Nano-Anatase-Enhanced Peroxyoxalate Chemiluminescence and Its Sensing Application

This paper reports a new nanosized anatase particle enhanced chemiluminescence sensor that utilizes the catalytic surface of anatase for sensitive detection of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). This chemiluminescence sensor was composed of anatase nanoparticles grafted with the nitrobenzoxadiazole (NBD) fluorophore, bis­(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)­oxalate (TCPO), and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The chemiluminescence efficiency of the sensor has been greatly enhanced by 6 times compared with that in the absence of nano-anatase. However, 2,4-D could greatly suppress the chemiluminescence enhancement of anatase nanoparticles probably by adsorbing and competitively reacting with the activated hydrogen peroxide on the anatase surface. The phenomenon has been used to detect 2,4-D by monitoring the quenching of the chemiluminescence of the system. The limit of detection of the chemiluminescence sensor system was estimated to be as low as 0.33 nmol/L. The simple and sensitive sensor reported herein exhibited an effective combination of traditional chemiluminescence with nano-anatase for sensitive detection, thus promoting the advances of chemiluminescence sensing on the basis of nanomaterials

Additional file 2: of Long noncoding RNA HEGBC promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis of gallbladder cancer via forming a positive feedback loop with IL-11/STAT3 signaling pathway

Figure S1. The full-length sequence of HEGBC. Representative image of PCR products from 5’-RACE and 3’-RACE assays are shown. Figure S2. RIP assay in NOZ cells was performed using RPLP0 specific antibody or negative control IgG. The bound RNA was detected using qRT-PCR with specific primers against HEGBC. Results are shown as mean ± s.d. of 3 independent experiments. ns, not significant by Student’s t test. (DOCX 15 kb

Highly Ordered 3D Graphene-Based Polymer Composite Materials Fabricated by “Particle-Constructing” Method and Their Outstanding Conductivity

The fabrication of graphene-based polymer composite materials is of interest and significance from an academic and an application viewpoint. The widely used method to obtain such composites was liquid-phase blend of graphene nanosheets (GNSs) and polymer solutions followed by casting or heat pressing. Until now, the challenge of dispersing the GNSs uniformly in the polymer matrix to form controllable and regular structure still remains. Here, we developed a unique “particle-constructing” method for fabricating highly ordered 3D graphene-based polymer composite materials, throughout which the GNSs formed intact, uniform and well-defined network structure. The strategy contains two steps: wrapping polymer microspheres with GNSs and mold-compressing them at room temperature, followed by an appropriate heat treatment. The composite materials exhibited outstanding electrical properties involving extremely low percolation threshold and much higher conductivity. The method can be easily extended to fabricate highly ordered GNS aerogels and more GNS-based composite materials. The results represent an important step toward developing GNS-based composite materials with high performance

Additional file 1: of Long noncoding RNA HEGBC promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis of gallbladder cancer via forming a positive feedback loop with IL-11/STAT3 signaling pathway

Table S1. Top 60 differentially expressed genes in GBC. (DOCX 23 kb

Theoretical exploring effects of solvent polarity and atomic electronegativity on excited state behaviour for BY4TP fluorophore

As widely acknowledged, the realm of novel organic molecules boasting extraordinary attributes pertaining to excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) has emerged as a captivating subject matter. In this context, our primary focus lies in delving into the excited-state behaviour exhibited by 2-benzoxazol-2-yl-4-triethylsilanylethynyl-phenol (BY4TP), an alluring derivative derived from 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole (HBO). Relying on the examination of four distinct aprotic solvents with varying degrees of polarities, we can unequivocally affirm that solvent polarity exerts a profound influence on the intricate interplay of hydrogen bonding interactions, charge redistribution and reorganisation, as well as associated ESIPT phenomena by light. Through meticulous comparison and precise measurement of reaction barriers across diverse solvent environments, our groundbreaking findings indicate that lowly polar solvents serve as efficacious facilitators for promoting the occurrence of the ESIPT reaction in BY4TP fluorophore. By considering atomic-electronegativity-regulated hydrogen bonding effects and excited state behaviours for BY4TP-S and BY4TP-Se, we also present low atomic electronegativity with Se substation promotes ESIPT reaction. We ardently anticipate that this study will provide invaluable insights into the behaviour exhibited by BY4TP upon excitation and under the influence of solvent polarity and atomic electronegativity, while simultaneously paving new avenues for future research endeavours and applications encompassing novel HBO derivatives.</p

DataSheet1_Folate-receptor-targeted co-self-assembly carrier-free gemcitabine nanoparticles loading indocyanine green for chemo-photothermal therapy.docx

The carrier-free chemo-photothermal therapy has become a promising strategy to improve anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy owing to the combination of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy, with improved chemotherapy drug pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics, high drug loading, and reduced toxicity. We designed a novel carrier-free targeting nanoparticles, co-self-assembled amphiphilic prodrugs 3′,5′-dioleoyl gemcitabine (DOG), and tumor-targeted γ-octadecyl folate (MOFA), with encapsulated US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) for synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy. The DOG linking oleic acid to the sugar moiety of gemcitabine (GEM) showed better self-assembly ability among GEM amphiphilic prodrugs linking different fatty acids. The readily available and highly reproducible 3′,5′-dioleoyl gemcitabine/γ-octadecyl folate/indocyanine green (DOG/MOFA/ICG) nanoparticles were prepared by reprecipitation and showed nano-scale structure with mono-dispersity, great encapsulation efficiency of ICG (approximately 74%), acid- and laser irradiation-triggered GEM release in vitro and sustained GEM release in vivo after intravenous administration as well as excellent temperature conversion (57.0°C) with near-infrared laser irradiation. The combinational DOG/MOFA/ICG nanoparticles with near-infrared laser irradiation showed better anti-tumor efficacy than individual chemotherapy or photothermal therapy, with very low hemolysis and inappreciable toxicity for L929 cells. This co-self-assembly of the ICG and the chemotherapy drug (GEM) provides a novel tactic for the rational design of multifunctional nanosystems for targeting drug delivery and theranostics.</p

