Construction of index system for external risk factors of disease on large-scale farm based on the analytic hierarchy process

AbstractAnimal health risk analysis technology on large-scale farm is becoming more important, but the assessment of relevant external risk factors of disease spreading into pig farm is an complex multi-dimensional process. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) has been accepted as a robust and flexible multi-criteria decision-making tool for dealing with complex decision problems. On this study, The index system of external risk factors on large-scale farm is built based on AHP. The result shows that farm management practices, Biosecurity and site are major risk factors and reveals AHP can be used in animal risk analysis for disease control and prevention

Arabidopsis NMD3 Is Required for Nuclear Export of 60S Ribosomal Subunits and Affects Secondary Cell Wall Thickening

NMD3 is required for nuclear export of the 60S ribosomal subunit in yeast and vertebrate cells, but no corresponding function of NMD3 has been reported in plants. Here we report that Arabidopsis thaliana NMD3 (AtNMD3) showed a similar function in the nuclear export of the 60S ribosomal subunit. Interference with AtNMD3 function by overexpressing a truncated dominant negative form of the protein lacking the nuclear export signal sequence caused retainment of the 60S ribosomal subunits in the nuclei. More interestingly, the transgenic Arabidopsis with dominant negative interference of AtNMD3 function showed a striking failure of secondary cell wall thickening, consistent with the altered expression of related genes and composition of cell wall components. Observation of a significant decrease of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in the differentiating interfascicular fiber cells of the transgenic plant stems suggested a link between the defective nuclear export of 60S ribosomal subunits and the abnormal formation of the secondary cell wall. These findings not only clarified the evolutionary conservation of NMD3 functions in the nuclear export of 60S ribosomal subunits in yeast, animals and plants, but also revealed a new facet of the regulatory mechanism underlying secondary cell wall thickening in Arabidopsis. This new facet is that the nuclear export of 60S ribosomal subunits and the formation of RER may play regulatory roles in coordinating protein synthesis in cytoplasm and transcription in nuclei

Intracoronary artery retrograde thrombolysis combined with percutaneous coronary interventions for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction complicated with diabetes mellitus: A case report and literature review

BackgroundThe management of a large thrombus burden in patients with acute myocardial infarction and diabetes is still a worldwide problem.Case presentationA 74-year-old Chinese woman presented with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) complicated with diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Angiography revealed massive thrombus formation in the mid-segment of the right coronary artery leading to vascular occlusion. The sheared balloon was placed far from the occlusion segment and urokinase (100,000 u) was administered for intracoronary artery retrograde thrombolysis, and thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) grade 3 blood flow was restored within 7 min. At last, one stent was accurately implanted into the culprit’s vessel. No-reflow, coronary slow flow, and reperfusion arrhythmia were not observed during this process.ConclusionIntracoronary artery retrograde thrombolysis (ICART) can be effectively and safely used in patients with STEMI along with diabetes mellitus and hypertension, even if the myocardial infarction exceeds 12 h (REST or named ICART ClinicalTrials.gov number, ChiCTR1900023849)

Fourteen-day vonoprazan and low- or high-dose amoxicillin dual therapy for eradicating Helicobacter pylori infection: A prospective, open-labeled, randomized non-inferiority clinical study

Background and aimWe previously reported that vonoprazan-amoxicillin (VA) dual therapy for 7 or 10 days is not satisfactorily efficacious for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication. We aimed to explore the efficacy of VA dual therapy for 14 days as a first-line treatment for H. pylori infection.MethodsThis was a single center, prospective, open-labeled, randomized non-inferiority clinical study conducted in China. Treatment naïve H. pylori infected patients were randomized into two groups: 20 mg vonoprazan (VPZ) b.i.d. in combination with low-dose (1000 mg b.i.d.) or high-dose (1000 mg t.i.d) amoxicillin for 14 days. 13C-urea breath tests were used to access the cure rate at least 4 weeks after treatment.ResultsA total of 154 patients were assessed and 110 subjects were randomized. The eradication rate of VPZ with b.i.d. amoxicillin or t.i.d. amoxicillin for 14 days was 89.1% and 87.3% by intention-to-treat analysis, respectively, and 94.1% and 95.9% by per-protocol analysis, respectively. The eradication rate and incidence of adverse events were not different between the two groups.ConclusionVPZ with b.i.d. or t.i.d. amoxicillin for 14 days provides satisfactory efficacy as a first-line treatment for H. pylori infection in China

Novel and Effective Therapeutic Regimens for Helicobacter pylori in an Era of Increasing Antibiotic Resistance

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a common gastrointestinal bacterial strain closely associated with the incidence of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer. A current research and clinical challenge is the increased rate of antibiotic resistance in H. pylori, which has led to a decreased H. pylori eradication rate. In this article, we review recent H. pylori infection and reinfection rates and H. pylori resistance to antibiotics, and we discuss the pertinent treatments. A PubMed literature search was performed using the following keywords: Helicobacter pylori, infection, reinfection, antibiotic resistance, bismuth, proton pump inhibitors, vonoprazan, susceptibility, quintuple therapy, dual therapy, and probiotic. The prevalence of H. pylori has remained high in some areas despite the decreasing trend of H. pylori prevalence observed over time. Additionally, the H. pylori reinfection rate has varied in different countries due to socioeconomic and hygienic conditions. Helicobacter pylori monoresistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole or levofloxacin was common in most countries. However, the prevalence of amoxicillin and tetracycline resistance has remained low. Because H. pylori infection and reinfection present serious challenges and because H. pylori resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole or levofloxacin remains high in most countries, the selection of an efficient regimen to eradicate H. pylori is critical. Currently, bismuth-containing quadruple therapies still achieve high eradication rates. Moreover, susceptibility-based therapies are alternatives because they may avoid the use of unnecessary antibiotics. Novel regimens, e.g., vonoprazan-containing triple therapies, quintuple therapies, high-dose dual therapies, and standard triple therapies with probiotics, require further studies concerning their efficiency and safety for treating H. pylori

Investigation of Impact on Hydro-Mechanical Properties for Cement Stabilized Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil under Different Salinity

The purpose of this study is to investigate the hydro-mechanical properties of heavy metal (Cu, Zn) contaminated soil stabilized using cement treatment situated under different salinity. Conventional oedometers with cylindrical samples dimensioned ⌀61.8 × 20 mm were used to conduct the tests. Two cement contents (10%, 20% by mass of cement to the mass of dry soil) and three salinity levels (0.5M, 1M, 1.5M) were used as comparison variables. The compression results demonstrate that the coupled condition in terms of mechanical and chemical will have different behavior on the soil specimen, as Cc (compression index) changes with different metal fractions. The hydraulic conductivity (k) results show that a higher metal fraction will compromise the k. The possible development of water and metal ions is proposed that when a different type and fraction of metal ions are present, the hydration reaction can be suppressed depending on whether the metal ion prioritizes the reaction with either cement or saline solution. It was found that Cu ions prioritize their reaction to a saline solution while Zn ions target the Ca(OH)2 that is available from cement. However, more studies should be carried out to confirm this point