What do we know about energy drinks?

Energy drinks are popular among young individuals andmarketed to college students, athletes, and active individualsbetween the ages of 21 and 35 years. In the beginningconsumption of energy drinks can significantlyimprove physical and mental performance. Energy drinkscontain a mixture of compounds, of which caffeine, guarana,and herbal supplements such as ginkgo and ginsengare major components. Unfortunately, the body ofliterature is limited and it is not known whether these improvementsare due to the caffeine other herbal ingredients.Severe clinical manifestations may occur after useof energy drinks with alcohol The aim of this article is risingawareness about the ingredients of energy drinks andclinical manifestations that may occur after usage and updateabout knowledge.Key words: Energy drinks, energy drinks ingredients,clinical manifestation

Paravertebral Block Combined with Sedation for a Myasthenic Patient Undergoing Breast Augmentation

Paravertebral block is a unilateral analgesic technique that can provide adequate surgical anesthesia and great advantages in many types of surgery with a low side-effect profile. In this case we present combination of bilateral thoracic paravertebral block under ultrasound guidance with sedation which provides complete anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in a myasthenic patient undergoing cosmetic breast surgery. In myasthenic patients paravertebral blocks may be a better option for breast surgery with avoiding the need for muscle relaxants and opioids and risk of respiratory failure in postoperative period

Performing of different types of anesthesia on the effect of postpartum maternal lactation

YÖK Tez No: 311306Yeni doğan bebeğin sağlıklı bir biçimde büyüyüp gelişmesinde anne sütünün önemi büyüktür. Birçok faktör annenin süt salgılamasını etkilemektedir. Sezaryen da, emzirmeye geç başlangıç için risk faktörüdür. Çalışmamızda; elektif sezeryan olgularında uygulanan genel anestezi, spinal anestezi ve epidural anestezi ile normal vajinal doğum yapan annelerin laktasyonı karşılaştırdık.Çalışmamızda yaşları 18?40 arası olan ve ASA II grubuna giren toplam 84 vaka incelendi. Çalışma kapsamına alınan olgular rastgele Grup G (Sezaryen operasyonu için genel anestezi uygulanan grup, n=21), Grup S (Sezaryen operasyonu için spinal anestezi uygulanan grup, n=21), Grup E (Sezaryen operasyonu için epidural anestezi uygulanan grup, n=21) ve Grup V (Spontan vajinal doğum yapan, anestezi almayan grup, n=21) olarak 4 gruba ayrıldı.Bütün gruplardaki olguların, doğum öncesi ve sonrası oksitosin, prolaktin, östrojen (E2) ve progesteron değerlerine bakıldı. Tüm olguların laktasyonlarının, doğumdan sonra kaçıncı saatte başladığı kaydedildi.Gruplar arasında yaş, kilo ve gebelik süreleri yönünden anlamlı fark yoktu. Grupların doğum öncesi anne sütünü etkileyebilen hormon düzeyleri arasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı. Doğum sonrasında ise genel anestezi grubunda prolaktin (p=0.011), normal doğum yapan grupta oksitosin (p=0.002) anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu.Anne sütünün gelme zamanının genel anestezi alan grupta anlamlı olarak geciktiği saptandı.The importance of breastmilk on healthy growing up of a newborn baby is very large. Many factors can influence the secretion of breastmilk. Caesarian section is a risk factor on late onset of breastfeeding. In our study we compared the lactation process by mothers who were undergoing elective Caesarian section under general anesthesia, spinal anesthesia, epidural anesthesia and normal vaginal birth.84 patients between 18-40 years old and with the risk of ASAII were included. Randomly the patients were divided into 4 groups: group G (Caesarian section under general anesthesia, n: 21), group S (Caesarian section under spinal anesthesia, n: 21), group E (Caesarian section under epidural anesthesia, n: 21), group V (spontaneous vaginal birth, without anesthesia, n: 21).By all patients oxytocin, prolactin, estrogen (E2) and progesteron values before and after operation and birth were recorded. By all patients were recorded how many hours after delivery the lactation began.There was no significant difference about age, weight and duration of pregnancy between all groups. In all groups there was no significant difference between hormon levels before delivery. Prolactin levels in group G and oxytocin levels in group V after delivery were significant higher than other groups.The time needed to begin lactation was significantly higher in group G

108-110Diagnosis of the Combination of Immune Thrombocytopenia and Woodhouse-Sakati Syndrome

Abstract Woodhouse-Sakati Syndrome (WSS) is a rare autosomal recessive syndrome characterized by sensorineural hearing loss, ECG ST-T changes, partial alopecia, hypogonadism, diabetes, and moderate mental retardation. A 23-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with complaints of purpura and petechial rashes. His platelet count was 3.04 x 10 9 /L and the peripheral blood smear was compatible with this count. No atypical cell was observed. He had mild mental retardation. He had hearing loss since childhood. Physical examination showed widespread petechiae and purpura on bilateral lower extremities. Significant growth retardation was detected and male pattern hair growth was less. In genital examination, bilateral testicles were small; penis length was 1 cm and it was 4 cm when elongated. T negativity was present in precordial derivations of ECG. He was diagnosed Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and WSS according to these findings. In addition to ITP treatment with steroids, the combination of testosterone propionate and testosterone phenyl propionatewas also administered to him. Upon we observed that there was an increase in his platelet number, he was discharged from the hospital. WSS is a very rare disease. Different components of the syndrome have been reported in different patients.It is the first time in the literature that ITP is observedtogether with WSS in a male patient

THE IMPORTANCE OF HIGH PLATELET-LYMPHOCYTE RATIO ON PROGNOSIS, DURATION OF HOSPITALISATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HOSPITAL INFECTION AMONG INTENSIVE CARE PATIENTS