Fluorescent and Cross-linked Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Nanoshells for Monitoring Drug Delivery

Functionalized and monodisperse nanoshells have attracted significant attention owing to their well-defined structure, unique properties, and wide range of potential applications. Here, the synthesis of cross-linked organic–inorganic hybrid nanoshells with strong fluorescence properties was reported via a facile precipitation polymerization of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP) and fluorescein on silica particles used as templates. The resulting poly­(cyclotriphosphazene-<i>co</i>-fluorescein) (PCTPF) nanoshells were firm cross-linked shells with ∼2.2 nm mesopores that facilitated the transport of drug molecules. The fluorescent nanoshells also exhibited excellent water dispersibility and biocompatibility; thus, they can be considered as ideal drug vehicles with high doxorubicin storage capacity (26.2 wt %) and excellent sustained release (up to 14 days). Compared to doxorubicin (DOX) alone, the PCTPF nanoshells more efficiently delivered DOX into and killed cancer cells. Moreover, the PCTPF nanoshells also exhibited remarkable fluorescent emission properties and improved photobleaching stability in both suspension and solid state owing to the covalent immobilization of fluorescein in the highly cross-linked organic–inorganic hybrids. The exceptional fluorescent properties enabled the release of DOX as well as the distribution of nanoshells and DOX to be monitored

Chemiluminescence Switching on Peroxidase-Like Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles for Selective Detection and Simultaneous Determination of Various Pesticides

To achieve selectivity in direct chemiluminescence (CL) detection is very significant and a great challenge as well. Here, we report a novel concept of developing intrinsically selective CL switching at the surface of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles for the sensitive detection and simultaneous determination of various pesticides. Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles have peroxidase-like catalytic activity and catalyze the decomposition of dissolved oxygen to generate superoxide anions, so that the CL intensity of luminol was amplified by at least 20 times. The CL signals can be quenched by the addition of ethanol because ethanol readily reacts with superoxide anions as a radical scavenger. However, the quenching effect can be inhibited through the specific binding of target molecules on Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, leading to CL “turn-on” in the presence of ethanol. The novel CL “switching-on” concept demonstrated unique advantages in the detection of pesticide residues. Using the surface coordinative reactions, nonredox pesticide ethoprophos were sensitively detected with a detection limit of 0.1 nM and had a very wide detection range of 0.1 nM to 100 μM. More importantly, the selectivity of CL switching is tunable through the special surface modification of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, and these Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles with different surface groups can generate unique CL response pattern for the simultaneous determination of various pesticides. Meanwhile, the superparamagnetic properties of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles provide a simple magnetic separation approach to attain interference-free measurement for real detection. The very facile and versatile strategy reported here should open a new window to exploration of selective CL molecular switching and application of magnetic nanoparticles for chemo/biodetection

Capillary Force Driven Self-Assembly of Anisotropic Hierarchical Structures Prepared by Femtosecond Laser 3D Printing and Their Applications in Crystallizing Microparticles

The hierarchical structures are the derivation of various functionalities in the natural world and have inspired broad practical applications in chemical systhesis and biological manipulation. However, traditional top-down fabrication approaches suffered from low complexity. We propose a laser printing capillary-assisted self-assembly (LPCS) strategy for fabricating regular periodic structures. Microscale pillars are first produced by the localized femtosecond laser polymerization and are subsequently self-assembled into periodic hierarchical architectures with the assistance of controlled capillary force. Moreover, based on anisotropic assemblies of micropillars, the LPCS method is further developed for the preparation of more complicated and advanced functional microstructures. Pillars cross section, height, and spatial arrangement can be tuned to guide capillary force, and diverse assemblies with different configurations are thus achieved. Finally, we developed a strategy for growing micro/nanoparticles in designed spatial locations through solution-evaporation self-assembly induced by morphology. Due to the high flexibility of LPCS method, the special arrangements, sizes, and distribution density of the micro/nanoparticles can be controlled readily. Our method will be employed not only to fabricate anisotropic hierarchical structures but also to design and manufacture organic/inorganic microparticles

Atomic Oxygen Tailored Graphene Oxide Nanosheets Emissions for Multicolor Cellular Imaging

Graphene oxide (GO) has been widely used as a fluorescence quencher, but its luminescent properties, especially tailor-made controlling emission colors, have been seldom reported due to its heterogeneous structures. Herein, we demonstrated a novel chemical oxidative strategy to tune GO emissions from brown to cyan without changing excitation wavelength. The precise tuning is simply achieved by varying reaction times of GO nanosheets in piranha solution, but there is no need for complex chromatography separation procedures. With increasing reaction times, oxygen content on the lattice of GO nanosheets increased, accompanied by the diminution of their sizes and sp² conjugation system, resulting in an increase of emissive carbon cluster-like states. Thereby, the luminescent colors of GO were tuned from brown to yellow, green, and cyan, and its fluorescent quantum yields were enhanced. The obtained multicolored fluorescent GO nanosheets would open plenty of novel applications in cellular imaging and multiplex encoding analysis