Thonides debarques par les pecheurs artisans dans la zone d’abidjan (Cote d’Ivoire) source potentielle d’une amelioration de la securite alimentaire

Dans le cadre des activités de suivi de la pêche artisanale maritime, une étude sur la production des thonidés débarqués a été réalisée. Elle avait pour but d’obtenir les informations indispensables à une estimation de la capture nationale de thonidés, à l’égard de la problématique de la sécuritéalimentaire. La méthodologie utilisée a consisté à collecter les données chaque jour par des techniciens des structures de recherches de 2014 à 2017, sur les sites de débarquements d’abobodoumé, de zimbabwé et du port. Les résultats obtenus indiquent une similarité dans les productions de 2014 à 2016 avec une augmentation en importante en 2017 due à l’intérêt que suscite la pêche des thonidés chez les pêcheurs. Compte tenu des prises importantes de ces espèces de poisson, une organisation rigoureuse des activités pourrait militer davantage en faveur des moyens et stratégies à mettre en oeuvre pour assurer le renforcement de la sécurité alimentaire dans ce sous-secteur de la pêche.Mots clés : Thonidés, Pêcheurs artisans, Production, Sécurité alimentaire, Côte d’Ivoire

Absorption Cross Sections of NH_3, NH_2D, NHD_2, and ND_3 in the Spectral Range 140-220 nm and Implications for Planetary Isotopic Fractionation

Cross sections for photoabsorption of NH_3, NH_2D, NHD_2, and ND_3 in the spectral region 140-220 nm were determined at ~298 K using synchrotron radiation. Absorption spectra of NH_2D and NHD_2 were deduced from spectra of mixtures of NH_3 and ND_3, of which the equilibrium concentrations for all four isotopologues obey statistical distributions. Cross sections of NH_2D, NHD_2, and ND_3 are new. Oscillator strengths, an integration of absorption cross sections over the spectral lines, for both A ← X and B ← X systems of NH_3 agree satisfactorily with previous reports; values for NH_2D, NHD_2, and ND_3 agree with quantum chemical predictions. The photolysis of NH_3 provides a major source of reactive hydrogen in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere of giant planets such as Jupiter. Incorporating the measured photoabsorption cross sections of NH_3 and NH_2D into the Caltech/JPL photochemical diffusive model for the atmosphere of Jupiter, we find that the photolysis efficiency of NH_2D is lower than that of NH_3 by as much as 30%. The D/H ratio in NH_2D/NH_3 for tracing the microphysics in the troposphere of Jupiter is also discussed

Absorption cross sections of HCl and DCl at 135-232 nanometers: implications for photodissociation on Venus

Cross sections for photoabsorption of HCl and DCl are determined in the spectral region of 135-232 nm using radiation from a synchrotron light source. At wavelengths near the onset of absorption (λ > 200 nm), cross sections of HCl are approximately 5-10 times larger than those of DCl. These data are used to calculate rates of photodissociation of HCl and DCl in the Venusian atmosphere. For the entire wavelength region measured, the rate of photodissociation of DCl is only 16% that of HCl. The difference in rates of photodissociation contributes to the exceptionally large [D]/[H] ratio of the Venusian atmosphere

Enhancement of deuterated ethane on Jupiter

We report laboratory measurements of cross sections of CH_3D and C_2H_5D in the extreme ultraviolet. The results are incorporated in a photochemical model for the deuterated hydrocarbons up to C_2 in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter, taking into account the fast reactions for exchanging H and D atoms between H_2 and CH_4, H + HD ↔ D + H_2, CH_3 + D ↔ CH_2D + H. Since there is no reliable kinetics measurement for the reaction, CH_2D + H → CH_3 + D, we use Yung et al.'s estimate for its rate constant. The strong temperature dependence for this reaction leads to large isotopic fractionation for CH_3D and C_2H_5D in the upper atmosphere of Jupiter, where their production rates depend on the abundance of deuterated methyl radical. The model predicts that the D/H ratio in deuterated ethane is about 15 times that of the bulk atmosphere. A confirmation of this result would provide a sensitive test of the photochemistry of hydrocarbons in the atmosphere of Jupiter

One-pot thiol–amine bioconjugation to maleimides: simultaneous stabilisation and dual functionalisation

Maleimide chemistry is widely used in the site-selective modification of proteins. However, hydrolysis of the resultant thiosuccinimides is required to provide robust stability to the bioconjugates. Herein, we present an alternative approach that affords simultaneous stabilisation and dual functionalisation in a one pot fashion. By consecutive conjugation of a thiol and an amine to dibromomaleimides, we show that aminothiomaleimides can be generated extremely efficiently. Furthermore, the amine serves to deactivate the electrophilicity of the maleimide, precluding further reactivity and hence generating stable conjugates. We have applied this conjugation strategy to peptides and proteins to generate stabilised trifunctional conjugates. We propose that this stabilisation-dual modification strategy could have widespread use in the generation of diverse conjugates

Genetic Regulation of Platelet Receptor Expression and Function: Application in Clinical Practice and Drug Development

Understanding genetic contributions to platelet function could have profound clinical ramifications for personalizing platelet-directed pharmacotherapy, by providing insight into the risks and possible benefits associated with specific genotypes. This article represents an integrated summary of presentations related to genetic regulation of platelet receptor expression and function given at the Fifth Annual Platelet Colloquium in January 2010. It is supplemented with additional highlights from the literature covering 1) approaches to determining and evidence for the associations of genetic variants with platelet hypo- and hyperresponsive phenotypes, 2) the ramifications of these polymorphisms with regard to clinical responses to antiplatelet therapies, and 3) the role of platelet function/genetic testing in guiding antiplatelet therapy