Fast micro-differential evolution for topological active net optimization

This paper studies the optimization problem of topological active net (TAN), which is often seen in image segmentation and shape modeling. A TAN is a topological structure containing many nodes, whose positions must be optimized while a predefined topology needs to be maintained. TAN optimization is often time-consuming and even constructing a single solution is hard to do. Such a problem is usually approached by a ``best improvement local search'' (BILS) algorithm based on deterministic search (DS), which is inefficient because it spends too much efforts in nonpromising probing. In this paper, we propose the use of micro-differential evolution (DE) to replace DS in BILS for improved directional guidance. The resultant algorithm is termed deBILS. Its micro-population efficiently utilizes historical information for potentially promising search directions and hence improves efficiency in probing. Results show that deBILS can probe promising neighborhoods for each node of a TAN. Experimental tests verify that deBILS offers substantially higher search speed and solution quality not only than ordinary BILS, but also the genetic algorithm and scatter search algorithm

Electric field enhancement of pool boiling of dielectric fluids on pillar-structured surfaces: A lattice Boltzmann study

In this paper, by using a phase-change lattice Boltzmann (LB) model coupled with an electric field model, we numerically investigate the performance and enhancement mechanism of pool boiling of dielectric fluids on pillar-structured surfaces under an electric field. The numerical investigation reveals that applying an electric field causes both positive and negative influences on the pool boiling of dielectric fluids on pillar-structured surfaces. It is found that, under the action of an electric field, the electric force prevents the bubbles nucleated in the channels from crossing the edges of the pillar tops. On the one hand, such an effect results in the bubble coalescence in the channels and blocks the paths of liquid supply for the channels, which leads to the deterioration of pool boiling in the medium-superheat regime. On the other hand, it prevents the coalescence between the bubbles in the channels and those on the pillar tops, which suppresses the formation of a continuous vapor film and therefore delays the occurrence of boiling crisis. Meanwhile, the electric force can promote the departure of the bubbles on the pillar tops. Accordingly, the critical heat flux (CHF) can be improved. Based on the revealed mechanism, wettability-modified regions are applied to the pillar tops for further enhancing the boiling heat transfer. It is shown that the boiling performance on pillar-structured surfaces can be enhanced synergistically with the CHF being increased by imposing an electric field and the maximum heat transfer coefficient being improved by applying mixed wettability to the pillar-structured surfaces.Comment: 29 pages, 16 figure

Exothermic isospin-violating dark matter after SuperCDMS and CDEX

We show that exothermic isospin-violating dark matter (IVDM) can make the results of the latest CDMS-Si experiment consistent with recent null experiments, such as XENON10, XENON100, LUX, CDEX, and SuperCDMS, whereas for the CoGeNT experiment, a strong tension still persists. For CDMS-Si, separate exothermic dark matter or isospin-violating dark matter cannot fully ameliorate the tensions among these experiments; the tension disappears only if exothermic scattering is combined with an isospin-violating effect of f_n/f_p=-0.7. For such exothermic IVDM to exist, at least a new vector gauge boson (dark photon or dark Z') that connects SM quarks to Majorana-type DM particles is required.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure

Angiogenesis and Vasculogenesis at 7-Day of Reperfused Acute Myocardial Infarction

Objectives 
This study is to investigate the angiogenesis and vasculogenesis at the first week of reperfused acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Methods 
16 of mini-swines (20 to 30 Kg) were randomly assigned to the sham-operated group and the AMI group. The acute myocardial infarction and reperfusion model was created and the pig tail catheter was performed to monitor hemodynamics before left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion, 90 min of LAD occlusion and 120 min of LAD reperfusion. Pathologic myocardial tissue was collected at 7-day of LAD reperfusion and further assessed by immunochemistry, dual immunochemistry, in-situ hybridization, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot. 
Results 
The infarcted area had higher FLK1 mRNA expression than sham-operated area and the normal area (all P<0.05), and the infarcted and marginal areas showed higher CD146 protein expression than the sham-operated area (all P<0.05), but the microvessel density (CD31 positive expression of microvessels/HP) was not significantly different between the infarcted area and the sham-operated area (8.92±3.05 vs 6.43±1.54) at 7-day of reperfused acute myocardial infarction (P>0.05). 
Conclusions 
FLK1 and CD146 expression significantly increase in the infarcted and marginal areas, and the microvessel density is not significantly different between the infarcted area and the sham-operated area, suggesting that angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in the infarcted area appear to high frequency of increase in 7-day of reperfused myocardial infarction. 
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On Weak Exponential Expansiveness of Evolution Families in Banach Spaces

