Поняття загальних засад звільнення від покарання

An important condition for the proper and fair application of immunity from punishment by the courts is compliance by the courts with the guidelines of release from punishment. It must be stated that the guidelines of release from punishment are a relatively “young” legal phenomenon that has not yet been sufficiently explored in criminal law doctrine. The purpose of the article is to define the concept of guidelines of release from punishment. With the use of dialectical, systemic, and hermeneutic scientific methods of cognition, the author analyzed the features of the analyzed concept and, for the first time in domestic legal science, formulated the definition of the concept of guidelines of release from punishment.Additional arguments are given in favor of the position that the principles and guidelines of release from punishment are relatively independent concepts of criminal law, which are in a certain relationship and relationship, which seems correct. In this regard, it is proposed to consider guidelines of release from punishment in the sense of not principles, but general rules of application of the provisions of this criminal law institution.It was concluded that the position expressed in the legal literature regarding the signs of the guidelines of release from punishment needs further improvement.The author believes that guidelines of release from punishment should be characterized by the following features: 1) certainty; 2) obligation; 3) generality; 4) productivity; 5) systematicity; 6) thoroughness based on the principles of exemption from punishment.Taking into account these characteristics, guidelines of release from punishment should be considered a system of general and mandatory for the court established by law, interrelated and interacting initial rules based on the principles release from punishment, which should be guided by the court applying a certain type of release from punishment in each criminal proceedings and for each convicted person.A formulation based on the analyzed concept of the system of guidelines of release from punishment seems promising for further research.Загальні засади звільнення від покарання хоча й визначені в кримінальному законодавстві, однак у правовій доктрині досліджені недостатньо. Мета статті полягає у визначенні поняття загальних засад звільнення від покарання. З використанням діалектичного, системного та герменевтичного наукових методів пізнання проаналізовано ознаки цього поняття та вперше у вітчизняній правовій науці сформульовано визначення поняття загальних засад звільнення від покарання.Наведено додаткові аргументи на користь позиції, що принципи і загальні засади звільнення від покарання є відносно самостійними поняттями кримінального права, що перебувають у певному співвідношенні та взаємозв’язку. Запропоновано розглядати загальні засади звільнення від покарання у значенні не принципів, а загальних правил застосування положень цього кримінально-правового інституту.Визначено з розкриттям змісту ознаки загальних засад звільнення від покарання: визначеність, обов’язковість, загальність, вихідний характер, системність, ґрунтованість на принципах звільнення від покарання.Встановлено, що перспективним для подальших досліджень видається формулювання на основі аналізованого поняття системи загальних засад звільнення від покарання

Communication Training of Future Sports Coaches in the Context of Neurophysiological Patterns

The article presents experimental verification of improving communicative training for future sports coaches in the context of neurophysiological patterns by expedient changes in pedagogical conditions, namely, forming a value attitude of students towards future professionally-oriented communicative activity; enhancing interactive learning methods; improving educational and methodical support; optimizing the subject-subject interaction of participants in the educational process in simulated situations of professional communication. The research aims to experimentally verify the above-mentioned pedagogical conditions and identify levels of indicators in future sports coaches’ preparedness for professionally oriented communicative activity. The research involved 105 students of the experimental group and 106 students of the control group, who voluntarily agreed to participate in the experiment. Research methods include the elaboration of the author’s didactic material, modelling of new pedagogical conditions and diagnostic methods. Diagnosis of levels of indicators in future sports coaches’ preparedness for professionally oriented communicative activity is carried out with the help of the diagnosed complex of both standard and adapted and modified or specially developed following criteria and indicators of the investigated phenomenon of author’s methods. After the formative experiment, the number of students with high and average levels of preparedness for professionally oriented communication activities has increased in EG (by 12.4% and 13.3%, respectively) and at the same time, the number of low-level students has decreased (by 25.7%). The results of the experimental work provide an opportunity to approve the effectiveness of the introduced pedagogical conditions of professionally-oriented communication training for future sports coaches.</p

Staffing of Courts: European Experience and the Current Situation in Ukraine

The authors have investigated the current state of staffing of courts in Ukraine and the features of European experience in resolving this issue. Based on the analysis of the provisions of the European Charter on the statute for judges and Recommendation CM/Rec (2010) 12 on judges: independence, efficiency and responsibilities, general and distinctive features have been identified for regulating the staffing of courts, in particular, the issues of selecting judicial candidates, career growth, incentives, advanced training, and the like. The content of the norms of the current Ukrainian legislation, which regulates personnel issues in the formation of the judiciary, is disclosed. The essence of the judicial reform stipulated by the Strategy is determined sustainable development “Ukraine - 2020.” Particular attention is paid to the special training of judicial candidates in the formation of the judiciary in Ukraine, as well as the characterization of existing models of such training in European countries. The article defines a set of issues that have an important impact on quality indicators of staffing of courts

Шляхи підвищення ефективності роторних теплогенеруючих агрегатів-гомогенізаторів

Разработан роторный агрегат на базе проточной части многофункционального тетогенерирующего устройства для реализации ряда технологических процессов пищевой, химической, фармацевтической отраслей. Обоснована возможность использования математической модели роторно-пульсационных аппаратов и предложен способ ее уточнения. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19859Article is devoted creation rotor unit on the basis of a flowing part multifunction heat-generating agreggate for realisation of some technological processes of food, chemical, pharmaceutical branches. Possibility of use of mathematical model rotor-pulsations devices is proved and the way of its specification is offered. При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/1985