What Is the Evidence that Riboflavin Can Be Used for Migraine Prophylaxis?

Individuals with migraine often have recurrent, painful symptoms, and symptomatic treatments have detrimentalside effects and do not prevent further attacks. Studies indicate that riboflavin can be used to decrease headachefrequency and lessen the need for symptomatic treatment. Mitochondrial dysfunction may play a role in migrainepathogenesis by interfering with oxygen metabolism. Daily doses of riboflavin, vitamin B2, may improve mitochondrialfunction by increasing the reserve of brain mitochondrial energy, and there are minimal side effects with dailytreatment. However, there is a need for further randomized, double-blind controlled studies to determine the effectivedose. Although riboflavin may not fully eliminate migraine nor take effect for several months, riboflavin is apromising prophylactic agent with minimal adverse effects that may significantly reduce the frequency of migraine

Generalized eruptive syringomas

Eruptive syringoma is a rare variant of syringoma, benign neoplasms of the eccrine sweat ducts that appear on the face, neck, chest, and axillae of predominately Asian and African American women before or during puberty [1, 2]. Lesions appear as small skin-colored or slightly pigmented, flat-topped papules [2]. The condition can be cosmetically disfiguring and difficult to treat, especially in dark-skinned patients. The investigators report a 52-year old Guyanese woman who presented with widespread, chronic, non-pruritic and nontender, skin-colored papules that arose approximately 20 years earlier. A punch biopsy of affected skin was obtained and the histological diagnosis was eruptive syringoma. The patient pursued no further treatment, after discussion of costs and risks

Generalized eruptive syringomas

Eruptive syringoma is a rare variant of syringoma, benign neoplasms of the eccrine sweat ducts that appear on the face, neck, chest, and axillae of predominately Asian and African American women before or during puberty [1, 2]. Lesions appear as small skin-colored or slightly pigmented, flat-topped papules [2]. The condition can be cosmetically disfiguring and difficult to treat, especially in dark-skinned patients. The investigators report a 52-year old Guyanese woman who presented with widespread, chronic, non-pruritic and nontender, skin-colored papules that arose approximately 20 years earlier. A punch biopsy of affected skin was obtained and the histological diagnosis was eruptive syringoma. The patient pursued no further treatment, after discussion of costs and risks

Pemphigus foliaceus exacerbated by radiation, in association with myasthenia gravis

Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is a sporadic autoimmune blistering disease of unknown etiology. The production of immunoglobulin G4 antibodies against desmoglein-1 is responsible for the clinical manifestation of PF. We present a case of a woman with a recent diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (MG), who was also recently treated with radiation therapy for breast cancer. The clinical exam, supported by biopsy and direct immunofluorescence, were consistent with PF. We present this case to increase the awareness of the potential exacerbation or induction of PF with radiation, and of the association of PF and myasthenia gravis. Only five prior cases of radiation-exacerbated or radiation-induced PF have been reported in the literature to date. Furthermore, the co-existence of the autoimmune entities of myasthenia gravis and PF has been reported in the literature in only 9 cases and was also noted in this patient

Nevi in Children and Adults: Dermoscopic Patterns and the Development of New Nevi

Nevi are the strongest risk factor for melanoma, as the risk of melanoma rises in individuals with a high number of melanocytic nevi. Yet, the melanocytic nevi in an individual change throughout one’s lifetime. By definition, acquired nevi appear after birth; the number of acquired nevi increases in the early decades, followed by a decrease in later life. According to the prevailing wisdom, individuals acquire nevi which then senesce and ultimately disappear; however, the process of nevogenesis may, in fact, be more dynamic. Although dermoscopy can provide greater insights into nevogenesis, there are relatively few studies that closely follow the development of nevi over an individual’s lifetime. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies regarding the dermoscopic pattern of nevi and the number of melanocytic nevi in both children and adults will be discussed below

Unilateral indurated plaque in the axilla: a case of metastatic breast carcinoma

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among American women and is also the most common internal malignancy to metastasize to the skin. Rarely, cutaneous metastases represent the first indication of breast carcinoma, putting dermatologists in an instrumental position to make the diagnosis of breast carcinoma. We report the case of a 71-year-old woman with a 10-year history of a slowly-enlarging, indurated plaque in the right axilla. Review of symptoms was significant only for occasional numbness and tingling that extended from the right axilla to the right hand. Biopsy revealed cells infiltrating in a single–file between the collagen bundles in the dermis and subcutis and immunohistochemical staining consistent with a diagnosis of invasive lobular carcinoma. Subsequent work up revealed a primary breast lesion and extensive bony metastases

Pemphigus foliaceus exacerbated by radiation, in association with myasthenia gravis

Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is a sporadic autoimmune blistering disease of unknown etiology. The production of immunoglobulin G4 antibodies against desmoglein-1 is responsible for the clinical manifestation of PF. We present a case of a woman with a recent diagnosis of myasthenia gravis (MG), who was also recently treated with radiation therapy for breast cancer. The clinical exam, supported by biopsy and direct immunofluorescence, were consistent with PF. We present this case to increase the awareness of the potential exacerbation or induction of PF with radiation, and of the association of PF and myasthenia gravis. Only five prior cases of radiation-exacerbated or radiation-induced PF have been reported in the literature to date. Furthermore, the co-existence of the autoimmune entities of myasthenia gravis and PF has been reported in the literature in only 9 cases and was also noted in this patient