78 research outputs found
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Pulsed Power Accelerators at CEM-UT
An overview of four accelerator programs utilizing pulsed power is presented. The goals of each project, a description of the power supplies and launchers utilized and test results from each program are provided. The four projects presented illustrate a variety of uses for electromagnetic (EM) launchers and the potential advantages and disadvantages of four different launcher systems. Included in the paper are micrometeorite impact studies of 50 to 500 μm diameter glass beads accelerated up to 11 km/s with plasma armatures and 2.5- kg solid armature packages launched at 2.6 km/s (a record 8.1 MJ of muzzle energy). A compact rep-rateable augmented rail launcher and compulsator system weighing less than 1,100 kg is also described. Finally a skid mounted rep-rateable launcher system capable of providing 9 MJ of muzzle energy is discussed.Center for Electromechanic
Theory of Shubnikov--De Haas Oscillations Around the Filling Factor of the Landau Level: Effect of Gauge Field Fluctuations
We present a theory of magnetooscillations around the Landau level
filling factor based on a model with a fluctuating Chern--Simons field. The
quasiclassical treatment of the problem is appropriate and leads to an
unconventional behavior of the
amplitude of oscillations. This result is in good qualitative agreement with
available experimental data.Comment: Revtex, 4 pages, 1 figure attached as PostScript fil
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Design, Analysis, and Fabrication of Two Lightweight, High L’ Railguns
Design, analysis, and fabrication of two railguns with 90 and 30 mm bores utilizing a laminated containment structure are discussed. Laminations are insulated from each other by layers of sheet adhesive, and a composite overwrap is applied to the laminations for longitudinal stiffness. The 90 mm-bore gun is being fabricated for testing as the 9 MJ range gun. Performance specifications for the 90 mm-bore gun are 3.2 MA peak current, 4.0 km/s maximum velocity, and 12 MJ muzzle energy. The 30 mm-bore gun is a one-third scale version of the 90 mm-bore gun, built to develop construction techniques and verify performance. It is designed to be operated at 1 MA with a maximum muzzle energy of 400 kJCenter for Electromechanic
Integer quantum Hall effect for hard-core bosons and a failure of bosonic Chern-Simons mean-field theories for electrons at half-filled Landau level
Field-theoretical methods have been shown to be useful in constructing simple
effective theories for two-dimensional (2D) systems. These effective theories
are usually studied by perturbing around a mean-field approximation, so the
question whether such an approximation is meaningful arises immediately. We
here study 2D interacting electrons in a half-filled Landau level mapped onto
interacting hard-core bosons in a magnetic field. We argue that an interacting
hard-core boson system in a uniform external field such that there is one flux
quantum per particle (unit filling) exhibits an integer quantum Hall effect. As
a consequence, the mean-field approximation for mapping electrons at
half-filling to a boson system at integer filling fails.Comment: 13 pages latex with revtex. To be published in Phys. Rev.
Composite Fermions and the Energy Gap in the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect
The energy gaps for the fractional quantum Hall effect at filling fractions
1/3, 1/5, and 1/7 have been calculated by variational Monte Carlo using Jain's
composite fermion wave functions before and after projection onto the lowest
Landau level. Before projection there is a contribution to the energy gaps from
the first excited Landau level. After projection this contribution vanishes,
the quasielectron charge becomes more localized, and the Coulomb energy
contribution increases. The projected gaps agree well with previous
calculations, lending support to the composite fermion theory.Comment: 12 pages, Revtex 3.0, 2 compressed and uuencoded postscript figures
appended, NHMFL-94-062
Quasiparticle Interactions in Fractional Quantum Hall Systems: Justification of Different Hierarchy Schemes
The pseudopotentials describing the interactions of quasiparticles in
fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states are studied. Rules for the identification
of incompressible quantum fluid ground states are found, based upon the form of
the pseudopotentials. States belonging to the Jain sequence nu=n/(1+2pn), where
n and p are integers, appear to be the only incompressible states in the
thermodynamic limit, although other FQH hierarchy states occur for finite size
systems. This explains the success of the composite Fermion picture.Comment: RevTeX, 10 pages, 7 EPS figures, submitted fo Phys.Rev.
