Nanopore Sensing Of Peptides And Proteins

In recent years the application of single-molecule techniques to probe biomolecules and intermolecular interactions at single-molecule resolution has expanded rapidly. Here, I investigate a series of peptides and proteins in an attempt to gain a better understanding of nanopore sensing as a single-molecule technique. The analysis of retro, inversed, and retro-inversed isomers of glucagon and α-helical Fmoc-D2A10K2 peptide showed that nanopore sensing utilizing a wild-type α-hemolysin pore can distinguish between all four isomers while circular dichroism can only distinguish between chiral isomers, but not between directional isomers. The investigation of a series of proteins of different chemical and physical properties revealed important information about nanopore analysis of proteins. Contrary to some reports in the literature, all proteins analysed here induced large blockade events. The frequency of total events and the proportion of large blockade events were significantly reduced in tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane or 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazine-1-ethanesulfonic acid buffers and were only restored by the addition of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or the use of phosphate buffer, both of which can sequester metal ions. Furthermore, the results obtained with the proteins in the presence of ligands demonstrated that transient or partial unfolding of proteins can be detected by nanopore analysis confirming the usefulness of this technique for conformational studies or for protein/ligand interactions. Interestingly, while the blockade current histograms were different for each protein there was no obvious correlation between the properties of the proteins and the blockade current histograms. In an attempt to identify whether the large blockade events were translocation or intercalation, both an indirect and a direct approach were taken. The indirect approach which relies on the effect of voltage on the interaction of the molecule with the pore provided no conclusive answer to the question of protein translocation through the α-hemolysin pore. In contrast, the direct approach in which ribonuclease A is added to the cis side of the pore and then the trans side is tested for enzyme activity showed that ribonuclease A doesn't translocate through the α-hemolysin pore

Cranial Injuries with Screwdriver – UCCK

In terms of anatomy, the human body is very complicated. Moreover it represents an entire structure of a human being. What makes it very unique is the way of its composition; different and diverse types of cells and everything is connected to everything else. A combination of cells create tissues which then those tissues create the organ systems. Therefore, in this study presentation I will present the importance of brain as an organ, with a focus on the cranial Injury with a screwdriver. One of the most important and complicated parts of the body is the human head

MENADŽERSKE PERCEPCIJE IZVOZNIH BARIJERA: UVID DOBIVEN ANKETOM PROVEDENOM U ICT TVRTKAMA NA KOSOVU

This study investigates the managerial perceptions of export barriers of Kosovo ICT companies and provides some policy proposals. For this purpose, the study uses a survey of owners or managers of the ICT companies in Kosovo. The data collected through an online questionnaire survey using a Qualtrics platform were analysed. The survey results reveal four significant export barriers: external institutional barriers, such as visa requirement for Kosovo to visit companies in EU and access to international markets, financing issues for scaling up and growth and human resources barriers, and difficulties in having comprehensive information about the target markets and finding the right partner. Findings from the factor analysis clustered barriers to export into four groups: (1) formal and informal institutions; (2) market information and networking; (3) skills, technical capacities, and quality standards; and (4) International branding, visa requirement and lack of government support. The findings will help boost the growth potential ICT sector, address their needs, and raise policy awareness of the importance of the ICT sector for generating employment and economic growth. The study provides critical practical implications and policy recommendations for government, business associations and ICT companies.U ovom istraživanju ispituju se menadžerske percepcije izvoznih barijera kosovskih ICT tvrtki i predlažu strategije. U tu svrhu u istraživanju je provedena anketa među vlasnicima ili menadžerima ICT tvrtki na Kosovu. Analizirani su podaci prikupljeni online upitnikom na platformi Qualtrics. Rezultati ankete otkrivaju četiri značajne izvozne barijere: vanjske institucionalne barijere, kao što je vizni režim za građane Kosova za posjet tvrtkama u EU i pristup međunarodnim tržištima, pitanja financiranja za povećanje i rast i za prepreke u ljudskim resursima, te poteškoće u dobivanju sveobuhvatnih informacija o ciljanim tržištima i pronalaženje pravog partnera. Nalazi faktorske analize grupiraju izvozne barijere u četiri skupine: (1) formalne i neformalne institucije; (2) informacije o tržištu i umrežavanje; (3) vještine, tehnički kapaciteti i standardi kvalitete i (4) međunarodno brendiranje, vizni režim i nedostatak državne potpore. Nalazi će pomoći jačanju potencijala rasta ICT sektora, rješavanju njihovih potreba i podizanju političke svijesti o važnosti ICT sektora za stvaranje radnih mjesta i gospodarski rast. Ovo istraživanje pruža praktične implikacije i prijedloge strategija za vladu, poslovna udruženja i ICT tvrtke

