De bodemgesteldheid van het ruilverkavelingsgebied Philippine : resultaten van een bodemkundig - hydrologisch onderzoek en standaardprofielen

Het ruilverkavelingsgebied Philippine bestaat uit mariene zand-, zavel- en kleigronden, dekzandgronden, en mariene gronden op dekzand. Binnen de zavel- en kleigronden komen plaatgronden, schorgronden en kreekbeddinggronden voor. De dekzandgronden hebben een bovengrond die marien beonvloed is. De mariene gronden op dekzand bestaan uit een bovenlaag van zavel op leemarm dekzand en zijn als plaatgronden aangegeven. De vijf grondwaterklassen geven bij benadering de diepte en fluctuatie van het grondwaterweer. Van bijna alle gronden op de bodem- en grondwaterklassenkaart, schaal 1 : 10 000, is een representatief profiel beschreven. Samen vormen deze een reeks van 49 standaardprofielen

Subjective and objective assessment of executive functions in Parkinson's disease

AbstractImpairments in executive functions (EF) in Parkinson's disease (PD) will have a negative influence on daily life. For the assessment objective and subjective measurement approaches are used. It is however unknown whether these approaches contribute in a different way to the assessment of EF in PD. Thirty-nine PD patients and 24 healthy participants completed the Dysexecutive questionnaire (DEX; subjective measure) and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB; objective measure). PD patients showed impaired EF (FAB) and reported more problems with EF in daily life (DEX) than healthy participants. The performance on the FAB could however not be explained by the problems with EF that were reported by PD patients (DEX) and vice versa. In conclusion, not all PD patients who show impairments in EF report them and not all PD patients who report problems with EF in daily life show impairments according to objective measurement. Both measures thus contribute in a different way to the assessment of EF in PD patients. However, it has to be considered that the FAB is not a critical test to assess cognition in PD, since these patients also suffer from posterior abnormalities including memory and visuo-spatial deficits which are strong predictors for PD dementia

Colorectal liver metastases: Surgery versus thermal ablation (COLLISION) - a phase III single-blind prospective randomized controlled trial

Background: Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) are widely accepted techniques to eliminate small unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM). Although previous studies labelled thermal ablation inferior to surgical resection, the apparent selection bias when comparing patients with unresectable disease to surgical candidates, the superior safety profile, and the competitive overall survival results for the more recent reports mandate the setup of a randomized controlled trial. The objective of the COLLISION trial is to prove non-inferiority of thermal ablation compared to hepatic resection in patients with at least one resectable and ablatable CRLM and no extrahepatic disease. Methods: In this two-arm, single-blind multi-center phase-III clinical trial, six hundred and eighteen patients with at least one CRLM (≤3cm) will be included to undergo either surgical resection or thermal ablation of appointed target lesion(s) (≤3cm). Primary endpoint is OS (overall survival, intention-to-treat analysis). Main secondary endpoints are overall disease-free survival (DFS), time to progression (TTP), time to local progression (TTLP), primary and assisted technique efficacy (PTE, ATE), procedural morbidity and mortality, length of hospital stay, assessment of pain and quality of life (QoL), cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) and quality-adjusted life years (QALY). Discussion: If thermal ablation proves to be non-inferior in treating lesions ≤3cm, a switch in treatment-method may lead to a reduction of the post-procedural morbidity and mortality, length of hospital stay and incremental costs without compromising oncological outcome for patients with CRLM. Trial registration:NCT03088150 , January 11th 2017