6th International Eurasian Hematology Congress -- OCT 14-18, 2015 -- Antalya, TURKEYWOS: 000373175100091

Case Report Paravertebral Block Combined with Sedation for a Myasthenic Patient Undergoing Breast Augmentation

Paravertebral block is a unilateral analgesic technique that can provide adequate surgical anesthesia and great advantages in many types of surgery with a low side-effect profile. In this case we present combination of bilateral thoracic paravertebral block under ultrasound guidance with sedation which provides complete anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in a myasthenic patient undergoing cosmetic breast surgery. In myasthenic patients paravertebral blocks may be a better option for breast surgery with avoiding the need for muscle relaxants and opioids and risk of respiratory failure in postoperative period

CAN LEUKOCYTE SUBGROUPS OF CRITICAL PATIENTS BE AN INDICATOR FOR MORTALITY, DURATION OF HOSPITALISATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF HOSPITAL INFECTION?

6th International Eurasian Hematology Congress -- OCT 14-18, 2015 -- Antalya, TURKEYWOS: 000373175100086

Factors affecting the short and long term mortality of infected patients in intensive care unit

Amaç: Yoğun Bakım Ünitesindeki (YBÜ) enfeksiyöz hastalarda mortalite üzerinde etkili olabilecek risk faktörleri olan yaş, eşlik eden hastalıklar, prokalsitonin (PCT), C-reaktif protein (CRP), 25 -OH vitamin D düzeyi ve APACHE II skoru ile; bu parametrelerin yoğun bakımda ve hastane sonrası otuz ile doksan günlük mortalite arasındaki ilişkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Yöntem : Düzce Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi İç Hastalıları YBÜye 1 Eylül 2011 30 Ağustos 2012 tarihleri arasında enfeksiyon tanısı ile kabul e dilen 52 hasta prospektif olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Sepsis, YBÜde mortaliteyi belirgin artırmıştır. Eşlik eden hastalıklardan; hipertansiyon dışındakilerin taburculuk durumuna, 30 ve 90 günlük yaşam süresine ulaşmayla ilişkisi saptanmadı. Yatı ş laboratuar değerlerinde; CRP ve PCT yüksek, 25 -OH vitamin D ise düşük saptanmıştır. YBÜden taburculukta; yaş, 25 -OH vitamin D, PCT, APACHE IInin etkili olmadıkları, CRP artışının ölüm riski ile ilişkili olduğu görüldü. APACHE II skoru, otuz günlük yaşa mla; yaş ise, otuz ve doksan günlük yaşamla ilişkili bulunmuştur. YBÜ sonrası devredilen serviste yatış süresi uzun olanlarda, hastane sonrası yaşam süresinin yüksek olduğu saptanmıştır Sonuç : Sepsis, YBÜ mortalitesini, sepsisle beraber ileri yaş ta taburculuk sonrası 30 ve 90 günlük mortaliteyi artırabilir. APACHE II skoru, taburculuk sonrası uzun dönem sağkalım tahmininde kullanılabilir. PCT, CRP ve 25 - OH vitamin Dnin, YBÜ hastalarının takibi ve prognozunu belirlemede tek başl arına ideal yöntemler olarak kullanılmasının uygun olmadığı düşünülmektedir.Objective : We aimed to investigate the possible risk factors which could effect the mortality of infected patients in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) like age, concomitant diseases, Procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), vitamin D levels and APACHE II score. These parameters were also investigated for mortality during hospitalization period and thirty and ninety-day mortality after discharge from hospital. Method : Fifty -two in fected patients who were admitted to ICU of Duzce University School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine between 01 September 2011 to 30 August 2012 were evaluated prospectively. Results : Sepsis increased mortality rate in ICU significantly. Concomitant diseases except hypertension were not associated with discharge status, 30 and 90 daily life expectancy. In the first hospitalization day CRP and PCT were found to be high while 25 -OH vitami n D was found to be low. 25 -0H vitamin D and PCT levels and APACHE II score were not associated with discharge status from ICU. CRP has been associated with increased risk of death, while APACHE II score was associated with thirty and ninety days life expe ctancy. It was found that life expectancy is higher with longer duration of hospitalization after ICU. Conclusion : Sepsis may increase ICU mortality as well as advanced age with septicemia may increase 30th and 90th days mortality after discharge. APACHE I I score can be used to predict long -term survival after discharge. PCT, CRP and 25 -OH vitamin D were not considered as an ideal method alone for follow up and prognosis of ICU patients

The predictive effect of initial complete blood count of intensive care unit patients on mortality, length of hospitalization, and nosocomial infections

WOS: 000380260000006PubMed: 27160116OBJECTIVE: The mean platelet volume (MPV) can be used as an indicator of platelet activation. However, it has been shown that the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) can provide useful predictive information about inflammation and aggregation pathways. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) may also be helpful as a marker of systemic or local inflammation. The main objective of this study evaluated to unselected critically ill patients the relationship of initial MPV, NLR, and PLR with mortality, length of hospitalization, and the risk of developing nosocomial infections in ICU patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, we evaluated consecutive patients at our tertiary nine-bed ICU. One hundred seventy-three patients who were followed up during a 1-year period were included. RESULTS: MPV levels were found to be higher in patients who died in the hospital (p = 0.05). In addition, there was a significant positive correlation between expected mortality rate and MPV among non-survivors (p = 0.009). NLR levels were higher among non-survivors, but this difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.435). PLR levels were similar between non-survivors and survivors (p = 0.173). The initial NLR and PLR were significantly higher in patients with nosocomial infections. NLR and PLR had a significant positive correlation with length of hospitalization (p = 0.006 and p = 0.027, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In our study, we found that high PLR and NLR may be indicators for the development of nosocomial infections. Moreover, the length of hospitalization may be prolonged in patients with high PLR and NLR