Cassandra - D7.3 - final report: Dissemination results

This deliverable is the final report on the dissemination activities and results in the CASSANDRA project. During the project, several status reports were made and published. In this report, the results of the dissemination activities that have taken place during the project are described. During the first year, many dissemination results were related to presenting the project to the world. Results included the project logo, press releases, the project website, templates, a brochure and other dissemination material. The dissemination during that phase primarily focused on presenting the CASSANDRA project, key concepts and initial outcomes to various audiences (policy makers, industry and science) all over the world. During the project’s second year, more results were becoming available and found their way into (scientific) papers and presentations at conferences and in journals. In the third and final year, a steady stream of (scientific) articles and presentations come from the project, and presentations concern the results of the project and the experiences gained in the Living Labs. Apart from giving a full overview of all dissemination results, a number of highlights are given specific attention.Multi Actor SystemsTechnology, Policy and Managemen

Cassandra - D7.3.5 - M30 status: Report dissemination results

This deliverable is a status report on the dissemination activities and results in the CASSANDRA project. These status reports are made regularly, with one more to come at the project’s finish. Together, these make up deliverable D7.3 – Dissemination results. In this report, the results of the dissemination activities that have taken place in the past period are described. It builds on the first five status reports, delivered in M4, M6, M12, M18, and M24 (D7.3, D7.3.1, D7.3.2, D7.3.3, and D7.3.4). The first report covered the starting phase of the project. Therefore, it described many activities related to presenting the project to the world. Results included the project logo, press releases, the project website, templates, a brochure and other dissemination material. The subsequent reports, including this status update, primarily describe an update of the various dissemination results in Section 4. The first year of dissemination primarily included presenting the CASSANDRA project, key concepts and initial outcomes to various audiences (policy makers, industry and science) all over the world. During the project’s second year, more results are becoming available and find their way into (scientific) papers and presentations at conferences and in journals. This report is issued at halftime of the third and final year, which is marked by a steady stream of (scientific) articles and presentations and by presentations that include the initial results of the project and the experiences gained in the Living Labs.Multi Actor SystemsTechnology, Policy and Managemen

Cassandra - D7.3.4 - M24 status report dissemination results

This deliverable is a status report on the dissemination activities and results in the CASSANDRA project. These status reports are made regularly, with two more to come. Together, these make up deliverable D7.3 – Dissemination results. In this fifth report, the results of the dissemination activities that have taken place in the first year of the project are discussed. It builds on the first four status reports, delivered in M4, M6, M12, and M18 (D7.3, D7.3.1, D7.3.2, and D7.3.3). The M4 report covered the starting phase of the project. Therefore, it described many activities related to presenting the project to the world. Results included the project logo, press releases, the project website, templates, a brochure and other dissemination material. The subsequent reports, including this status update, primarily describe an update of the various dissemination results in Section 4. The first year of dissemination primarily included presenting the CASSANDRA project, key concepts and initial outcomes to various audiences (policy makers, industry and science) all over the world. Now that the project is finalizing its second year, more results are becoming available and find their way into (scientific) papers and presentations at conferences and in journals.Multi Actor SystemsTechnology, Policy and Managemen

Techno-optimism and policy-pessimism in the public sector big data debate

Despite great potential, high hopes and big promises, the actual impact of big data on the public sector is not always as transformative as the literature would suggest. In this paper, we ascribe this predicament to an overly strong emphasis the current literature places on technical-rational factors at the expense of political decision-making factors. We express these two different emphases as two archetypical narratives and use those to illustrate that some political decision-making factors should be taken seriously by critiquing some of the core ‘techno-optimist’ tenets from a more ‘policy-pessimist’ angle. In the conclusion we have these two narratives meet ‘eye-to-eye’, facilitating a more systematized interrogation of big data promises and shortcomings in further research, paying appropriate attention to both technical-rational and political decision-making factors. We finish by offering a realist rejoinder of these two narratives, allowing for more context-specific scrutiny and balancing both technical-rational and political decision-making concerns, resulting in more realistic expectations about using big data for policymaking in practice.Organisation and Governanc

Developing Multi-Layer Information Infrastructures: Advancing Social Innovation through Public–Private Governance

Information infrastructures of businesses and government are increasingly interwoven and highly dependent on each other. Though often referred to as sociotechnical innovations, the development of these information infrastructures often has a technological focus. The related and even concurrent development of new social practices is understudied. As a result, the social innovation taking place next to the development of large-scale information infrastructures is ill understood. To address this gap, we study public-private information infrastructure developments at three layers and over a prolonged period of time and focus on the innovation in the social practices. Our goal is to understand the social innovation that is taking place within and among these layers and within their technological context. A finding was that stakeholders face changes in their existing practices and have to alter them as a pre-condition to realize the benefits that information infrastructures promise to provide. New social practices need to be developed and sustaining the innovation requires the development of governance mechanisms.Multi Actor SystemsTechnology, Policy and Managemen