GIBRATOV ZAKON I JOVANOVIĆEVA TEORIJA UČENJA: EMPIRIJSKI TEST ZA MALA PODUZEĆA U POST-KONFLIKTNOM GOSPODARSKOM OKRUŽENJU

This article tests the validity of Gibrat’s Law and Jovanovic’s learning theory for growing small and medium-sized firms (SMEs) in post-conflict economy of Kosovo. Despite evolving body of evidence suggesting that Gibrat’s Law does not hold, there is a lack of empirical evidence from transitional and post-conflict economies. This study provides econometric analysis of the relationship of age, size and growth of SMEs. The article is based on pooled SME surveys conducted by Riinvest Institute (2004- 2006). Econometric findings show that Gibrat’s Law does not hold in all model specifications while support the conventional Jovanovic’s learning theory based on growth-size age model suggesting important policy implications for promotion of small firms in Kosovo.Ovaj članak testira validnost Gibratovog zakona i Jovanovićeve teorije učenja za rastuća mala i srednja poduzeća u post-konfliktnom gospodarstvu Kosova. Iako brojna istraživanja sugeriraju kako Gibratov zakon nije prihvaćen, nedostaju empirijska istraživanja iz tranzicijskih i post-konfliktnih ekonomija. Ovo istraživanje pruža ekonometrijsku analizu odnosa starosti, veličine i rasta malih i srednjih poduzeća. Članak se temelji na istraživanju malih i srednjih poduzeća koje je proveo Riinvest institut (2004-2006). Ekonometrijski rezultati ukazuju kako Gibratov zakon nije dokazan, dok je prihvaćena konvencionalna Jovanovićeva teorija učenja temeljena na modelu rast veličina-starost što rezultira važnim implikacijama za promociju malih poduzeća na Kosovu

HUGE MALFORMATION OF HEAD (ENCEPHALOCELA) CASE REPORT

The skull is one of the most important elements which serve to protect the human head, and including other organs with the jaw. With this being said, sometimes the skull is not strong enough such as when a baby is born, therefore a condition such as Encephalocele may appear. Encephalocele is a neural tube defect that may appear in Parietal Lobe, Occipital Lobe, and Anterior meaning the face of an individual. Moreover, the most common case is the Occipital Lobe, which is located in the back of the head, while Parietal in on the top of the hea

Barriers to cross-border trade in intermediate goods within regional value chains in the CEFTA region

This paper investigates the barriers to the development of regional supply chains to support the growth of regional trade in the CEFTA region. The paper first identifies the way in which regional FTAs such as CEFTA may bring about structural change and tendencies to either convergence or divergence among partner economies. Tendencies to agglomeration of benefits in countries with strong manufacturing sectors are identified. In the case of CEFTA we show that Serbia (and to some extent North Macedonia and Bosnia and Herzegovina) has used its policy of subsidising FDI in the manufacturing sector by establishing a network of special economic zones (SEZs) to gain an advantage on the regional market through boosting its capacity for the production of manufactured goods for export. We argue that the tendency towards economic divergence within CEFTA that this creates could potentially be offset by developing regional value chains to supply inputs to multinational companies based in SEZs. However, there are many barriers to the development of such cross-border regional value chains. The paper presents some qualitative research findings that reveal the range of barriers to the development of regional value chains involving SMEs. It concludes with some reflections of how policy could be focused to best reduce the barriers to regional value chains, with the aim of harnessing the opportunities offered by CEFTA to reverse the process of divergence among partner economies

