15 research outputs found
Comparative Evaluation of Placement of Auragain, ProSeal and Protector Laryngeal Mask Airways using Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy: A Randomised Clinical Study
Introduction: Supraglottic Airway Devices (SAD) can be
used instead of endotracheal intubation in both regular and
complicated airway situations. Auragain, ProSeal and Protector
Laryngeal Mask Airways (LMA) are second generation LMAs.
They have a separate provision for gastric drainage. Auragain
LMA is a recent second-generation Supra Glottic Airway
device (SGA) with a pre-formed curved shaft and a double
lumen having wider airway path to aid endotracheal intubation.
ProSeal LMA also has a double cuff for better sealing to prevent
gastric insufflation and aspiration. Protector LMA has two
large-volume gastric drainage channels and an integrated cuff
pressure indicator called the cuff pilot which enables application
of higher respiratory pressure.
Aim: To compare the adequacy of placement of Auragain,
ProSeal and protector LMAs by vocal cord visualisation using
fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Materials and Methods: A randomised clinical study was
conducted in the Department of Anaesthesiology, SRM Medical
College Hospital and Research Centre, Chennai, Tamil Nadu,
India, from October 2021 to October 2022 among 120 patients.
They were allocated by computer-generated random numbers
into three groups namely Auragain, ProSeal and Protector
LMA Group. The adequacy of placement of LMA through
Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy (FOB) using Brimacombe and berry
scoring, Oropharyngeal Leak Pressure (OLP), time of insertion
of LMA, number of attempts for insertion, ease of insertion
of LMA, Ryle’s tube insertion success rate and postoperative
complications were recorded immediately, after an hour and
24 hour, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using
International Business Machines-Statistical Package for the
Social Sciences (IBM-SPSS) software version 21.0.
Results: The mean±Standard Deviation (SD) age in Auragain
groups, ProSeal and Protector LMA groups was 41.35±12.96
years, 36.58±12.62 years and 36.65±12.50 years, respectively.
The demographic data, procedures and duration of
anaesthesia were comparable between the three groups. The
mean insertion time (in seconds) was lower in the Auragain
LMA group (16.80±3.66) when compared to protector LMA
(20.20±6.93) and ProSeal LMA (21.68±4.44) with statistically
significant difference (p-value<0.0001). The OLP (in cm H2O)
was more with ProSeal LMA (34.43±5.26) than Protector LMA
(32.60±3.45) and Auragain LMA (28.55±1.85) with statistically
significant difference (p-value<0.0001). The fiberoptic view
was better with ProSeal LMA and statistically significant with
Grade 4 (p-value<0.0001) and Grade 3 (p-value=0.007). The
three devices were comparable in terms of ease and success
of insertion of LMA, ease of placement of gastric tube and
postoperative symptoms.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the ProSeal LMA offers
better airway access and safety despite being slightly difficult to
insert compared to Ambu Auragain or Protector LMA
A Simple Hysteretic Energy Harvesting Method for Nonneutral AC Switches in Load Automation
This paper presents a simple hysteretic method to obtain the energy required to operate the gate-drive, sensors, and other circuits within nonneutral ac switches intended for use in load automated buildings. The proposed method features a switch-mode low part-count self-powered MOSFET ac switch that achieves efficiency and load current THD figures comparable to those of an externally gate-driven switch built using similar MOSFETS. The fundamental operation of the method is explained in detail, followed by the modifications required for practical implementation. Certain design rules that allow the method to accommodate a wide range of single-phase loads from 10 VA to 1 kVA are discussed, along with an efficiency enhancement feature based on inherent MOSFET characteristics. The limitations and side effects of the method are also mentioned according to their levels of severity. Finally, experimental results obtained using a prototype sensor switch are presented, along with a performance comparison of the prototype with an externally gate-driven MOSFET switch
Orthogonal Stability and Nonstability of a Generalized Quartic Functional Equation in Quasi- β -Normed Spaces
In this work, we examine the generalized Hyers-Ulam orthogonal stability of the quartic functional equation in quasi-β-normed spaces. Moreover, we prove that this functional equation is not stable in a special condition by a counterexample. © 2021 Nazek Alessa et al
Orthogonal Stability and Nonstability of a Generalized Quartic Functional Equation in Quasi-β-Normed Spaces
In this work, we examine the generalized Hyers-Ulam orthogonal stability of the quartic functional equation in quasi-β-normed spaces. Moreover, we prove that this functional equation is not stable in a special condition by a counterexample
Certain Class of Analytic Functions Connected with q-Analogue of the Bessel Function
The focus of this article is the introduction of a new subclass of analytic functions involving q-analogue of the Bessel function and obtained coefficient inequities, growth and distortion properties, radii of close-to-convexity, and starlikeness, as well as convex linear combination. Furthermore, we discussed partial sums, convolution, and neighborhood properties for this defined class
Phytochemical composition, mosquito larvicidal, ovicidal and repellent activity of Calotropis procera against Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Culex gelidus
Focus of this study was to determine the phytochemical composition and mosquito controlling potential of aqueous extract of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R.Br. leaves using in vitro methods. Preliminary phytochemical analysis of the extract showed the presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, glycosides and phytosterols as major phytochemical groups. Aqueous extract of C. procera leaves (1,000 ppm) exhibited 100% larvicidal activity against fourth instar larvae of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. gelidus. Extract treatment (1,000 ppm) of both mosquitoes eggs resulted in to 100% ovicidal activity. At 1,000 ppm, extract provided complete protection from mosquito bite for 240 min against both mosquitoes; however at lower doses the protection time was less. The findings of the current study emphasise the potentiality of C. procera leaves for controlling the mosquito population and their possible way in the developing the natural insecticide for the control of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and Cx. gelidus mosquitoes