O brendiranju žigova i pečata

MBP staining of murine organotypic brain slices shows myelin health status of all MOG-positive samples (MOG 1-10) and MOG-negative control (Ctrl 1) as well as healthy control sample (HC 1) in combination with human complement. (DOCX 6029 kb

Demographic data of all 68 patients. MRZR+ = AI for measles virus, rubella virus, varicella zoster virus, two or more AI≥1.5.

<p>Demographic data of all 68 patients. MRZR+ = AI for measles virus, rubella virus, varicella zoster virus, two or more AI≥1.5.</p

IgG antibody index of MRZR and MRI activity.

<p>IgG antibody index (AI) results for measles virus (A), rubella virus (B) and varicella zoster virus (C) for patients with <6 lesions, ≥6 lesions, no Gd-enhancing lesions and Gd-enhancing lesions on cMRI are shown as box plot graphs. The boxes include values between the 25^th and 75^th percentile of the distribution, while the line within the box represents the median value. The whiskers above and below the box indicate the 90^th and 10^th percentile, respectively, and the black dots indicate the outliers, while the dotted line at AI 1.5 indicates the upper limit of the reference range. The number of patients in each group is shown in brackets above boxes.</p

Sample scans showing MME in SLO and OCT images.

<p>Sample SLO images (on the left) and sample OCT B-scan images (on the right) from A) MS patient’s eye with a history of ON but without MME, B) an MS patient’s eye with history of ON and MME, C) an NMO patient’s eye with history of ON and MME and D) an eye from a patient with CRION and MME. Whereas the eye from A does not show any signs of MME in either the SLO or OCT B-scan image, all eyes in B-D show similar findings. The SLO images were mirrored where necessary to standardize orientation.</p

Inter-eye differences in patients with unilateral history of optic neuritis.

<p>A) Differences in inner nuclear layer (INL) thickness between affected and unaffected eyes of patients with a unilateral history of optic neuritis categorized by diagnosis. Eyes belonging to one patient are connected by lines. Lines in blue indicate eyes, which the INL of the optic neuritis eyes was thicker compared to the contralateral unaffected eyes, whereas red lines show the contrary. B) Correlation of inter-eye INL thickness differences with inter-eye macular retinal nerve fiber layer (mRNFL) thickness differences (LR: P<0.001). C) Correlation of inter-eye INL thickness differences with inter-eye ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) thickness differences (LR: P = 0.011).</p

Disease severity in MS patients.

<p><b>Abbreviations:</b> MME = microcystic macular edema; MS = multiple sclerosis ON = optic neuritis; SD = standard deviation; Min = minimum value; Max = maximum value; EDSS = Expanded Disability Status Scale; MSSS = Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score.</p

Demographic overview of the study cohort.

<p><b>Abbreviations:</b> MME = microcystic macular edema; MS = multiple sclerosis; NMO = neuromyelitis optica spectrum diseases; CRION = chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy; HC = healthy control; RRMS = relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis; SPMS = secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis; PPMS = primary-progressive multiple sclerosis; CIS = Clinical isolated syndrome; SD = standard deviation; Min = minimum value; Max = maximum value.</p

Sample quantification of SLO MME area.

<p>A) Quantification of the MME-affected area of a sample eye in a SLO image with ImageJ. B) The microcysts in OCT B-scans of the same sample eye mapped onto the SLO image. The yellow lines correspond to the spread of the macular edema in the two example B-scans at the bottom.</p

Ocular key data of MME and non-MME eyes.

a)<p>The contralateral eyes of unilateral MME eyes were excluded.</p><p><b>Abbreviations:</b> MME = microcystic macular edema; MS = multiple sclerosis; NMO = neuromyelitis optica spectrum diseases; CRION = chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy; ON = optic neuritis; pRNFL = peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer; TMV = total macular volume; SD = standard deviation; Min = minimum value; Max = maximum value.</p

Table_2_Ovarian Reserve in Women With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.DOCX

<p>Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a neuroinflammatory disease. The majority of NMOSD patients is seropositive for aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibodies. AQP4 is the main water channel protein in the central nervous system, but has also been identified in the female reproductive system. Fertility issues and ovarian reserve has not yet been studied in females with NMOSD. The purpose of this study was to measure serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in females with NMOSD compared to healthy controls (HC), in combination with other lifestyle and reproduction parameters. AMH is independent from the menstrual cycle and a reliable indicator of both ovarian reserve and ovarian function. We included a total of 32 reproductive-age females, 18 HC and 14 with NMOSD. We used an enzymatically amplified two-site immunoassay to determine serum AMH level. In comparison to HC, mean AMH value was reduced in NMOSD. Apart from that significantly more women with NMOSD showed low AMH levels (< 0.8 ng/ml). Low AMH was associated with disease activity. In contrast, none of the immunotherapies for NMOSD, neither any reproductive life style parameter was associated with a decreased AMH. Our results contribute to understanding of hindered fertility in females with NMOSD and enables neurologists to better counsel female patients.</p