Note on MIL-STD-1235 (ORD) Continuous Sampling Procedures for Markov-Dependent Processes

The paper extends the procedures of single and two-level continuous sampling plans for Markov-dependent processes under a non-replacement assumption. The average outgoing quality (AOQ) of these plans have been obtained under this assumption. It has been shown that, when the serial correlation coefficient of the Markov chain is positive, it is improper to use Dodge-type plans as the actual average outgoing quality limit (AOQL) in the plans for Markov-dependence exceeds the desired one under Dodge-type plans

Renewal Theory Applications to Continuous Inspection of Markovian Production Processes

Theory of renewal processes has been used to study the effectiveness of three continuous sampling schemes, when the quality of the successive units in a continuous production process follows a two-state time-homogeneous Markov chain model which comprises the iid Bernoulli model considered by Dodge. The average outgoing quality and operating characteristics functions have been formulated and some numerical results have been given when the serial correlation coefficient of the Markov chain is assumed to be known a priori

Mechanical and Tribological Behaviour of Treated and Untreated Moringa Oleifera Pods Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Polymer Composite for Packaging Applications

Researchers now focus on the use of natural fiber polymer composites materials for packing applications. This attention is due to their low cost and renewable characteristics. Fabrication of composites with the use of renewable resources has many benefits of alternating from an appropriate management and reduction in industrial wastages, ecofriendly behaviour to cost effectiveness. The artificial fibers in packing industries can be replaced by natural fibers in the areas where stiffness and high strength are not the primary requirement. In the last decade the use of Natural fibers in the place of artificial fibers for reinforcements in epoxy resin matrix ratio has been gaining momentum. In this work, the different quantity of treated and untreated Moringa pods Oleifera fiber were reinforced LV5012 CNSL hardener with LY556 Epoxy by using hand lay-up technique. Mechanical behaviour (tensile, flexural and impact), Tribological and water absorption behaviour are evaluated. The microstructural analysis of fabricated composite was done by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to analysis the fiber strength, internal fiber failure, cracks and interfacial properties of the fractured surfaces. Based on the results, treated MOPF polymer composites have found better mechanical, wear and water absorption properties to be used for packaging applications compared with untreated MOPF polymer composites

Basal delamination during mouse gastrulation primes pluripotent cells for differentiation

The blueprint of the mammalian body plan is laid out during gastrulation, when a trilaminar embryo is formed. This process entails a burst of proliferation, the ingression of embryonic epiblast cells at the primitive streak, and their priming toward primitive streak fates. How these different events are coordinated remains unknown. Here, we developed and characterized a 3D culture of self-renewing mouse embryonic cells that captures the main transcriptional and architectural features of the early gastrulating mouse epiblast. Using this system in combination with microfabrication and in vivo experiments, we found that proliferation-induced crowding triggers delamination of cells that express high levels of the apical polarity protein aPKC. Upon delamination, cells become more sensitive to Wnt signaling and upregulate the expression of primitive streak markers such as Brachyury. This mechanistic coupling between ingression and differentiation ensures that the right cell types become specified at the right place during embryonic development