Lowest-Landau-level theory of the quantum Hall effect: the Fermi-liquid-like state
A theory for a Fermi-liquid-like state in a system of charged bosons at
filling factor one is developed, working in the lowest Landau level. The
approach is based on a representation of the problem as fermions with a system
of constraints, introduced by Pasquier and Haldane (unpublished). This makes
the system a gauge theory with gauge algebra W_infty. The low-energy theory is
analyzed based on Hartree-Fock and a corresponding conserving approximation.
This is shown to be equivalent to introducing a gauge field, which at long
wavelengths gives an infinite-coupling U(1) gauge theory, without a
Chern-Simons term. The system is compressible, and the Fermi-liquid properties
are similar, but not identical, to those in the previous U(1) Chern-Simons
fermion theory. The fermions in the theory are effectively neutral but carry a
dipole moment. The density-density response, longitudinal conductivity, and the
current density are considered explicitly.Comment: 32 pages, revtex multicol
Skyrmion Excitations in Quantum Hall Systems
Using finite size calculations on the surface of a sphere we study the
topological (skyrmion) excitation in quantum Hall system with spin degree of
freedom at filling factors around . In the absence of Zeeman energy, we
find, in systems with one quasi-particle or one quasi-hole, the lowest energy
band consists of states with , where and are the total orbital and
spin angular momentum. These different spin states are almost degenerate in the
thermodynamic limit and their symmetry-breaking ground state is the state with
one skyrmion of infinite size. In the presence of Zeeman energy, the skyrmion
size is determined by the interplay of the Zeeman energy and electron-electron
interaction and the skyrmion shrinks to a spin texture of finite size. We have
calculated the energy gap of the system at infinite wave vector limit as a
function of the Zeeman energy and find there are kinks in the energy gap
associated with the shrinking of the size of the skyrmion. breaking ground
state is the state with one skyrmion of infinite size. In the presence of
Zeeman energy, the skyrmion size is determined by the interplay of the Zeeman
energy and electron-electronComment: 4 pages, 5 postscript figures available upon reques
Beyond paired quantum Hall states: parafermions and incompressible states in the first excited Landau level
The Pfaffian quantum Hall states, which can be viewed as involving pairing
either of spin-polarized electrons or of composite fermions, are generalized by
finding the exact ground states of certain Hamiltonians with k+1-body
interactions, for all integers k > 0. The remarkably simple wavefunctions of
these states involve clusters of k particles, and are related to correlators of
parafermion currents in two-dimensional conformal field theory. The k=2 case is
the Pfaffian. For k > 1, the quasiparticle excitations of these systems are
expected to possess nonabelian statistics, like those of the Pfaffian. For k=3,
these ground states have large overlaps with the ground states of the (2-body)
Coulomb-interaction Hamiltonian for electrons in the first excited Landau level
at total filling factors \nu=2+3/5, 2+2/5.Comment: 11 pages Revtex in two column format with 4 eps figures included in
the M
Competition between quantum-liquid and electron-solid phases in intermediate Landau levels
On the basis of energy calculations we investigate the competition between
quantum-liquid and electron-solid phases in the Landau levels n=1,2, and 3 as a
function of their partial filling factor. Whereas the quantum-liquid phases are
stable only in the vicinity of quantized values 1/(2s+1) of the partial filling
factor, an electron solid in the form of a triangular lattice of clusters with
a few number of electrons (bubble phase) is energetically favorable between
these fillings. This alternation of electron-solid phases, which are insulating
because they are pinned by the residual impurities in the sample, and quantum
liquids displaying the fractional quantum Hall effect explains a recently
observed reentrance of the integral quantum Hall effect in the Landau levels
n=1 and 2. Around half-filling of the last Landau level, a uni-directional
charge density wave (stripe phase) has a lower energy than the bubble phase.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures; calculation of exact exchange potential for
n=1,2,3 included, energies of electron-solid phases now calculated with the
help of the exact potential, and discussion of approximation include
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