高齢者の日常活動と姿勢 ～住環境が健康を促す可能性に関する一考察～

This research added observation of bodily positions that people assume in daily life to 　　environmental design for enabling independent elderly people to live healthily and for a long time in their homes. An evaluation survey was conducted recording the times when subjects assumed standing, sitting, and lying-down positions in a day and their level of health and activity. The results of the survey revealed that for independent elderly people, there was a striking gender difference in health consciousness as shown by their living patterns. This study confirmed the necessity of incorporating bodily positions in design guidelines

応急仮設住宅居住者の集まる場と環境要素の関係性に関する研究 ‐福島県いわき市を事例として‐

Assuming that a major disaster will take place in the future, the purpose of this research is to gain design insights by considering the environment of emergency temporary housing, which provides a phase in people’s recovery in the aftermath of a major disaster. For this study, interviews of residents of temporary housing in Iwaki City, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan were conducted. Focus was especially placed on venues where communication occurred. Relationships between the characteristics of behaviors in those areas and environmental elements were analyzed and discussed

Household and Community Disaster Preparedness in Japanese Provincial City: A Population-Based Household Survey

Abstract Household-and community-level preparedness have been re-emphasized after recent major earthquakes and tsunamis in Japan. The paper examines the prevalence and the determinants of disaster preparedness among the residents of a provincial city in Japan at both levels. Furthermore, it seeks to uncover the associations between household-and community-level preparedness activities to test the hypothesis that a complementary relationship exists between them. We used a subset of a population-based household questionnaire survey of 4000 randomly sampled households in Komoro City in the Nagano Prefecture of Japan in February and March of 2011. The questionnaire included specific questions to measure disaster the preparedness status at both the household and community levels. The characteristics and associations of household-and community-level preparedness were analyzed with multivariable logistic regression models. We found insufficient disaster preparedness at both household and community levels. Older, female, and better educated household heads were associated with better household preparedness, while length at residence, non-single status, presence of an elderly household member, and farming occupations were associated with better community preparedness. Households with one or more household-level preparedness measures were more likely to receive community assistance than those lacking them. The relationship between household and community preparedness was not complementary. Hence, a large proportion of the households were unprepared at both the community and household levels. * Corresponding author. J. Tomio et al. 6