Oral and maxillofacial rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients

The general aim of this paper was to gain insight into the effects of maxillofacial rehabilitation in head and neck cancer patients using implantretained prostheses regarding treatment planning, implant survival, treatment outcome and quality of life. In R.Macedonia, this kinde of rehabilitation and research is very rare. This can finally contribute to improved rehabilitation of patients with head and neck cancer and to rise awerenes about the need of using implantretained prostheses regarding treatment planning, implant survival, treatment outcome and quality of life. Based on research done by Schoen (2004), we can concluded that, when following the technique described, a mandibulotomy can be combined safely with the insertion of implants in the ventral part of the edentulous mandible. We are about the first step in this area, hopefully that will develop proposed rehabilitation of head and neck cancer patients in Macedonia. Key words:oral ; Maxillofacial; rehabilitation; Head and Neck Cancer; patients

Prevalence of hypermetropy in preschool children in Delchevo

Hypermetropy is a refractive anomaly in which parallel light beams reaching from the distance are collected in the focus behind the retina without participating in accommodation, unlike the normal eye where the focus is on the retina. The term hypermetropy arrives from the Latin language and in translation means distant. The observed object in the distance in the hypermetropolitan faces is primarily created behind the retina, so that its contours are presented as yellow, vague spots. While in young people, if they do not have a high degree of hyperometry, with the help of accommodation (the ability of the eye to change the lens breaking power) they can correct their refractive anomaly and obtain a clear visual acuity for the focused objects

Одонтогени инфекции во максилофацијална регија

Цел на трудот е да се направи епидемиолошка анализа на пациенти со одонтогени инфекции во максилофацијална регија. За реализација на поставената цел беа анализирани протоколите на Одделот за максилофацијална хиругија при Клиничката болница во Штип во периодот септември 2013 до февруари 2014. Направена е анализа според пол и возраст. Биле третирани 18 пациенти од кои кај шест пациенти била утврдена клиничка дијагноза Flegmona faciei (пет од нив се хоспитализирани, а кај четири е извршена и екстраорална инцизија). Останатите 13 пациенти се амбулантно третирани. Исто така направена е анализа според забот причинител за акутната одонтогена инфекција. Со примена на протоколите за третман на акутните одонтогени инфекции се придонесува кон современ и успешен третман на овие состојби

Case Study: Malignant neoplasm of skin in the maxillofacial region

Introduction: According to the literature, there are three types of epidermal tumours: benign, premalignant lesions and cancers. Skin cancers are divided into two groups: (a) non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) and (b) melanoma. The group of non-melanoma skin cancer are basal cell carcinomas with prevalence of 75% The most frequent occurring of this skin cancers are in the head and neck region. There are several types of basal cell carcinoma: superficial; nodular; ulcus rodens; ulcus terebrans; keratotic basal cell carcinoma. They were the subject of interest in this work. Study design and methods: The paper will present case study of treatment of malignant skin lesions in the maxillofacial region. Excisional biopsy is the most frequently performed in order to provide histological confirmation of this type of cancer. Depending on the size changes of the skin, excision should be 2 to 10 mm at the edge of the health tissue. Most precisely, excision of melanoma should be between 3 to 5 cm in healthy tissue. This paper will present the case of a 75 year old patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, in the right preauricular region. After radical excision of the skin changes, the defect was closed with local transpositional flap. Regional lymphatic glands were not palpable. In this case we recommended a regular review of regional lymph glandula, because of the likelihood of metastases in them. Conclusion: Timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment of cancer in the maxillofacial region is of great importance, because of their local destructive growth of causing severe cosmetic deformity, and the rapid metastasis in regional lymph nodes and distant organs

Oral surgery use of tachocomb in anticoagulated prosthetic heart valves patients

The individuals with implanted prosthetic heart valves (PHV) belong in the group of patients with high risk from several aspects. Medical risk assessment of these patients consists of three segments: 1. cardiac function and safe dental and oral surgery treatment, 2. existing risk of potential development and prevention from infective endocarditis, and 3. the potential for altered hemostasis in patients prescribed anticoagulant medications. The aim of this study was to show the specific oral surgery approach and treatment of patients with PHV using TachoComb for topical treatment of bleeding after oral surgery procedures. The research included 60 anticoagulated prosthetic heart valves patients undergoing oral surgery. The pre oral surgery investigations included laboratory blood examination and antibiotic prophylaxis (according to AHA protocol). Detail anamnesis, inspection and X ray examination have been provided on the entire examined person. Forty five oral surgery interventions have been made. The oral anticoagulants have been interrupted before the interventions and low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) has been included (bridging therapy), before and after the interventions. Definitive local homeostasis has been accomplished with TachoComb as a haemostatic modality (topical treatment of bleeding). The hemorrhage (bleeding index 1) was in 4 (6.66%) individuals at the first day. On the second day and the next days complications such as prolonged bleeding, development of infective endocarditis and thromboembolism episode have not been established. Selective approach and preparation as well as interdisciplinary cooperation with the cardiologists are the base for safe and quality oral surgery treatment of prosthetic heart valves patients. Key words: tooth extraction, oral surgery, prosthetic heart valves, oral anticoagulants, infective endocarditis, fibrin glue, antibotherapy, bacteriemia

Screening of glaucoma

Glaucoma is a slowly progressive neuropathy with changes in the optic nerve, the retinal neurofibrillar layer, and the field of vision. The aim of the paper is to present the significance of detecting elevated intra ocular pressure in early glaucoma detection. Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in the world. According to the latest WHO estimates, as a challenge to global level resolution - carcinomas are in the first place, cardiovascular diseases in second, and blindness in third place. The glaucoma accounts for about 9-12% of all blind people in the world, that is, this disease is diagnosed in about 2.5 million people each year. WHO predicts that the percentage will increase to 30% by 2020. The definition of the 2014 European Glaucoma Association (EEC 2014) reads: "Glaucoma is a chronic progressive optic neuropathy with characteristic morphological changes on the optic nerve disc and the retinal neurofibrillar layer as well as the progressive death of ganglia cells with visual field loss in the absence other eye diseases and congenital anomalies. " Hence, in addition to the standard methods available to us, such as measuring the height of the intraocular pressure (IOP), gonioscopy, eyelid examination, as well as determining and monitoring visual acuity, the necessity of the standard computerized perimetry and optic coherent tomography of back eye segment