102 research outputs found
Factors influencing the efficiency of wheat anther culture
Using in vitro androgenesis serves as a unique opportunity to produce doubled haploid (DH) plants in many
species. More benefits of this biological phenomenon have kept these methods in the focus of fundamental
research and crop breeding for decades. In common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), in vitro anther culture is one
of the most frequently applied DH plant production methods. The efficiency of in vitro wheat anther culture is
influenced by many factors, such as the genotype, growing conditions, collection time, pre-treatments, and
compositions of media and culture conditions. According to some critical review, the genotype dependency, low
efficiency and albinism are mentioned as limitations of application of the anther culture method. However, some
research groups have made significant efforts to diminish the effects of these bottlenecks. Due to the
improvements, a well-established in vitro anther culture method can be an efficient tool in modern wheat
breeding programs
Androgenesis induction in microspore culture of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Isolated microspore culture experiments were
carried out in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) F1
hybrid genotypes. In the first experiment, four culture media
(W14, B5, MS and NLN) were compared to test their
effectiveness in inducing the formation of microsporederived
structures in two genotypes. The experiments
revealed the superiority of B5 medium. In the second
experiment, the effects of different ratios of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D) (0, 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5 mg l-1) and
kinetin (0, 0.2 and 0.5 mg l-1) were also investigated in B5
medium with two genotypes. The effect of growth regulators
were investigated on the production of microsporederived
calli and embryo-like structures (ELSs), the ratio of
the two and plant regeneration (number of regenerated
plantlets) in microspore culture. The histological experiments
revealed the differences between the microsporederived
ELSs and calli. The most promising results were
obtained on the investigated parameters in the presence of
0.1 mg l-1 2,4-D and 0.2 mg l-1 kinetin producing the
highest number of plantlets in both genotypes tested. In the
response of 11 genotypes, the androgenesis induction was
successful in each sweet pepper genotypes tested using the
best basic medium and growth regulators combination.
In case of 11 genotypes, the number of ELSs ranged from
20 to 100/Petri dish (an average of 48.1 ELS/Petri dish),
while the number of green plantlets varied from 0 to 8
plantlets/Petri dish (an average of 1.5 plantlets/Petri dish)
depending on the genotype. The spontaneous rediploidization
rate obtained was 25% in isolated microspore
A szívizom endogén adaptációja, szignál mechanizmusok, terápiás megfontolások: kísérletes és klinikai vizsgálatok = Endogenous adaptation of the myocardium, survival signals, therapeutic considerations: experimental and clinical investigations
A pályázatban vizsgáltuk a miokardium endogén adaptációjával kiváltható protektív mechanizmusok molekuláris és celluláris folyamatait és klinikai lehetőségeit. Újszülött patkány kamrai szívizomzatából izolált sejteken monitoroztuk a pre- és posztkondicionálást követően indukált urocortin és PACAP /pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide/ termelődésének időbeli lefolyását. Igazoltuk a neuropeptidek szerepét a mitokondriumok védelmét biztosító K-ATP csatornák aktivációjához vezető intracelluláris jelátviteli folyamatokban. Kimutattuk továbbá a hemoxigenáz-1 intracelluláris expresszióját és cytoprotektív hatását a miokardium késői prekondicionálásában. Nyulakon végzett állatkísérletes modelleken leírtuk az adaptáció szignálmechanizmusaiban kulcsszerepet játszó NFkB és AP-1 transzkripciós faktorok indukciójának dinamikáját, valamint igazoltuk, hogy az acetilszalicilátok - a COX-2 inhibició mellett - irreverzibilisen blokkolják az adaptáció NFkB függő útvonalát. Humán vizsgálatainkat a hagyományosan nyitott / extracorporeális keringés/ és pumpa nélküli (off-pump) technikával végzett szívsebészeti beavatkozásokat követően végeztük el. A kialakuló oxidatív stressz és gyulladásos válaszreakciók mértékét és időbeli lefolyását egy héten át