Fizinė ir psichologinė Lietuvos jūrininkų gyvenimo kokybės dimensija

Conclusion: The physical and psychological well-being that partly determines the quality of life is statistically significantly dependent on age group and profession. It is not statistically significantly dependent on the type of ship

Įkalintų Lietuvos moterų priklausomybės problemos

This is the first scientific study on the problem of tobacco, alcohol and drug addiction as a psychological, social and public health phenomenon in penitentiary institutions in Lithuania. The aim of the study was to investigate the tobacco, alcohol and illicit drug use among incarcerated women. We hypothesized that addiction could predetermine criminality and incarceration. A semi-structured questionnaire was modified to include questions about illicit drug, tobacco and alcohol use, social behaviour, and psychological environment. All prisoners filled in the questionnaire in privacy. The study was conducted in a Lithuanian prison for women in June 2003. The study sample comprised 67 women. The majority of incarcerated women smoked tobacco, and the mean age at which they had begun was 16.5 years. 60 respondents had consumed alcohol, usually beer, one month preceding imprisonment. Twelve respondents had used over-boiled tea and over-pressed coffee. Approximately one-third of respondents had used illicit drugs at least once. The majority of the respondents currently smoked tobacco and 60 had drunk alcohol in the month preceding imprisonment. Such factors of delinquency as tobacco and alcohol use are predictors of criminality. Imprisonment is a stressful event necessitating drastic changes in one’s life, and it is considered to be psychologically harmful. The care must include orientation towards the future, as these problems are long-term and cannot be resolved during incarceration

Aesculus hippocastanum L. tinktūros priešuždegiminis poveikis ir žiurkių, sergančių adjuvantiniu artritu, pro- /antioksidacinė organizmo būklė

A lower MDA level and statistically significant AOA in female rats with AA were observed. Although the treatment lowered the MDA level and increased CAT activity in animals of both sexes, a significant difference remained between males and females: the latter showed a lower level of MDA and a higher CAT activity. Development of AA significantly increased the MDA level and decreased CAT activity, but only slightly affected SOD and AOA activity in gastric tissue homogenates. Their incubation with AH tincture had a positive effect, especially in female rats in which a significant decrease of MDA and a higher CAT activity were found in arthritic rats and elevated SOD activity in healthy rats. However, the pro-/antioxidant status of gastric tissue homogenates did not significantly differ between male and female rats. Conclusions. The results of the study clearly indicate that AH may be beneficial due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. The best effect was shown by the middle dose in female rats with AA. The in vivo anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of the herbal tincture may be the promising features for its prospective use as supplementary therapy beside the conventional treatment

Psichoaktyviųjų medžiagų vartojimas ir jų rizikos veiksniai tarp Lietuvos nepilnamečių nuteistųjų

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory and neurodegenerative disorder that affects primarily the cerebral white matter, thereby causing both physical and psychological disability. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible relationship between cognitive function and depression severity in MS patients, as well as sensitivity and specificity characteristics of the BRBNT (The Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests). We investigated 41 MS patients and 52 healthy people. Forty-one controls were selected from fifty-two healthy subjects and were individually matched with MS subjects for age, gender and education. BRBNT (Rao and Peyser, 1986) was designed for measuring verbal learning, visuospatial learning, sustained attention and concentration, information processing speed and verbal fluency cognitive functions. The B version of the BRBNT was translated and used in our study. Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II) (Beck, 1996) was used for the evaluation of depression severity. Results of our study confirmed that depression severity was associated with verbal learning: Consistent Long Term Retrieval and the Delayed Recall significantly negatively related to depression severity. The relationship between information processing speed and depression severity was also negative, but not statistically significant. The five individual BRBNT tests separately did not significantly discriminate healthy controls from MS patients; however, when all the five BRBNT tests put together we found 100% sensitivity of and 100% specificity. Our findings lead to the conclusion that neuropsychological testing is important in organizing help strategies for MS patients. BRBNT is a sensitive measure of cognitive function in MS, and may assist with differential diagnosis. Similarly, BRBNT could well be applied to other groups of patients, whose illness results in physical and/or cognitive functional limitations

A Model of the psychosocial environment for integrated education opportunities of the disabled in Lithuania : Laimutė Samsonienė ... [et al.]