Cassandra - WP400 - final report of living lab 2

This CASSANDRA LL2 final deliverable contains all information regarding the CASSANDRA Living Lab Europe – USA via Bremerhaven including information from two intermediate reports (CASSANDRA D4.21 and D4.22) about the very same Living Lab handed in during runtime of the Living Lab. CASSANDRA Living Lab 2 shows in a practical way how to improve security and visibility of transatlantic supply chains embedded in the overall CASSANDRA ideas and structure. The enhanced security concepts combine technological, organisational and operational measures also in line with governmental supply chain security programmes such as AEO or C-TPAT. Mechanical and electronic devices such as HS-Seals, e-Seals or advanced monitoring systems can be used to physically secure container transport whereas associated data may use digital watermarks to verify information sources or encryption methods as protection against manipulation. The aim of CASSANDRA is to demonstrate methods for enhancing supply chain security beyond state-of-the-art by integrating existing data management systems to create a Data Pipeline and introduce a Risk-Based Approach across entire logistics chains and is totally inline with the proposed Multilayer Approach. These types of approach have also been advocated in government publications from the beginning of the project such as the Joint Statement on supply-chain security (EU and US, July 2011) and National Strategy for Global Supply Chain Security (US, Jan. 2012). In General the Living Lab was organized and executed during the runtime of the CASSANDRA project. This living lab is centered around the 6 Use Cases, each representing specific obstacles stakeholders face at daily work. This is derived from the high-tech environment US transports are embedded and the used levels of abstraction to pinpoint single problems. The used process for the successful LL2 can be summarized as follows: The LL started with discussions among the partners to get a common understanding about the objectives and steps to be taken. This was mainly done in the CASSSANDRA WP3. The first part was to create a white paper to inform parties not involved in the consortium about the project in general and this living lab in particular. These parties (EU and US Authorities, Shippers) were informed, involved and Use Cases showing the current obstacles in US trades created. The Use Cases were then used as the content for demonstration, discussion and evaluation of the LL. All this information was passed to LL2 partners responsible for creating demonstration systems such as the business and the customs dashboard, not as the goal in itself but as a system of systems needed for discussion and evaluation of general CASSANDRA ideas in an environment which is dominated by technical solutions as a proof of security to fight attacks to countries as a whole. These discussions were done when the visualisation systems were in a final stage late in the project. During runtime 3 reports were created, which were the MS4 report and two LL2 intermediate reports. These two are not part of the initial DoW but were seen to be useful for reporting purposes due to postponement of this report by DoW amendment. The consortium partners in LL2 are the two freight forwarders Kühne + Nagel from Vienna, Austria (K+N) and Deutsche Handels-Logistik (DHL) from Bonn, Germany. Data is collected in the CASSANDRA backbone hub, processed and visualised in a Business Dashboard by The Descartes Systems Group Inc. (Descartes) from Lier, Belgium. The relevant Port Community System for all Ports in Bremen and Bremerhaven in charge (Bremer Hafentelematik (BHT)) is run by the Datenbank Bremische Häfen (dbh) located in Bremen, Germany. Additional visualization of Customs Data is provided by IBM, NL and Intrasoft, GR. LL2 is organised by the Institute of Shipping Economics and Logistics (ISL), Bremen, Germany with the political and procedural support by the Senator für Wirtschaft, Arbeit und Häfen, (Senator for Economy Labour and Ports), SWH, Bremen, Germany.Multi Actor SystemsTechnology, Policy and Managemen

Challenges in developing public-private business models

Infrastructures, Systems and ServicesTechnology, Policy and Managemen

Facilitating Adoption of International Information Infrastructures: A Living Labs Approach

One of the key challenges that governments face in supervising international supply chains is the need for improving the quality of data accompanying the logistics flow. In many supply chains, individual parties in the chain work with low quality data for their operations and compliance, even though somewhere in the supply chain, better data is available. In the European CASSANDRA project, ICT-supported information infrastructures are developed to exchange data between businesses and government, to support visibility on the supply chain and the re-use of information. However, to gain better data, actors need to be open about their operations, processes and systems to parties that are geographically and culturally on the other side of the world. This adds (perceived) vulnerabilities for parties already operating in a highly competitive environment. This could be a major barrier for making the innovation work. We argue that Living Labs, as a collaborative innovation approach, are able to support the adoption of innovative information infrastructures. They help identifying gains that innovations may bring. Furthermore, the trust-based setting also mitigates the added (perceived) vulnerability such innovations bring for the participants. We illustrate this by examples from the CASSANDRA Living Labs.Multi Actor SystemsTechnology, Policy and Managemen

Institutionele leegte: nieuwe bronnen, nieuwe uitdagingen

Societal and technological developments (such as the digital and energy revolutions) move faster than existing institutions can keep up with. The developments may lead to a metaphorical institutional void, which brings questions about the nature of the void, the changing rules, practices and responsibilities, and about the strategies to deal with the void. The concept has been around for a while but (again) seems relevant to understand current socio-technological innovations and challenges, that also allow us to further conceptualise the institutional void. In this introduction to the issue, we discuss the concept of an institutional void and explore how it is used in various domains of study, including public administration. We argue for how the concept is relevant today and therein also introduce the topics that are discussed in this special issue.Organisation and GovernanceUrban Development Managemen

Simulating public private networks as evolving systems

Public-private service networks (PPSN) consist of social and technology components. Development of PPSN is ill-understood as these are dependent on a complex mix of interactions among stakeholders and their technologies and is influenced by contemporary developments. The aim of this paper is to advance our understanding of PPSN by modeling its evolution. Agent-based modeling (ABM) is used to understand and analyses self-organization and emergent aspects. In a case study of the vehicle administration we show the evolution of PPSN including changes in the structure of network.Infrastructures, Systems and ServicesTechnology, Policy and Managemen