GIBRATOV ZAKON I JOVANOVIĆEVA TEORIJA UČENJA: EMPIRIJSKI TEST ZA MALA PODUZEĆA U POST-KONFLIKTNOM GOSPODARSKOM OKRUŽENJU

This article tests the validity of Gibrat’s Law and Jovanovic’s learning theory for growing small and medium-sized firms (SMEs) in post-conflict economy of Kosovo. Despite evolving body of evidence suggesting that Gibrat’s Law does not hold, there is a lack of empirical evidence from transitional and post-conflict economies. This study provides econometric analysis of the relationship of age, size and growth of SMEs. The article is based on pooled SME surveys conducted by Riinvest Institute (2004- 2006). Econometric findings show that Gibrat’s Law does not hold in all model specifications while support the conventional Jovanovic’s learning theory based on growth-size age model suggesting important policy implications for promotion of small firms in Kosovo.Ovaj članak testira validnost Gibratovog zakona i Jovanovićeve teorije učenja za rastuća mala i srednja poduzeća u post-konfliktnom gospodarstvu Kosova. Iako brojna istraživanja sugeriraju kako Gibratov zakon nije prihvaćen, nedostaju empirijska istraživanja iz tranzicijskih i post-konfliktnih ekonomija. Ovo istraživanje pruža ekonometrijsku analizu odnosa starosti, veličine i rasta malih i srednjih poduzeća. Članak se temelji na istraživanju malih i srednjih poduzeća koje je proveo Riinvest institut (2004-2006). Ekonometrijski rezultati ukazuju kako Gibratov zakon nije dokazan, dok je prihvaćena konvencionalna Jovanovićeva teorija učenja temeljena na modelu rast veličina-starost što rezultira važnim implikacijama za promociju malih poduzeća na Kosovu

Herniated Lumbar Disc and Nursing Care

Spinal disc herniation, also known as a slipped disc, is a medical condition affecting the spine in which a tear in the outer, fibrous ring of an intervertebral disc allows the soft, central portion to bulge out beyond the damaged outer rings. Disc herniation is usually due to age-related degeneration of the outer ring, known as the anulus fibrosus, although trauma, lifting injuries, or straining have been implicated as well. Tears are almost always postero-lateral (on the back of the sides) owing to the presence of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the spinal canal. Disc herniations are normally a further development of a previously existing disc protrusion, a condition in which the outermost layers of the anulus fibrosus are still intact, but can bulge when the disc is under pressure. In contrast to a herniation, none of the central portion escapes beyond the outer layers. Most minor herniations heal within several weeks. Anti-inflammatory treatments for pain associated with disc herniation, protrusion, bulge, or disc tear are generally effective. Severe herniations may not heal of their own accord and may require surgery. The condition is widely referred to as a slipped disc, but this term is not medically accurate as the spinal discs are firmly attached between the vertebrae and cannot slip out of place. Lumbar disc herniations occur in the lower back, most often between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebral bodies or between the fifth and the sacrum. Symptoms can affect the lower back, buttocks, thigh, anal/genital region (via the perineal nerve), and may radiate into the foot and/or toe. The sciatic nerve is the most commonly affected nerve, causing symptoms of sciatica. The femoral nerve can also be affected[25]and cause the patient to experience a numb, tingling feeling throughout one or both legs and even feet or even a burning feeling in the hips and legs. A hernia in the lumbar region often compresses the nerve root exiting at the level below the disk. Thus, a herniation of the L4/5 disc will compress the L5 nerve root. With the patient and doctor, plan a pain control regimen. Encourage the patient to express his concerns about the disorder. Urge the patient to perform as much self-care as his immobility and pain allow. Use antiembolism stockings, as prescribed, and encourage the patient to move his legs, as allowed. Assess the patient’s pain status and his response to the pain-control regimen. Perform neurovascular checks of the patient’s legs such as color, motion, temperature, and sensation. Monitor vital signs, and check for bowel sounds and abdominal distention. Teach the patient about treatments, which include bed rest and pelvic traction. Urge the patient to maintain an ideal body weight to prevent lordosis caused by obesity. Discuss all prescribed medications with the patient. If surgery is required, explain all preoperative and postoperative procedures and treatments to the patient and his family

