Pengujian Struktur Program Dengan Pengujian Jalur Dasar (Basis Path Testing) : Teori Dan Aplikasi

Pengujian perangkat lunak adalah sebuah proses eksekusi program yang dilakukan untuk menemukan kesalahan-kesalahan (errors). Salah satu teknik yang digunakan adalah pengujian struktur program/kotak putih (structural/white box/glass box testing) dengan menggunakan pengujian jalur dasar (basis path testing). Pengujian jalur dasar adalah merupakan suatu teknik pengujian struktur program yang dilakukan berdasarkan jalur-jalur lojik yang ada. Jalur dasar (basis path) didefinisikan sebagai suatu jalur unik yang terdapat pada struktur program dimana tidak diperbolehkan terjadinya Perulangan lintasan jalur yang sama persis. Semua kemungkinan jalur dasar diidentifikasi dengan melakukan kombinasi-kombinasi jalur yang ada. Untuk bisa melakukan pengujian jalur dasar maka harus ditentukan dulu grafik alir (flow graph) yang diterjemahkan dari algoritma/flow chart struktur program yang akan diuji. Pengujian jalur dasar menggunakan cyclomatic complexity/number untuk mengukur tingkat kompleksitas dari struktur program yang akan diuji sekaligus sebagai dasar untuk menentukan kasus-kasus uji (test cases) yang akan dilakukan. Pada pembahasan artikel ini akan dijelaskan bagaimana menggambarkan grafik alir berdasarkan algoritma/flow chart yang akan diuji, menghitung cyclomatic complexity, menentukan jalur-jalur dasar dan mendefinisikan kasus-kasus uji yang akan dilakukan. Teknik pengujian jalur dasar diimplementasikan pada pengujian unit (unit testing) dan integrasi (integration testing). Teknik pengujian ini dapat digunakan untuk melakukan proses penjaminan mutu (quality assurance) terhadap produk perangkat lunak sebelum diserahkan kepada pengguna (customer). Kata kunci--grafik alir, jalur dasar, simpul, sisi, cyclomatic complexity, kasus uji Pengujian Struktur Program Dengan Pengujian Jalur Dasar (Basis Path Testing) : Teori Dan Aplikas

Arsip Foto Universitas Diponegoro sebagai Memori Korporat: Landasan Digitalisasi Arsip Foto

This paper discusses about digitalization of Diponegoro University' courtesy photo archives. These efforts done through transferring conventional photo to electronic media, and then to perform it on website. Finally, as concluding remark that photo archives management base on website become quicker and easier of archives retrival possible

Factors Associated with Treatment and Control Sustainability among Patients with Lung Cancer

Background: Treatment and control program for patients faces a mutual challenge like non-adherence. Non-adherence is a multifaceted concept. The focus may be not only on taking drugs but also on timing, discontinuation, and persistence. Non-adherence is also affected by patient–provider relationship as well as systemic organizational factors. This study aimed to explore factors associated with the sustainability of treatment and control program among patients with lung cancer, using Uncertainty Management Theory (UMT). Subjects and Method: This was a qualitative study with phenomenology approach carried out at RA. Kartini Hospital, Jepara, Central Java. A sample of 22 patients who were diagnosed with lung cancer was selected for this study. The dependent variable was treatment and control sustainability. The independent variables were doctor's response, clarity about treatment, waiting time, consultation time, consistency of information, bureaucracy, distance, and income. The data were collected by in-depth interview and analyzed by thematic analysis. Results: Overall, patients were satisfied with the doctor's response to questions, clarity about treatment options, length of time spent with each physician, and consistency of information clinicians. The complexity of bureaucracy, long waiting time, dimension of interval, and the distance traveled to complete each stage of treatment, affected the sustainability of treatment and control program. These things were trigger the uncertainty of the patient. This study also found that patients who were uncertain about their illness chose to avoid treatment and control, and thereby tended to be non-compliant with the clinical guideline. Patients were also concerned with the travel cost to get treatment and examination. The health insurance also has limited coverage of the costs. Conclusions: Patients diagnosed with lung cancer decide not to continue treatment because of the complexity of bureaucracy, distance, long waiting time, pro¬longed treatment procedure, and travel cost. Keywords: lung cancer, treatment and control program, sustainability, patient

Proses Berpikir Kreatif Siswa Climber Dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Pada Materi Peluang

This study aimed to describe the process of creative thinking of students in XI grade IPA-2 SMA Negeri 1 Polanharjo that have AQ climber characteristic in the mathematics problem solving in quiet materials based on Wallas steps, they are: preparation, incubation, illumination and verification. The approach t used in this study is qualitative approach. The collecting data in this study used task based on interview method. The process of creative thinking of the climber student in the mathematics problem solving in probability materials, are: (1) in the preparation step, students were enthusiastically when they were given problem solving task. The students explain the case that they knowed and asked in complete and correct with some way, that were: (a) writing the steps and changing into examples, (b) just writing the steps, (c) just changing the case that known in examples; (2) in the incubation step, when the students are understanding probability of event, they: (a)are practising that probability, (b) focus to understand on the problem, (c) less focus to understand on the problem. Then students get an idea by making a complete diagram then multiply the possibilities of occuring on the first and second taking; (3) in the illumination step, student counts probability values are based on complete diagram to sum possibillity of the relevant probability. Students get the new way, that: (a) are the uncomplete diagram and probability formulas, (b) the uncomplete diagram, (c) probability formulas. Students explain the origin of the new way found. Students finish the problem with the new way; (4) in the verification step, students retest all the cases having done befound and corrected the obtained probability values using the old and new way, both of them get the same and correct result

Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Praktik Kesehatan Reproduksi Remaja di SMA Negeri 1 Purbalingga Kabupaten Purbalingga

Background: Youth behavior is becoming more permissive in terms of sexual interaction. These matters generate many cases of unwanted pregnancy and abortion. This research is aimed to know the factors influencing youth reproduction health practices in SMA 1 Purbalingga, district of Purbalingga by using a cross sectional study.Method: This study applies quantitative using questionnaires for data collection from 110 samples and combines with a qualitative using in-depth interview.Results: This study revealed that respondents' level of knowledge in term of sexual health is mostly at sufficient level. The attitude of respondents is mostly still traditional and supported to have sexual practices such as abstinence. Most respondents admitted that their parents have no skill to inform them about reproductive issues. So they prefer to access informationfrom friends and media. Bivariate analysis shows that knowledge, parent's role and media have significantly correlated with youth reproductive health practices. However respondent attitude and teacher's role factors have no correlation with reproductive health practices

Implementasi Cross Layer Enchenched Packet Scheduling Paket Multimedia Untuk Jaringan Ofdm Uplink Di Bawah Redaman Hujan

In the previous network, optimization is often done on a separate layer and the result is less than optimal. Therefore, developed a new scheme to combine multiple layers of network protocol called Cross-Layer, for example in the physical layer and link layer. In this final project will be evaluated applying Cross-Layer Optimization methods with emphasis on the evaluation of scheduling schemes of OFDM uplink transmission of multimedia data packets using Enhanced Cross-Layer Packet Scheduling (CEPS) under rain attenuation. The results showed that the use of scheduling CEPS give effect to video and voice traffic is real-time priority in scheduling and packet loss and delay as small as possible while the data traffic (FTP) with a delay that can be tolerated can log buffer considering fairness and physical layer conditions

Respon Padi Transgenik CV. Nipponbare Generasi T1 Yang Mengandung Gen Oryza Sativa Dehydration-response Element Binding 1a (Osdreb1a) Terhadap Cekaman Salinitas [Response of T1 Generation Transgenic Rice CV. Nipponbare Containing an Oryza Sativa Dehydration-response Element Binding 1a (Osdreb1a) Gene to Salinity Stress]

Salinity is one of the abiotic constraints in the cultivation of rice crop. One of the reasons agricultural land becomes saline is due to the intrusion of seawater into the mainland as a result of global climate change. Dehydration-responsive element binding (DREB) gene is a plant -specific transcription factor gene that have important role in regulating plant responses to abiotic stresses, including high salinity. Transgenic rice plants cv. Nipponbare carrying OsDREB1A gene have been generated. However, study of the response of putative transgenic plants to salinity has not been done. The research objective is to study the response of T1 generation Nipponbare-OsDREB1A transgenic rice plants to salinity stress. The result showed that the response of putative transgenic rice Nipponbare-OsDREB1A to salinity stress 25 mM and 150 mM NaCl indicated a level of tolerance varies from highly sensitive to highly tolerance. These variations were possibly occurred because of the segregation state of the T1 generation transgenic rice. Based on damage symptom scoring and PCR analysis provided information that transgenic rice plant cv. Nipponbare-OsDREB1A which showed positive PCR had a very high tolerance to salinity stress 150 mM compared with non-transgenic rice cv. Nipponbare

Construction and Transformation of OsERA1 Gene Into Expression Vector and Response of Nipponbare-OsERA1 Transgenic Rice to Drought Stress

Drought stress is a major constrain which could influence rice productivity. Enhanced Response to ABA1 (ERA1) gene encoding a β-subunit farnesyltransferase enzyme plays a role to control sensitivity of the guard cells to abscisic acid (ABA), hence regulating drought stress response in plant species including rice. This study aimed to clone the OsERA1 gene into expression vector, introduce it into rice plant, and confirm the positive OsERA1-rice plants conferring drought tolerance. This study was initiated by isolation of the OsERA1 gene from rice cDNAs and cloned it to an expression vector cassette, pCAMBIA1301. The cassette harboring OsERA1 gene was introduced into rice plant cv. Nipponbare mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404.Putative transgenic lines were detected using PCR and Southern blot analyses to confirm the inserted transgene and the positive lines were assayed their tolerance to drought. The OsERA1 gene was successfully isolated and constructed into expression vector to generate pCAMBIA1301-OsERA1. Introduction of the gene into Nipponbare has produced nine putative transgenic rice lines, of which, six lines harbored OsERA1 gene. Southern blot analysis of sixteen T2 plants from two PCR-positive transgenic lines revealed1–3 copies of transgene were integrated into rice genome of transgenic lines. Five transgenic lines of Nipponbare-OsERA1 showed better response to drought at vegetative phase compared to control in term of recovery ability. At generative phase, the five transgenic lines yielded less unfilled grains compared to control. Overall, the transgenic lines obtained from this study could bepotential candidates for developing rice varieties tolerant to drought