Identifying predictors of peritraumatic distress among 9-1-1 telecommunicators: the role of family violence and emotion regulation

Emergency responders have been underrepresented in the literature, though it has been noted that they experience greater amounts of distress than the general public. Greater distress has been found to increase the likelihood of developing psychopathology, such as PTSD, and so identifying predictors of distress may assist in decreasing the prevalence of PTSD. Past research has found that witnessing family violence in childhood and emotion dysregulation have been associated with higher amounts of peritraumatic distress. The current study looked to investigate 9-1-1 telecommunicators specifically, and thus it was hypothesized that, among 9-1-1 telecommunicators, emotion regulation difficulties would mediate the link between witnessing family violence in childhood and duty-related peritraumatic distress. Participants were recruited from around the country to complete an extensive survey that included measures of family violence, emotion regulation, and peritraumatic distress related to the participant's worst 9-1-1 call (N = 808). Analyses revealed that the hypothesized mediation model was not significant, although significant associations were found between emotion regulation difficulties and peritraumatic distress and between witnessing family violence and peritraumatic distress. Future research is needed to explore other predictors of peritraumatic distress among 9-1-1 telecommunicators, as greater duty-related distress enhances risk for other adverse outcomes, such as PTSD and depression.B.S. (Bachelor of Science

Adverse Consequences to Assisting Victims of Campus Violence: Initial Investigations Among College Students

Despite growing interest in the use of bystander education programs to address the problems of sexual and relationship violence on college campuses, little knowledge exists on adverse consequences experienced by students intervening as a bystander. The current study examined the prevalence and correlates of adverse consequences of bystander intervention in two samples of first-year college students. In Study 1, 281 students completed a measure of negative consequences experienced when acting as a bystander to help someone at risk of sexual assault, relationship abuse, or stalking. Efficacy for bystander behavior was also assessed. Approximately one third of the students (97/281) reported having tried to help someone who had been at risk of violence during the previous academic year. Of these, approximately 17% (16/97) reported experiencing a negative consequence from having tried to help. Experiencing negative consequences was associated with lower levels of bystander efficacy. In Study 2, conducted at a different university, 299 students completed measures of negative consequences resulting from intervening as a bystander and efficacy for bystander behavior. Students also participated in virtual-reality simulations that provided opportunities to intervene as a bystander. Again, approximately one third of the students (99/299) reported having tried to help someone at risk of violence. Of these, 20% (20/99) reported experiencing a negative consequence. Two of the adverse consequences (physically hurt, got into trouble) were negatively associated with bystander efficacy and observed effectiveness of bystander behavior in the virtual simulations. Results of exploratory analyses suggest that training in bystander intervention might reduce the likelihood of experiencing adverse consequences

Measuring Teen Dating Violence Perpetration: A Comparison of Cumulative and Single Assessment Procedures

Teen dating violence (TDV) is a widespread and harmful public health concern. The measurement of TDV has undergone some debate, with some researchers suggesting current measurement methods are suboptimal. The current study evaluates the use of cumulative assessments, a measurement method used previously in research on mental health and TDV victimization, to measure TDV perpetration. We hypothesized prevalence of frequency estimates of TDV perpetration would be higher when measured with cumulative assessments compared to a single report. Additionally, we hypothesized TDV perpetration measured cumulatively would more strongly relate to criterion variables than TDV perpetration measured with a single report. A sample of court-referred adolescents (n = 147, 14-17 years old) was recruited and invited into the lab for a baseline assessment, where they completed demographic questions and measures of criterion variables, including externalizing symptoms, exposure to community violence, and attitudes about dating. Adolescents were invited back to the lab for a 3-month follow-up assessment, where they reported on their TDV perpetration across the past 3 months. Between baseline and the 3-month follow-up, participants were contacted for phone interviews every 2-weeks and reported on their TDV perpetration in the past 2-weeks. All six phone interviews were aggregated to form a cumulative measure of TDV across the 3-month period. Results indicated the cumulative assessments of TDV evidenced greater prevalence for physical and emotional TDV compared to single reports, and greater frequency for all types of TDV compared to single reports. Furthermore, overall TDV was more strongly related to externalizing symptoms when measured cumulatively rather than with a single assessment, and sexual TDV was more strongly related to exposure to community violence when measured cumulatively rather than with a single assessment. Findings from the current study highlight the potential benefits of utilizing cumulative assessments in the measurement of TDV perpetration