monitorozva szignifikáns különbséget találtunk a reakciók mértékében és időbeli lefolyásában, igazolva az off-pump technika prioritását. | We examined the molecular and cellular pathways and clinical prospects of the protective mechanisms focused to endogenous adaptation of the myocardium. Cell culture, animal models, and clinical patients have been investigated to clerify the molecular background of ischaemic pre-and postconditioning, and adaptation reactions evoked by endogenous neuropeptides. Dynamism of urocortin and PACAP (pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide) induction were investigated in neonatal rat myocardial cell culture. We described the role of these neuropetides in the signaling of K-ATP channel activation. The protective role of heme oxigenase-1 in delayed preconditioning was also demonstrated. In a rabbit model we described the dynamism of NFkB and AP-1 transcription factors activation in the process of delayed preconditioning. Our investigation has been confirmed that acelylsalicylates - besides COX-2 inhibition - could irreversible block the NFkB dependent signaling of the endogenous adaptation. We investigated the conventional open (extracorporal circulation) and off-pump techniques in patients, operated by coronary bypass surgery . During one week period we have found significant advantages of off-pump technique versus extracorporeal circulation, in the degree and time course of evoked oxidative stress and systemic inflammatory responses
Ideas on teaching finance and accounting in tertiary education : What should future bankers and accountants learn?
Szilánkok a felsőfokú pénzügyi és számviteli oktatásról : Mit is tanuljanak ma a jövő bankárai és számvitelesei?
A pénzügyi kultúra része az is, hogy milyen legyen a jövő felsőfokú pénzügyi
oktatása. Cikkünk fő kérdése az, hogy mit is tanuljanak a jövő bankárai, számvitelesei, könyvvizsgálói ahhoz, hogy növeljék a szakma presztízsét, megőrizzék
diplomájuk magas ár/érték arányát, a kedvező elhelyezkedési esélyüket. A demográfiai szorításban és a külföld által támasztott verseny mellett sokkal intenzívebb
belföldi versenyre kell minden intézménynek felkészülnie. Ez a „globális” kép
természetesen valóságos szűkített területünkön is: a felsőfokú pénzügyi oktatási
területen is el kell dönteni minden intézménynek, hogy merre keresi a helyét,
milyen stratégiát választ. Cikkünkben a múltat is felidézve olyan szempontokat
vetünk fel, amelyeket fontosnak tartunk a jövőre vonatkozó döntéseknél figyelembe venni
Androgenic responses of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) combinations in in vitro anther culture
The androgenic parameters were investigated by in vitro anther culture (AC) on nine F25 breeding combinations of winter wheat (Triticum aestivium L.). Each combination produced embryo-like structures (ELS), green plantlets, albino plantlets, transplanted plantlets and acclimatized plantlets, with respect to the number of anthers in AC. The number of AC-derived ELS was between 11.73 and 52.76 ELS/100 anthers with the mean of 26.22 ELS/100 anthers, out of which the number of regenerated green plantlets varied from 3.20 to 26.40 green plantlets/100 anthers and the mean was 9.76 green plantlets/100 anthers, while the number of transplanted plantlets ranged from 2.16 to 21.77 transplanted plantlets/100 anthers. Furthermore, the number of albinos/100 anthers was mitigated and varied between 0.72 and 6.20 albinos/100 anthers. We also studied the number of green and albino plantlets per 100 ELS. The rate of green plantlets per 100 ELS ranged between 14.81% and 64.01%, with the overall mean 33.59%, while the rate of albinos per 100 ELS ranged from 4.82% to 20.70% with the overall mean 11.93%. In our experiment, the rate of acclimatized plantlets (70.15-91.57%) depended mostly on the combination. This study asserted the importance of AC method in wheat for in vitro production of green plants. Although albinism was found in each combination, it did not hinder the production of green plantlets. The satisfying results were achieved in green plantlets production compared to the previously published data, but further improvement will be needed continuously, experiment by experiment. The generated acclimatized plantlets will be used in the wheat breeding program as doubled haploid (DH) lines
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