Crystallization Kinetics and Morphology of Biodegradable Poly(ethylene succinate)/Octavinyl-Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes Nanocomposites

One of the main drawbacks of biodegradable poly­(ethylene succinate) (PES) is its slow crystallization rate. We prepared three nanocomposite samples in the present work by incorporating different small amounts of octavinyl-polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (ovi-POSS) into the PES matrix. The morphology and dispersion of ovi-POSS were first studied with a scanning electron microscope in the PES matrix. The nanofiller showed a nice dispersion throughout the polymer matrix with a regular structure, indicating the crystalline feature. The influences of different amounts of ovi-POSS on the nonisothermal and isothermal crystallization behaviors, spherulitic morphologies, and crystal structures of the nanocomposites were extensively investigated with several techniques. Ovi-POSS obviously enhanced the crystallization behaviors of PES as an efficient nucleating agent in the nanocomposites; moreover, the nanocomposites and neat PES had the same crystal structures and crystallization mechanisms

Comparison with compared with state-of-the-Art on the Cityscapes dataset.

Comparison with compared with state-of-the-Art on the Cityscapes dataset.</p

Machine software and hardware configuration.

Machine software and hardware configuration.</p

Comparison with state-of-the-art Meth on PASCAL VOC 2012 set.

Comparison with state-of-the-art Meth on PASCAL VOC 2012 set.</p

Example of DCT transformation.

Example of DCT transformation.</p

Ablation results on the PASCAL VOC 2012 valuation set.

ASPP is Atrous spatial pyramid pooling. MASPP refers to replacing the 1 × 1 convolution layer of ASPP with a 3 × 3 depthwise separable convolution layer. DSPM is our Double Attention Pyramid Module.</p

Ablation results on the PASCAL VOC 2012 valuation set.

Concat refers to the use of concatenation operations to fuse the output of DAPM. SFM: Selective Fuse Module. SSFM is the addition of the Spatial Attention Mechanism to each of the two branches of SFM. FSFM refers to the Focusing Selective Fuse Module.</p

Some examples of MFEAFN failures’ visualisation results on the the PASCAL VOC 2012 validation set.

Some examples of MFEAFN failures’ visualisation results on the the PASCAL VOC 2012 validation set.</p

Comparison of DeepLabv3+ and MFEAFN visualization results on PASCAL VOC 2012 validation set.

Comparison of DeepLabv3+ and MFEAFN visualization results on PASCAL VOC 2012 validation set.</p

Comparison of DeepLabv3+ and MFEAFN visualization results on Cityscapes validation set.

Comparison of DeepLabv3+ and MFEAFN visualization results on Cityscapes validation set.</p