Solar Interface Evaporation System Assisted by Mirror Reflection Heat Collection Based on Sunflower Chasing the Sun

In this study, a photothermal material, C-CP/MnO2, was prepared by compounding corrugated paper (CP) and MnO2, with excellent photothermal conversion efficiency. The porous structure and the presence of oxygen-containing functional groups enabled the material to have a good water transport function and a fast vapor escape rate. The special semihollow structure also allowed C-CP/MnO2 to have better thermal management and an evaporation rate that could reach 2.563 kg m–2 h–1 with an efficiency of 98.82% under 1 sun. The continuous arch structure inside C-CP/MnO2 was able to induce the Marangoni effect to achieve continuous desalination of high-concentration brine. The mirror heat collector achieved efficient light capture on the material surface through multiple reflections of light. This could increase the amount of radiation on the material surface by nearly 80%, and the evaporation rate could reach 4.314 kg m–2 h–1 under 1 sun. Moreover, this study demonstrated the light propagation path by simulating the light using Zemax to verify the correctness of the experimental results. Inspired by the sunflower chasing the sun, we designed a chasing heat collection system powered by solar panels to achieve efficient evaporation outdoors. This provided new ideas for further development of solar interface evaporation and also provided guidance for other industrial applications

Diagnostic efficacy of MR for mandibular medullary involvement.

<p>Diagnostic efficacy of MR for mandibular medullary involvement.</p

Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Diagnosis of Mandibular Involvement from Head and Neck Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

<div><p>Background</p><p>Diagnosis of mandibular involvement caused by head and neck cancers is critical for treatment. We performed a meta-analysis to determine the diagnostic efficacy of MR for distinguishing mandibular involvement caused by head and neck cancers.</p><p>Methods</p><p>Thirteen databases were searched electronically and hand-searching was also done. Two reviewers conducted study inclusion, data extractions, and quality assessment of the studies independently. Meta-disc 1.4 and STATA 11.0 were used to conduct the meta-analysis.</p><p>Results</p><p>16 studies involving a total of 490 participants underwent MR examinations and were accounted for in this meta-analysis. Among the included studies, 2 had high risk of bias, while the rest had unclear risk of bias. Meta-regression showed that the slight clinical and methodological heterogeneities did not influence the outcome (P>0.05). Meta-analysis indicated that the MR for the diagnosis of mandibular involvement had a pooled sensitivity (SEN) of 78%, specificity (SPE) of 83%, positive likelihood ratio (+LR) of 3.80, negative likelihood ratio (-LR) of 0.28, diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 28.94, area under curve (AUC) of 0.9110, and Q* of 0.8432. Two studies detected the diagnostic efficacy of MR for the mandibular medullar invasion, and only one study reported the inferior alveolar canal invasion, which made it impossible to include it in our meta-analysis. In comparing to CT, MR had a higher SEN without statistical significance (P = 0.08), but a significantly lower SPE (P = 0.04). The synthesized diagnostic efficacy (AUC and Q*) on mandibular involvement was similar between the two modalities (P>0.05).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>Present clinical evidence showed that MR had an acceptable diagnostic value in detecting mandibular involvement caused by head and neck cancers. MR exceeded CT in diagnosing patients with mandibular invasion (higher sensitivity than CT) but was less efficacious to exclude patients without the mandibular invasion (lower specificity than CT).</p></div

Comparison of results on diagnostic efficacy of MR and CT.

<p>Comparison of results on diagnostic efficacy of MR and CT.</p

Risk of bias and applicability of included studies.

<p>Risk of bias and applicability of included studies.</p

Single covariate meta-regression results.

<p>Single covariate meta-regression results.</p

SROC curves of MR and CT for mandibular involvement diagnosis.

<p>SROC curves of MR and CT for mandibular involvement diagnosis.</p

Sensitivity analysis.

<p>Sensitivity analysis.</p

Results of the meta-analysis.

<p>A: SEN; B: SPE; C: +LR; D: -LR; E: DOR.</p

Peripheral blood catecholamine and glucocorticoid levels differed with cancer stage.

<p>Peripheral blood catecholamine and glucocorticoid levels differed with cancer stage.</p