MICROCOMPUTER SYSTEM SPECIFICATION USING INTERVAL LOGIC AND A MODIFIED LABELLED-NET MODEL.

The application of interval logic and modified labelled-net models for system specification and verification is introduced. By means of interval logic and modified labelled-net models, system properties involving time interval information can be specified and verified. In interval logic, derivation rules are used to obtain the criteria on the time relationships for the correct implementation of the system. The verification of system properties by derivation rules can be performed in the net space by net transformations which can be handled by an interactive computer. The human decision to select an appropriate net transformation rule is indispensable. Token passing is used to verify that the criteria for correct implementation are met by the parameters of a given set of components. An offline program without human intervention may be used to perform this job. An application example of a microcomputer system demonstrates the power of these models.link_to_subscribed_fulltex

Health maintenance through home-based interventions for community-dwelling older people with sarcopenia during and after the COVID-19 pandemic : a systematic review and meta-analysis

202307 bckwVersion of RecordSelf-fundedPublishe

Qualitative evaluation of a credit-bearing leadership subject in Hong Kong

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Focus group evaluation of a subject on leadership and intrapersonal development in Hong Kong

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Qualitative evaluation of a leadership and intrapersonal development subject for university students in Hong Kong

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Evaluating the effectiveness of a 6-week hybrid mindfulness-based intervention in reducing the stress among caregivers of patients with dementia during COVID-19 pandemic : protocol of a randomized controlled trial

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Evaluation of a physical-psychological integrative (PPI) intervention for community-dwelling spinal cord injury survivors : study protocol of a preliminary randomized controlled trial

202305 bcwwVersion of RecordOthersHealth and Medical Research Fund Research Fellowship Scheme, the Health Bureau, Hong Kong SAR (Project No. 06200147)Publishe

Effects of an Internationalization at Home (IAH) programme on cultural awareness among medical and nursing students in Hong Kong and Indonesia during the COVID-19 pandemic : a mixed-methods study

202309 bcvcVersion of RecordOthersHong Kong Polytechnic UniversityPublishe

Tracking Dengue Virus Intra-host Genetic Diversity during Human-to-Mosquito Transmission.

Dengue virus (DENV) infection of an individual human or mosquito host produces a dynamic population of closely-related sequences. This intra-host genetic diversity is thought to offer an advantage for arboviruses to adapt as they cycle between two very different host species, but it remains poorly characterized. To track changes in viral intra-host genetic diversity during horizontal transmission, we infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes by allowing them to feed on DENV2-infected patients. We then performed whole-genome deep-sequencing of human- and matched mosquito-derived DENV samples on the Illumina platform and used a sensitive variant-caller to detect single nucleotide variants (SNVs) within each sample. >90% of SNVs were lost upon transition from human to mosquito, as well as from mosquito abdomen to salivary glands. Levels of viral diversity were maintained, however, by the regeneration of new SNVs at each stage of transmission. We further show that SNVs maintained across transmission stages were transmitted as a unit of two at maximum, suggesting the presence of numerous variant genomes carrying only one or two SNVs each. We also present evidence for differences in selection pressures between human and mosquito hosts, particularly on the structural and NS1 genes. This analysis provides insights into how population drops during transmission shape RNA virus genetic diversity, has direct implications for virus evolution, and illustrates the value of high-coverage, whole-genome next-generation sequencing for understanding viral intra-host genetic diversity

Preexisting influenza-specific CD4+ T cells correlate with disease protection against influenza challenge in humans

Protective immunity against influenza virus infection is mediated by neutralizing antibodies, but the precise role of T cells in human influenza immunity is uncertain. We conducted influenza infection studies in healthy volunteers with no detectable antibodies to the challenge viruses H3N2 or H1N1. We mapped T cell responses to influenza before and during infection. We found a large increase in influenza-specific T cell responses by day 7, when virus was completely cleared from nasal samples and serum antibodies were still undetectable. Preexisting CD4+, but not CD8+, T cells responding to influenza internal proteins were associated with lower virus shedding and less severe illness. These CD4+ cells also responded to pandemic H1N1 (A/CA/07/2009) peptides and showed evidence of cytotoxic activity. These cells are an important statistical correlate of homotypic and heterotypic response and may limit severity of influenza infection by new strains in the absence of specific antibody responses. Our results provide information that may aid the design of future vaccines against emerging influenza strains