Attracting FDI to the Western Balkans: Special Economic Zones and Smart Specialisation Strategies

This paper investigates the role of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) in the Western Balkans in supporting industrial policy for economic development. It shows that Serbia and North Macedonia have both implemented policies to establish networks of SEZs that have attracted a relatively large amount of new foreign direct investment, mainly into the motorcar and components industries. Although many jobs have been created and some improvements in export competitiveness have occurred, there is no evidence of improvements in labour productivity or widespread technology spill-over to local economies. The import intensity of production is extremely high, implying little linkage to local economies. The qualitative interviews further reveal limited linkages between SEZ-based companies and local businesses, limited technology transfer, and a lack of appropriate skills among the workforce. In particular, there is insufficient capacity in the motorcar components supply chain. The paper concludes that governments have used SEZ policies as an alternative to regional and local development policies based on smart specialisation. In order to take advantage of the opportunity offered by SEZs, governments in the region should put more effort into developing local supply chains, aligning their policies towards SEZs and smart specialisation in order to leverage the advantages of an increased inflow of direct foreign investment for sustainable economic development in the future

Herniated lumbar disc & Nursing care

Spinal disc herniation, also known as a slipped disc, is a medical condition affecting the spine in which a tear in the outer, fibrous ring of an intervertebral disc allows the soft, central portion to bulge out beyond the damaged outer rings. Disc herniation is usually due to age-related degeneration of the outer ring, known as the anulus fibrosus, although trauma, lifting injuries, or straining have been implicated as well. Tears are almost always postero-lateral (on the back of the sides) owing to the presence of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the spinal canal. Disc herniations are normally a further development of a previously existing disc protrusion, a condition in which the outermost layers of the anulus fibrosus are still intact, but can bulge when the disc is under pressure. In contrast to a herniation, none of the central portion escapes beyond the outer layers. Most minor herniations heal within several weeks. Anti-inflammatory treatments for pain associated with disc herniation, protrusion, bulge, or disc tear are generally effective. Severe herniations may not heal of their own accord and may require surgery. The condition is widely referred to as a slipped disc, but this term is not medically accurate as the spinal discs are firmly attached between the vertebrae and cannot slip out of place. Lumbar disc herniations occur in the lower back, most often between the fourth and fifth lumbar vertebral bodies or between the fifth and the sacrum. Symptoms can affect the lower back, buttocks, thigh, anal/genital region (via the perineal nerve), and may radiate into the foot and/or toe. The sciatic nerve is the most commonly affected nerve, causing symptoms of sciatica. The femoral nerve can also be affected[25]and cause the patient to experience a numb, tingling feeling throughout one or both legs and even feet or even a burning feeling in the hips and legs. A hernia in the lumbar region often compresses the nerve root exiting at the level below the disk. Thus, a herniation of the L4/5 disc will compress the L5 nerve root. With the patient and doctor, plan a pain control regimen. Encourage the patient to express his concerns about the disorder. Urge the patient to perform as much self-care as his immobility and pain allow. Use antiembolism stockings, as prescribed, and encourage the patient to move his legs, as allowed. Assess the patient’s pain status and his response to the pain-control regimen. Perform neurovascular checks of the patient’s legs such as color, motion, temperature, and sensation. Monitor vital signs, and check for bowel sounds and abdominal distention. Teach the patient about treatments, which include bed rest and pelvic traction. Urge the patient to maintain an ideal body weight to prevent lordosis caused by obesity. Discuss all prescribed medications with the patient. If surgery is required, explain all preoperative and postoperative procedures and treatments to the patient and his family