17,683 research outputs found
Revisiting Bank Pricing Policies in Brazil: evidence from loan and deposit markets
This paper addresses the determinants of interest rates in the Brazilian banking market. The results suggest that banks fully adjust their loan interest rates to a change in the monetary policy rate, but we also observe a rigid short-term response for some loan product categories. The study confirms that pricing policies can vary substantially depending on the market. For example, microeconomic factors did not seem to be a major determinant of retail loan rates, but they were found to be important determinants of corporate loan or time deposit rates. As two additional results, market concentration was found to have a robust significant positive effect on loan rates and interest spreads, as well as the international risk perception of Brazil, as proxied by the EMBI Brazil.
On the second largest eigenvalue of the signless Laplacian
Let be a graph of order and let be
the eigenvalues of the -matrix of , also known as the signless Laplacian
of In this paper we give a necessary and sufficient condition for the
equality where In particular, this result solves
an open problem raised by Wang, Belardo, Huang and Borovicanin.
We also show that [ q_{2}(G) \geq\delta(G)] and determine that equality holds
if and only if is one of the following graphs: a star, a complete regular
multipartite graph, the graph or a complete multipartite graph of
the type .Comment: This version fills a gap in one proof, noticed by Rundan Xin
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Applicability of Winthrop Score for the Diagnosis of Influenza A in the Emergency Department of Hospital Pablo Arturo Suárez, January to March of 2018
Introduction: In 2010, the Department of Infectious Diseases at Winthrop University Hospital designed a score system for the diagnosis of Legionella pneumonia. In this study, we applied the score to patients with acute respiratory symptoms suspected of having type A influenza. The identification of patients at medium to high risk of Influenza A allows for early initiation of treatment.Objective: To study the applicability of the Winthrop score for the diagnosis of Influenza A.Methodology: A prospective cohort study was performed in 2018 at Hospital Pablo Arturo Suárez, in Quito, Ecuador. Patients 0 to 100 years old presenting to the emergency department with influenza-like illness in January-March of 2018 were included in the study. Winthrop score results were then compared with the result of the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for influenza A, the gold standard for diagnosis. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and likelihood ratios were used to establish the diagnostic performance of this point system for influenza A within the sample at large and in subgroup analyses by age (<5 years, 5-65 years, and >65 years) and comorbidities.Results: 149 patients were enrolled in the study period. The study population included 81 males (54.4%) and the majority of patients were less than 5 years of age (N=85, 57.0%). Furthermore, almost one-third of the patients were less than one year old (N=38, 25.5%). According to the Winthrop point system, 68.5% of the cases had a low probability of having influenza (n = 102), 8.7% of cases had a medium probability (n = 13) and 22.8 % of cases had a high probability (n = 34). The RT-PCR test for influenza was positive for 26.2% of patients (n = 39). The Winthrop point system had a sensitivity of 97.4%, specificity of 91.8%, positive predictive value of 80.8%, negative predictive value of 99.0%, positive likelihood ratio of 11.9, and negative likelihood ratio of 35.8 in the total study population. For children under 5 years, a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 96.3%, positive predictive value of 77.7%, negative predictive value of 100%, positive likelihood ratio of 27, and negative likelihood ratio of 0. In patients older than 6 years, a sensitivity of 96.9%, specificity of 89%, positive predictive value of 84.21%, negative predictive value of 98%, positive likelihood ratio of 8.8, and negative likelihood ratio of 29.4. Testing in patients over 65 years had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 90%, positive predictive value of 87.5%, negative predictive value of 100%, positive likelihood ratio of 10 and negative likelihood ratio of 0. Finally, patients with comorbidities had a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 88.24%, positive predictive value of 81.82%, negative predictive value of 93.75%, positive likelihood ratio of 7.65, and negative likelihood ratio of 8.82.Conclusions: The Winthrop score performed well in predicting Influenza A in patients with acute respiratory symptoms. This score may be useful in settings were Influenza A PCR testing is unavailable
Existence of covers with fixed ramification in positive characteristic
We discuss two elementary constructions for covers with fixed ramification in
positive characteristic. As an application, we compute the number of certain
classes of covers between projective lines branched at 4 points and obtain
information on the structure of the Hurwitz curve parametrizing these covers
Evolution of Magnetic Fields in Freely Decaying Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence
We study the evolution of magnetic fields in freely decaying
magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. By quasi-linearizing the Navier-Stokes
equation, we solve analytically the induction equation in quasi-normal
approximation. We find that, if the magnetic field is not helical, the magnetic
energy and correlation length evolve in time respectively as E_B \propto
t^{-2(1+p)/(3+p)} and \xi_B \propto t^{2/(3+p)}, where p is the index of
initial power-law spectrum. In the helical case, the magnetic helicity is an
almost conserved quantity and forces the magnetic energy and correlation length
to scale as E_B \propto (log t)^{1/3} t^{-2/3} and \xi_B \propto (log t)^{-1/3}
t^{2/3}.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures; accepted for publication in PR
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