DISSOCIATIVE PHENOMENOLOGY AND GENERAL HEALTH IN NORMAL POPULATION

Background: Dissociative symptoms are most commonly found in females and adolescents, and when discussing their background, they can be from lower socio-economic backgrounds and rural areas. They are always preceded by psychosocial stressors. Dissociative disorders previously known as “hysteria” have been described since antiquity and Hippocrates even hypothesised “wandering uterus” to be the cause for dissociation in females. With the advances in science, there has been shift from these religious and spiritual concepts to a scientific basis for dissociation. Aim: To assess the dissociative phenomenology in normal population and to assess the subjective health in normal population. Methods: A group of 100 (50 females & 50 males) were selected from the community using a snowball sampling technique. Tools: Socio-demographic data sheet, General Health Questionnaire-12 and Dissociative Experience Scale-II were used. Results: The study found that females differ from males in the reporting of subjective health rating (X2=5.76, p=0.01) and similar results shown in terms of dissociative phenomenology (X2=67.76, p=0.001). Discussion: It has been found that only 4% from the female group and 2% from the male group rated their health under the “normal” category. 52% of females and 64% of males were categorised under “mild ill health” and 24% to 26% were in “moderate ill health”, whereas 20% of female participants and 8% of male participants rated their health as “severely ill”. In another domain of the study, dissociative phenomenology, 32% of female participants reported severe dissociative symptoms and 38% of male participants also showed similar results. Conclusion: Dissociative disorder significantly affects the population but it is hard to diagnose due to factors such as; cultural factors, socio-economic factors etc. The study shows clearly that dissociative symptoms are found in the general population also

Dynamic Soil Structure Interaction Analysis of Pile Supported High Rise Structures

Experiences from past earthquake disasters clearly shows that the ground motion was responsible for majority of property and life loss. Among the collapsed structures during the 1964 Niigata earthquake, the 1995 Kobe earthquake, the 1999 Koceli earthquake, the 2001 Bhuj earthquake and the 2004 Sumatra earthquake, excessive damage was occurred to pile supported bridges, towers, chimneys, high rise structures, etc. In view of this there is a need to study the complex behavior of soil-pile-structure interaction problems using numerical methods. In this research paper, a numerical study is carried out to understand the dynamic soil structure interaction of a high rise structure in a visco elastic half space in the presence of near by pile supported structures. The structure soil structure interaction is modelled by considering the direct methodology using a Finite element method based code ANSYS 10. Initially a two dimensional study is carried out for understanding the seismic response of group of high rise structures supported on pile foundations. The linear super structures are considered as framed structures of different dynamic characteristics suported on group of piles. Different case studies are made one in which the group effect of structures supported on piles are considered like group of two identical structures, group of three identical structures and group of three different structures, second one in which the effect of variability in structure height is considered like 5 storey structure, 10 storey structure and 15 storey structure and the third one in which the effect of variability in structure shape is considered. For each case the effect of structure soil structure interaction on seismic response is compared with fixed base response