'Frederick Douglass : Witness to Early Scottish Photography', Common Good and Colonialism: How Does Collective Relate To The Common Good? (Study Resource)

'Frederick Douglass : Witness To Early Scottish Photography' has been published in one of three forthcoming Common Good Study Resource zines produced by Annette Krauss for her exhibition 'A Matter of Precedents' at the Collective, Edinburgh, 2023. Zine 2 pg 77-87 In 2020 I published two texts on Frederick Douglas and his connections to early Scottish Photography (see https://radar.gsa.ac.uk/8900/ and https://radar.gsa.ac.uk/8899/) The article commissioned and published by the National Galleries of Scotland has been republished in one of three forthcoming Common Good Study Resource zines for the Collective in Edinburgh, 2023 (May 2023). In summer 2022, Collective presented three new, distinct artist commissions across the City Observatory site and online. Using the City Observatory site as a springboard, Collective’s programme considered the hidden histories and untold stories relating to our site and wider cultural history. Bringing together new work by Annette Krauss, Ruth Ewan, and Satellites participant Camara Taylor, our summer programme of solo exhibitions and related events reframed and questioned complex figures, movements and systems whose legacies are woven into our collective cultural memory. All three projects were developed with the artists, in some cases over a number of years, to explore how the legacies of the past can be reconsidered and re-presented to help us re-imagine the present and future. A Matter of Precedents Artist, educator, and writer Annette Krauss has been working with Collective over several years on A Matter of Precedents, a research project exploring the ‘common good’. Annette’s collaborative work is dedicated to practices of ‘unlearning’ and ‘commoning’, addressing questions of institutional responsibilities, feminism, and privilege. A Matter of Precedents examined the City Observatory’s status and designation as a ‘common good asset’ and was developed in dialogue with a number of people involved in Collective’s redevelopment of the site, alongside artists and cultural thinkers. The ‘common good’ is a form of collective property, unique to Scotland, comprising buildings, land, structures, and monuments gifted to the people of a specific area. Categorised as ‘common good’, these items are today managed by local councils and their partners for the good of the people. Developing on Annette’s long-term research on the commons, A Matter of Precedents considered the specificity and lack of visibility of the Scottish commons, particularly in Edinburgh; and draws on Collective’s journey to the City Observatory as a way to study the (imaginative) potential of the ‘common good’ as a particular legal, historically philanthropic, early capitalist anomaly entangled with colonial histories. In the face of the increasing pressures of commercialisation and privatisation of public space in our cities, A Matter of Precedents sought to understand the obligations, responsibilities, and restrictions around the use of common good items as opportunities for public agency. A research resource was presented in Collective’s City Observatory Library, with an online presentation launching in 2023. Materials have been brought together to demystify and expose some of the legal mechanisms and institutional processes around publicly owned items. The resource includes a map of the common good sites in Edinburgh, based on the 2018/19 and 2020/21 Edinburgh City Council Common Good Registers; ​​and interviews with those involved in Collective’s particular activation of the common good, alongside artists and cultural thinkers who have encountered issues surrounding the common good in their own communities and work. The three zines act as a record of the project, a sort of reader, and as a resource for further study: holding transcripts of recorded conversations, previously published articles, and two new writings. Much of this gathers in printed form the contributions made for a display in the library at Collective which was in place during the summer, whether that be audio interviews or material added to a Study Board, and those offered as part of public walks that happened in May around common good items. Many of the common good statues and buildings connect to histories and figures whose legacies are connect to colonialism. My work has been included to make connections in space/ time between historical figures, especially Frederick Douglass and the Free Church of Scotland

College Students’ Feelings of Campus Connectedness, Party Safety Behavior and Intervening to Prevent Sexual Assault and Intimate Partner Violence

Objective: This research examines associations between college students’ feelings of campus connectedness and two types of prosocial bystander intervention behavior to prevent sexual assault: party safety behavior and intervening in high-risk situations. Method: Short-term longitudinal associations between college students’ feelings of campus connectedness and bystander intervention behavior were examined in three studies. Study 1 (n = 213) examined these associations over a 1-month period. Study 2 (n = 557) was designed to replicate findings from Study 1 in a larger, more diverse sample. Study 3 (n = 730) was designed to replicate and extend findings with party safety behavior from Studies 1 and 2 over a 2-month period. Study 3 also examined whether frequency of party attendance and feelings of responsibility might help explain the association between campus connectedness and party safety behavior. In each of the three studies, students were recruited from multiple universities; students reported on feelings of campus connectedness at baseline and on bystander behavior at baseline and follow-up assessments. Results: In each study, students’ feelings of campus connectedness predicted party safety behavior at follow-up, controlling for party safety behavior at baseline. Feelings of campus connectedness were not associated with intervening in high-risk situations. In Study 3, frequency of party attendance and feelings of responsibility did not explain the association between campus connectedness and party safety behavior. Conclusion: Feelings of campus connectedness may be important to consider in campus efforts to prevent sexual assault