The aim of this paper is to give several characterizations for the property of weak exponential expansiveness for evolution families in Banach spaces. Variants for weak exponential expansiveness of some well-known results in stability theory (Datko (1973), Rolewicz (1986), Ichikawa (1984), and Megan et al. (2003)) are obtained

Single-cell Transcriptomics of Murine Mural Cells Reveals Cellular Heterogeneity

Mural cells (MCs) wrap around the endothelium, and participate in the development and homeostasis of vasculature. MCs have been reported as heterogeneous population morphologically and functionally. However, the transcriptional heterogeneity of MCs was rarely studied. In this study, we illustrated the transcriptional heterogeneity of MCs with different perspectives by using publicly available single-cell dataset GSE109774. Specifically, MCs are transcriptionally different from other cell types, and ligand-receptor interactions of different cells with MCs vary. Re-clustering of MCs identified five distinct subclusters. The heterogeneity of MCs in tissues was reflected by MC coverage, various distribution of MC subclusters, and ligand-receptor interactions of MCs and parenchymal cells. The transcriptomic diversity of MCs revealed in this article will help facilitate further research into MCs

Nursing care of 1 cases of closed degree Ⅲ bedsore in elderly patients in a vegetative state

植物人因神经系统损伤，完全丧失认知能力，无自主行为能力，常年卧床，无法自主翻身，无知觉无痛感，无法把身体不适的信息传递给他人，身体局部因长时受压，血液循环不畅，造成细胞坏死，极易发生褥疮。特别是闭合性褥疮，不容易发现，严重影响植物人的治疗和康复，甚至威胁患者的生命。日常护理中应密切观察患者病情，精心护理可减少并发症的发生。本文内容是对1例老年患者的护理总结，为临床护理提供经验。Patients in a vegetative state due to nervous system injury loss cognitive ability, and have no autonomous behavior ability.They lie in bed perennial, unable to turn over, unconscious painless, and can't put the discomfort message to others.Their partial body because of long time compression, poor blood circulation, which cause cell necrosis, and lead to decubitus. Especially the closed bedsore, not easy to find,and seriously affect the treatment and rehabilitation of vegetables, even threaten the life of patients. We should closely observe the patient nursing daily, to reduce the occurrence of complications by careful nursing. The article summarized the nursing of elderly patients in 1 cases, and provided experience for clinical nursing

Diverse anisotropy of phonon transport in two-dimensional IV-VI compounds: A comparative study

New classes two-dimensional (2D) materials beyond graphene, including layered and non-layered, and their heterostructures, are currently attracting increasing interest due to their promising applications in nanoelectronics, optoelectronics and clean energy, where thermal transport property is one of the fundamental physical parameters. In this paper, we systematically investigated the phonon transport properties of 2D orthorhombic group IV-VI compounds of $GeS$, $GeSe$, $SnS$ and $SnSe$ by solving the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) based on first-principles calculations. Despite the similar puckered (hinge-like) structure along the armchair direction as phosphorene, the four monolayer compounds possess diverse anisotropic properties in many aspects, such as phonon group velocity, Young's modulus and lattice thermal conductivity ($\kappa$), etc. Especially, the $\kappa$ along the zigzag and armchair directions of monolayer $GeS$ shows the strongest anisotropy while monolayer $SnS$ and $SnSe$ shows an almost isotropy in phonon transport. The origin of the diverse anisotropy is fully studied and the underlying mechanism is discussed in detail. With limited size, the $\kappa$ could be effectively lowered, and the anisotropy could be effectively modulated by nanostructuring, which would extend the applications in nanoscale thermoelectrics and thermal management. Our study offers fundamental understanding of the anisotropic phonon transport properties of 2D materials, and would be of significance for further study, modulation and aplications in emerging technologies.Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, 2 table