Differentially regulated genes related to regulation.

<p>Differentially regulated genes related to regulation.</p

Influence of iron addition to <i>S. oneidensis</i> MR-1 biofilm formation under hydrodynamic conditions.

<p>Gfp-tagged <i>S. oneidensis</i> MR-1 wild-type cells were incubated in flow chambers in LM medium (upper panel) that was supplemented with iron at the indicated concentrations (lower panels). Biofilm formation was analyzed by CLSM at the indicated time points, displayed are three-dimensional shadow projections. The numbers below the images recorded after 0.5 and 5 hours represent the average surface coverage. The lateral edge of each image is 250 µm in length.</p

Coverage of a glass surface after inoculation and medium flow for 15 (upper image) and 60 minutes (lower image).

<p>Displayed are images taken by confocal laser scanning microscopy in flow chambers at the indicated time points. The lateral edge of each image equals 250 µm. The values given represent the average and standard deviation of surface coverage in percent of 6 randomly selected spots in three different channels of a flow chamber.</p

Differentially regulated genes related to “metabolic adaptation” – amino acid transport and metabolism.

<p>Differentially regulated genes related to “metabolic adaptation” – amino acid transport and metabolism.</p

Functional categories of significantly regulated genes comparing cells attached for 60 minutes to cells attached for 15 minutes.

<p>Up-regulated genes are displayed in light grey, downregulated genes in black. The only two functional groups that are comprising more genes that are upregulated than downregulated are those of transport and metabolism of amino acids and inorganic ions, in particular iron, respectively.</p

Differentially regulated genes potentially related to iron homeostasis.

<p>Differentially regulated genes potentially related to iron homeostasis.</p

Data_Sheet_1_Characterization of ExeM, an Extracellular Nuclease of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1.PDF

<p>Bacterial extracellular nucleases have multiple functions in processes as diverse as nutrient acquisition, natural transformation, biofilm formation, or defense against neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Here we explored the properties of ExeM in Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, an extracellular nuclease, which is widely conserved among species of Shewanella, Vibrio, Aeromonas, and others. In S. oneidensis, ExeM is crucial for normal biofilm formation. In vitro activity measurements on heterologously produced ExeM revealed that this enzyme is a sugar-unspecific endonuclease, which requires Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺/Mn²⁺ as co-factors for full activity. ExeM was almost exclusively localized to the cytoplasmic membrane fraction, even when a putative C-terminal membrane anchor was deleted. In contrast, ExeM was not detected in medium supernatants. Based on the results we hypothesize that ExeM predominantly interacts with DNA in close proximity to the cell, e.g., to promote biofilm formation and defense against NETs, or to control uptake of DNA.</p