The Grizzly, November 18, 1983

No More Heat? • Electron Scope Donated • Letters to the Editor: Critical Appraisal Needed • Hazard: The Grizzly Interview Part Two (A Year Ago) • Like to Write? • Women\u27s Basketball: Short in Stature, Tall in Talent • Women\u27s Swim Team Optimistic • Bear Blades Shooting for Third Straight Perfect Season • Brown Qualifies for Nationals • U.C. Soccer Captures Regional Title • Grizzlies Achieve Several Pre-season Goals • Men\u27s Swimming Looking for Strong Seasonhttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1108/thumbnail.jp

The Grizzly, February 3, 1984

Chancellor Helfferich Dies At 85 • Book Situation Better But Not Great • First Year Job Seminar Held • Workshops To Be Held • Gibson To Speak • Electron Scope: DOA • Richter Proud Of Ursinus College • Remembering Helfferich • Lantern Enters National Competition • Letter To The Editor • Wellness Week At Ursinus • Forum Starts Semester • Allen Flick Is No Sleeper • UC Appoints New Vice Presidents • Red and Gold Days Prove Successful • Coffee-House Blues • Evening Of The Absurd At Ursinus • Buddy Holly 25 Years Ago Today • French Film Tickles Viewers • Evening Course At Ursinus • WRUC Increases Audience • Old Men\u27s Gets New Machines • Bears Hoopsters Hit a Cold Spell • Aquabears Crush Opponents As They Roll to MAC • Winning Streak in Fencing Continues • Aquabearettes Drown Widener • Lady Bears Bid For Strong Finish • Gymnasts Show Potential • Wrestlers Vie For MAC Championshiphttps://digitalcommons.ursinus.edu/grizzlynews/1111/thumbnail.jp

Multivariate methods and software for association mapping in dose¿response genome¿wide association studies

Abstract Background The large sample sizes, freedom of ethical restrictions and ease of repeated measurements make cytotoxicity assays of immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines a powerful new in vitro method in pharmacogenomics research. However, previous studies may have over‐simplified the complex differences in dose‐response profiles between genotypes, resulting in a loss of power. Methods The current study investigates four previously studied methods, plus one new method based on a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) design. A simulation study was performed using differences in cancer drug response between genotypes for biologically meaningful loci. These loci also showed significance in separate genome‐wide association studies. This manuscript builds upon a previous study, where differences in dose‐response curves between genotypes were constructed using the hill slope equation. Conclusion Overall, MANOVA was found to be the most powerful method for detecting real signals, and was also the most robust method for detection using alternatives generated with the previous simulation study. This method is also attractive because test statistics follow their expected distributions under the null hypothesis for both simulated and real data. The success of this method inspired the creation of the software program MAGWAS. MAGWAS is a computationally efficient, user‐friendly, open source software tool that works on most platforms and performs GWASs for individuals having multivariate responses using standard file formats

Genome-wide association and pharmacological profiling of 29 anticancer agents using lymphoblastoid cell lines

Association mapping with lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) is a promising approach in pharmacogenomics research, and in the current study we utilize this model to perform association mapping for 29 chemotherapy drugs

A genome-wide association analysis of temozolomide response using lymphoblastoid cell lines reveals a clinically relevant association with MGMT

Recently, lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) have emerged as an innovative model system for mapping gene variants that predict dose response to chemotherapy drugs. In the current study, this strategy was expanded to the in vitro genome-wide association approach, using 516 LCLs derived from a Caucasian cohort to assess cytotoxic response to temozolomide. Genome-wide association analysis using approximately 2.1 million quality controlled single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified a statistically significant association (p < 10−8) with SNPs in the O6-methylguanine–DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) gene. We also demonstrate that the primary SNP in this region is significantly associated with differential gene expression of MGMT (p< 10−26) in LCLs, and differential methylation in glioblastoma samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The previously documented clinical and functional relationships between MGMT and temozolomide response highlight the potential of well-powered GWAS of the LCL model system to identify meaningful genetic associations