The positive attitude of people with and without disabilities towards their interrelations can create favorable psychosocial preconditions for optimal interrelations in the integrated social system. On the basis of the theoretical model, the article presents comparative data of a research which served as a basis for the model of psychosocial preconditions and possible obstacles for the integrated education of the disabled in Lithuania. Materials and methods: An anonymous survey was carried out. It included 393 teachers working in not integrated (276), integrated (15) and special (102) schools and 2471 children from the same schools (1958, 126 and 382, respectively). Statistical analysis was carried out using SAS. Results: About 57% of teachers from integrated and 93% from unintegrated comprehensive schools and the absolute majority of teachers from all types of schools (about 78%) had low or very low knowledge about the disabled. Both disabled and able-bodied schoolchildren showed positive feelings towards each other and were inclined to communicate among themselves. Many able-bodied schoolchildren (78%) as well as those with disabilities (68%) have little knowledge about the disabled. Conclusions: The practical value of the research is determined by: 1) the data which confirm a positive interpersonal relationship of schoolchildren with and without disabilities as well as their feelings towards each other, and 2) the data which propose that the general attitude of teachers from comprehensive schools to the integration of the disabled is positive and that they experience a great need for knowledge about the problems of the disabled

Psichosocialinės aplinkos modelis integruotam neįgaliųjų ugdymui Lietuvoje

The positive attitude of people with and without disabilities towards their interrelations can create favorable psychosocial preconditions for optimal interrelations in the integrated social system. On the basis of the theoretical model, the article presents comparative data of a research which served as a basis for the model of psychosocial preconditions and possible obstacles for the integrated education of the disabled in Lithuania. Materials and methods: An anonymous survey was carried out. It included 393 teachers working in not integrated (276), integrated (15) and special (102) schools and 2471 children from the same schools (1958, 126 and 382, respectively). Statistical analysis was carried out using SAS. Results: About 57% of teachers from integrated and 93% from unintes-rated comprehensive schools and the absolute majority of teachers from all types of schools (about 78%) had low or very low knowledge about the disabled. Both disabled and able-bodied schoolchildren showed positive feelings towards each other and were inclined to communicate among themselves. Many able-bodied schoolchildren (78%) as well as those with disabilities (68%) have little knowledge about the disabled. Conclusions: The practical value of the research is determined by: 1) the data which confirm a positive interpersonal relationship of schoolchildren with and without disabilities as well as their feelings towards each other, and 2) the data which propose that the general attitude of teachers from comprehensive schools to the integration of the disabled is positive and that they experience a great need for knowledge about the problems of the disabled

Psichosocialinės aplinkos modelis integruotam neįgaliųjų ugdymui Lietuvoje

The positive attitude of people with and without disabilities towards their interrelations can create favorable psychosocial preconditions for optimal interrelations in the integrated social system. On the basis of the theoretical model, the article presents comparative data of a research which served as a basis for the model of psychosocial preconditions and possible obstacles for the integrated education of the disabled in Lithuania. Materials and methods: An anonymous survey was carried out. It included 393 teachers working in not integrated (276), integrated (15) and special (102) schools and 2471 children from the same schools (1958, 126 and 382, respectively). Statistical analysis was carried out using SAS. Results: About 57% of teachers from integrated and 93% from unintes-rated comprehensive schools and the absolute majority of teachers from all types of schools (about 78%) had low or very low knowledge about the disabled. Both disabled and able-bodied schoolchildren showed positive feelings towards each other and were inclined to communicate among themselves. Many able-bodied schoolchildren (78%) as well as those with disabilities (68%) have little knowledge about the disabled. Conclusions: The practical value of the research is determined by: 1) the data which confirm a positive interpersonal relationship of schoolchildren with and without disabilities as well as their feelings towards each other, and 2) the data which propose that the general attitude of teachers from comprehensive schools to the integration of the disabled is positive and that they experience a great need for knowledge about the problems of the disabled