Discrimination of time series data

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Strengthening zones in the Co matrix of WC-Co cemented carbides

For conventional structural and tool materials, in particular WC-Co cemented carbides, hardness and wear-resistance can usually be increased only at the expense of toughness and strength. For the first time we have achieved a dramatically increased combination of hardness, wear-resistance, fracture toughness and strength as a result of precipitation of extremely fine nanoparticles in the cobalt binder of cemented carbides. These nanoparticles are similar to 3 nm in size, coherent with the Co matrix and consist of a metastable phase. (C) 2014 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Peer Reviewe

Institutions and individuals : Interaction and evolution

“The final, definitive version of this article has been published in the Journal, Organization Studies, 28 (1) 2007, Copyright SAGE Publications Ltd, SAGE Journals Online: http://online.sagepub.com/ "The conceptualization of the relation between individual and structure is central to social science. After making some key definitions, this paper overviews some recent developments in the social theory of structure and agency, and makes a novel addition, based on a concept of habit derived from pragmatism and Veblenian institutional economics. Processes of habituation provide a mechanism of ‘reconstitutive downward causation’ where institutional circumstances may affect individual preferences. Finally, special characteristics of organizations are discussed, endorsing an evolutionary analytical approach that combines insights from both evolutionary economics and organization science.Peer reviewe