The feasibility of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy examination after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients

George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, The 8th International Medical Congress for Students and Young Doctors, September 24-26, 2020Introduction. The feasibility of sentinel lymph node biopsy examination for breast cancer patients that had no clinically detected lymph nodes and underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy have been analyzed by injecting blue dye into the area near the tumor. Aim of the study. Axillary status is one of the most important prognostic factors for breast cancer. Sentinel node biopsy has become a standard procedure for axillary staging in clinically node-negative patients. This technique brings out important information that helps physician in therapeutic management of these patients. Lymphadenectomy is an invasive procedure associated with higher morbidity and complications that has shown to be unnecessary in some cases of breast cancer. Materials and methods.. Forty patients with stages 0-II breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled in the study. The sentinel node biopsy was performed after blue dye injection into the tumor. Sentinel nodes stained bright blue and were removed. The sentinel nodes have been examined under the microscope for cancer signs. Depending on the biopsy results this was followed or not by lymphadenectomy . Parameters like age, size of tumor, Nottingham grade, presence of hormonal receptors, HER 2 enriche, presence of microcalcification, necrosis and inflammatory infiltrate have been studied to predict the risk of axillary metastasis. Results. Forty patients received SLN biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Ten cases (25%) of these had positive sentinel lymph nodes confirmed by anatomopathological examination. Lymphadenectomy procedure have been performed and only 3 of them (30%) had metastatic lymph nodes in the rest of the axilla. Conclusions. SLN biopsy accuracy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy is still debated in literature. Thirty of our patients were saved form an unnecessary axillary lymph node dissection by using SLN biopsy technique

Spontaneous pneumothorax after a respiratory distress syndrome – a case report

University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu MuresBackground. Respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) of the newborn is caused by pulmonary surfactant deficiency in the lungs of neonates which leads to alveolar collapse and noncompliant lungs. It can be primary or secondary, due to meconium aspiration or Group B Streptocoocus (GBS) infection. RDS is usually diagnosed with a combination of clinical signs and/or symptoms (apnea, cyanosis, grunting, inspiratory stridor, nasal flaring, poor feeding, and tachypnea), chest radiographic findings, and arterial blood gas Results. In near term or term infants with great respiratory effort, RDS can be complicated with spontaneous pnumothorax

Intraventricular hemorrhage with subsequent ventriculomegaly in preterm infants

University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu MuresBackground. Preterm infants are at risk for developing many perinatal complications such as intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) and subsequent ventriculomegaly. Babies born before 32 weeks of pregnancy present an even higher risk for IVH, an important cause of severe cognitive and motor neurologic impairment in very low birth weight infants. The risk of IVH is inversely related to gestational age and birth weight

Switching the little kids lives on

University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu MuresBackground. Cormatrix is an innovation in bioengineering, introduced in the medical world in 2013. The material is based on the extracellular matrix derived from the porcine intestine submucosa, allowing for tissue restructure and growth in the "site" where it is used. The composition consists of collagen, glycosaminoglycans, glycoproteins, proteoglycans and growth factors VEGF, FGF. The superior characteristics are given by acellularity, resistance to infection, anti-inflammatory effect and immunomodulator, the most important element being the reactivity depending on the impulse from the tissue where it is involved

Treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia – a difficult choice for severe complications: a case report

University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu MuresBackground. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of adult leukemia in the western European countries and is characterized by the relentless accumulation of monoclonal B cells with the appearance of small mature lymphocytes and with a characteristic immunophenotype. Even with the right treatment, this disease is known to have a variable course: some patients die within one year after diagnosis while others live for longer than ten years