31,537 research outputs found
Transfers and Development: Easy Come, Easy Go?
Contrary to the popular notion that money that is easily earned, is also easily spent, economic theory holds that income is fungible. Drawing on the concept of mental accounting, this study theoretically explores when such a link between spending behaviour and the effort dispensed in obtaining income is plausible. Empirically, it is found that the marginal propensity to consume from unearned income is about three times larger than that from earned income, based on household panel data from rural China, with the difference more pronounced when unearned income is transitory and smaller than earned income. The policy implications are real
Radiation-induced magnetoresistance oscillation in a two-dimensional electron gas in Faraday geometry
Microwave-radiation induced giant magnetoresistance oscillations recently
discovered in high-mobility two-dimensional electron systems in a magnetic
field, are analyzed theoretically. Multiphoton-assisted impurity scatterings
are shown to be the primary origin of the oscillation. Based on a model which
considers the interaction of electrons with the electromagnetic fields in
Faraday geometry, we are able not only to reproduce the correct period, phase
and the negative resistivity of the main oscillation, but also to obtain
secondary peaks and additional maxima and minima in the resistivity curve, some
of which were already observed in the experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, revised version to be published in Phys. Rev. Let
Pumped spin-current and shot noise spectra in a single quantum dot
We exploit the pumped spin-current and current noise spectra under
equilibrium condition in a single quantum dot connected to two normal leads, as
an electrical scheme for detection of the electron spin resonance (ESR) and
decoherence. We propose spin-resolved quantum rate equations with correlation
functions in Laplace-space for the analytical derivation of the zero-frequency
atuo- and cross-shot noise spectra of charge- and spin-current. Our results
show that in the strong Coulomb blockade regime, ESR-induced spin flip
generates a finite spin-current and the quantum partition noises in the absence
of net charge transport. Moreover, spin shot noise is closely related to the
magnetic Rabi frequency and decoherence and would be a sensitive tool to
measure them.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. Lette
Disorder effects on the spin-Hall current in a diffusive Rashba two-dimensional heavy-hole system
We investigate the spin-Hall effect in a two-dimensional heavy-hole system
with Rashba spin-orbit coupling using a nonequilibrium Green's function
approach. Both the short- and long-range disorder scatterings are considered in
the self-consistent Born approximation. We find that, in the case of long-range
collisions, the disorder-mediated process leads to an enhancement of the
spin-Hall current at high heavy-hole density, whereas for short-range
scatterings it gives a vanishing contribution. This result suggests that the
recently observed spin-Hall effect in experiment is a result of the sum of the
intrinsic and disorder-mediated contributions. We have also calculated the
temperature dependence of spin-Hall conductivity, which reveals a decrease with
increasing the temperature.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, Typos in the values of hole density correcte
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