98 research outputs found
Expression profiling and integrative analysis of the CESA/CSL superfamily in rice
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The cellulose synthase and cellulose synthase-like gene superfamily (<it>CESA</it>/<it>CSL</it>) is proposed to encode enzymes for cellulose and non-cellulosic matrix polysaccharide synthesis in plants. Although the rice (<it>Oryza sativa </it>L.) genome has been sequenced for a few years, the global expression profiling patterns and functions of the <it>OsCESA</it>/<it>CSL </it>superfamily remain largely unknown.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 45 identified members of <it>OsCESA</it>/<it>CSL </it>were classified into two clusters based on phylogeny and motif constitution. Duplication events contributed largely to the expansion of this superfamily, with Cluster I and II mainly attributed to tandem and segmental duplication, respectively. With microarray data of 33 tissue samples covering the entire life cycle of rice, fairly high <it>OsCESA </it>gene expression and rather variable <it>OsCSL </it>expression were observed. While some members from each <it>CSL </it>family (<it>A1</it>, <it>C9</it>, <it>D2</it>, <it>E1</it>, <it>F6 </it>and <it>H1</it>) were expressed in all tissues examined, many of <it>OsCSL </it>genes were expressed in specific tissues (stamen and radicles). The expression pattern of <it>OsCESA</it>/<it>CSL </it>and <it>OsBC1L </it>which extensively co-expressed with <it>OsCESA</it>/<it>CSL </it>can be divided into three major groups with ten subgroups, each showing a distinct co-expression in tissues representing typically distinct cell wall constitutions. In particular, <it>OsCESA1, -3 & -8 </it>and <it>OsCESA4, -7 & -9 </it>were strongly co-expressed in tissues typical of primary and secondary cell walls, suggesting that they form as a cellulose synthase complex; these results are similar to the findings in <it>Arabidopsis</it>. <it>OsCESA5</it>/<it>OsCESA6 </it>is likely partially redundant with <it>OsCESA3 </it>for OsCESA complex organization in the specific tissues (plumule and radicle). Moreover, the phylogenetic comparison in rice, <it>Arabidopsis </it>and other species can provide clues for the prediction of orthologous gene expression patterns.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The study characterized the <it>CESA</it>/<it>CSL </it>of rice using an integrated approach comprised of phylogeny, transcriptional profiling and co-expression analyses. These investigations revealed very useful clues on the major roles of <it>CESA</it>/<it>CSL</it>, their potentially functional complement and their associations for appropriate cell wall synthesis in higher plants.</p
Biomass digestibility is predominantly affected by three factors of wall polymer features distinctive in wheat accessions and rice mutants
Domestication of rice has reduced the occurrence of transposable elements within gene coding regions
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