Genbank accession numbers of studied taxa.

<p>Newly generated sequences are indicated with an asterisk (and would be very soon referred to a genbank accession number). The superscript numbers refer to the publication where the sequences were first published: ¹[<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#pone.0150920.ref027" target="_blank">27</a>], ²[<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#pone.0150920.ref038" target="_blank">38</a>], ³[<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#pone.0150920.ref039" target="_blank">39</a>], ⁴[<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#pone.0150920.ref040" target="_blank">40</a>], ⁵[<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#pone.0150920.ref041" target="_blank">41</a>], ⁶[<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#pone.0150920.ref042" target="_blank">42</a>], ⁷[<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#pone.0150920.ref043" target="_blank">43</a>], ⁸[<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#pone.0150920.ref037" target="_blank">37</a>], ⁹[<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#pone.0150920.ref044" target="_blank">44</a>].</p

Habitat of <i>Pixibinthus sonicus</i>.

<p>(A)Low sclerophyllous ‘maquis minier’ around les Chutes de la Madeleine. (B) Detailed view of habitat in leaf litter. (C) Juvenile of <i>P</i>. <i>sonicus</i> (size: approximately 1cm).</p

List of taxa investigated in the molecular study, with voucher information, and country and locality origin of samples, taxonomical classification. molecular dataset.

<p>The phylogeny-based taxonomies of Chintauan-Marquier et al. [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#pone.0150920.ref037" target="_blank">37</a>] for Gryllidea and Robillard & Desutter-Grandcolas [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#pone.0150920.ref036" target="_blank">36</a>] for Eneopterinae were used; superfamilies and families are indicated for all taxa, and subfamilies and tribes for ingroup taxa only. Abbreviations used for subfamilies: ENEO = Eneopterinae, GRYL = Gryllinae; Tribes: Ene = Eneopterini, Eur = Eurepini, Gry = Gryllini, Leb = Lebinthini, Nis = Nisitrini, Xen = Xenogryllini. N/A corresponds to non-available data.</p

Ecological, biological, morphological and dating characteristics for the three Lebinthini groups.

<p>Acoustic recording impaired by inadequate recording material are indicate with an asterisk. Body sizes of species were inferred from the FIIIL femur length measurements. Abbreviation: N/A corresponds to non-available data.</p

Predicted ecological distribution of <i>Pixibinthus sonicus</i> using ESDM.

<p>Warmer colors indicate areas with higher habitat suitability for <i>P</i>. <i>sonicus</i>. Reddots show sampling sites where <i>Pixibinthus sonicus</i> was recorded; yellowdots show sampling sites where <i>P</i>. <i>sonicus</i> was not observed.</p

Bayesian majority rule consensus tree of Eneopterinae crickets based on dataset 1, including 28 species and nine DNA markers.

<p>Bayesian posterior probability (PP) andML bootstrap (BS) support values are indicated for each node on the right. A clade with a BS < 50% or not recovered in the ML analyses is indicated with a dash. Major clades are shaded with a color scale. Horizontal bars represent the scales of substitution rates (substitution per site). Species occurring in New Caledonia are represented with the ‡ symbol.</p

Male forewing venation of <i>Pixibinthus sonicus</i>.

<p>For abbreviations and symbols, see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0150920#sec002" target="_blank">Material and methods</a>. Scale bar = 1 mm.</p

Detailed morphology of <i>Pixibinthus sonicus</i>.

<p>(A)Dorsal view of the female face. (B) Facial of the female face. (C) Lateral view of the anterior body part of female. (D) Dorsal view of detailed FWs for female. (E) Dorsal view of detailed FWs for male (E). (F) Stridulatory file with SEM. Scale bars = 1 mm for (A), (B), (C), (D), (E); 50 μm for (F).</p

Dorsal and lateral views of <i>Pixibinthus sonicu</i>s.

<p>(A) & (B) Male. (C) & (D) Female. Scale bar = 5 mm.</p

Map of sampled localities in the southern part of New Caledonian Grande Terre.

<p>Blue dots indicate localities where populations of <i>Pixibinthus sonicus</i> were not found. Orange dots indicate localities where <i>P</i>. <i>sonicus</i> was found.</p