Model of health services for future parents: a scoping review

The readiness of prospective parents plays a pivotal role in their journey toward parenthood, influencing their ability to navigate the transition smoothly. This readiness can be cultivated through comprehensive physical and mental health screenings, empowering them to embark on their parenthood journey with a well-prepared and healthier pregnancy plan. This scoping review aimed to identify previous research evidence regarding health service models for prospective parents. This research is a scoping review using Framework Arkshey & O’Malley and PRISMA-Scr Checklist, four journal databases: Pubmed, Wiley Online Library, EBSCO, and Proquest. Apart from that, this research also used Google Scholar and official sites that support it. The keywords used are models, health services, and future parents. Article quality assessment using MMAT (Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool). A total of 2,899 articles were checked for duplication and title screening, abstract screening. A total of 21 articles were screened for the whole article, and only 11 were deemed eligible. The results of this article is that health programs during the premarital and preconception periods are important in preparing a healthy generation. Each country has premarital and preconception health programs, including providing blood supplement tablets and folic acid, mental health screening, and genetic disease screening. It is expected that cross-sector collaboration could increase the use of health services during the premarital and preconception periods. These programs serve as crucial avenues for imparting essential knowledge and fostering positive behaviors that can significantly impact the health outcomes of both parents and their future offspring. By prioritizing proactive healthcare measures and education during these pivotal stages, society lays a robust foundation for promoting the well-being and vitality of future generations

Model of health services for future parents: a scoping review

The readiness of prospective parents plays a pivotal role in their journey toward parenthood, influencing their ability to navigate the transition smoothly. This readiness can be cultivated through comprehensive physical and mental health screenings, empowering them to embark on their parenthood journey with a well-prepared and healthier pregnancy plan. This scoping review aimed to identify previous research evidence regarding health service models for prospective parents. This research is a scoping review using Framework Arkshey & O’Malley and PRISMA-Scr Checklist, four journal databases: Pubmed, Wiley Online Library, EBSCO, and Proquest. Apart from that, this research also used Google Scholar and official sites that support it. The keywords used are models, health services, and future parents. Article quality assessment using MMAT (Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool). A total of 2,899 articles were checked for duplication and title screening, abstract screening. A total of 21 articles were screened for the whole article, and only 11 were deemed eligible. The results of this article is that health programs during the premarital and preconception periods are important in preparing a healthy generation. Each country has premarital and preconception health programs, including providing blood supplement tablets and folic acid, mental health screening, and genetic disease screening. It is expected that cross-sector collaboration could increase the use of health services during the premarital and preconception periods. These programs serve as crucial avenues for imparting essential knowledge and fostering positive behaviors that can significantly impact the health outcomes of both parents and their future offspring. By prioritizing proactive healthcare measures and education during these pivotal stages, society lays a robust foundation for promoting the well-being and vitality of future generations

Association between mental health and bone mass among community-dwelling adults: Nagasaki Islands Study on bone health

Osteoporosis and its related fractures are important public health issues. This study examined the association between the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) and low bone mass in middle-aged community-dwelling men and women. A crosssectional study was nested in a prospective observational study of 1,101 participants (median age: 57 [49-62] years in men and 58 [50-62] years in women) residing in a rural city in western Japan. Participants were recruited during medical check-ups in 2016 and 2017 from the community-dwelling population. The bone mass of the calcaneus was evaluated using quantitative ultrasound. Of the participants, 56 men (14.9%) and 144 women (19.9%) had a bone mass of less than 70% of the mean of young adults. Univariate analysis revealed that there was a trend toward lower body mass index (BMI) and higher prevalence of low bone mass with an increase in K6 scores in men but not in women. Logistic regression analysis, adjusting for possible confounders(age, BMI, smoking, drinking habits, exercise habits, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension), showed significant associations between the K6 scores and low bone mass (odds ratio (OR) = 2.66 for the men with 5 to 12 points of K6, OR = 7.51 for men with ≥ 13 of K6, not for women). We showed an association between psychological distress and low bone mass independent of cofounders among community-dwelling middle-aged men but not women. This suggests that healthy mental health in middle-aged men may be a possible target for the prevention of consequent osteoporosis or fragile bone fractures

An evaluation of strategies to promote health to tackle food restriction in postpartum women in Lao People’s Democratic Republic

Purpose : In Lao People’s Democratic Republic（ Laos）, which is located in the South East Asia, mothers are suffering from malnutrition. One of the causes of maternal malnutrition in Laos is the practice of foodrestriction in the mother\u27s diet during the postpartum period. The community still believes in restricting the mother’s diet in the postpartum period. The purpose of this study was to identify effective interventionsto change mothers’ behaviour relating to adequate diet in order to address maternal malnutrition in Laos.Methods : Three approaches aimed at changing the eating habits of Laotian women in the postpartum period were introduced and evaluated to ascertain whether they are feasible in Laos. These approaches are participatory, health education, and mass media. An option appraisal tool was used to evaluate the technical effectiveness, organisational feasibility, gender-cultural and political feasibility, and financialfeasibility and sustainability of the approaches.Results : The results indicated that the participatory approach was effective in improving mothers’ habits when there were sufficient human resources in the community to facilitate the discussion. In termsof health education approach, Laotian mothers showed a positive change in their diet behaviour, when at least one village health volunteer was available to disseminate correct information. The mass media approach also effectively changed the mothers’ dietary habits when the message broadcasted was consistent with the government policy.Conclusions : The results indicate that health education delivered by trained health workers or village health volunteers could be the best approach to changing maternal eating habits in the postpartum period,except in rural villages with ethnic minorities. Additionally, the health education approach can be significant if it is combined with other interventions using mass media

Factors Associated With Parental Readiness Amongst Japanese Female Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Trends towards a nuclear family unit, a decline in birth rate, and lack of community relationships make it difficult for adolescents to improve parental readiness in Japanese society. Low parenting skills will be a risk factor for high parenting stress or child abuse. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the factors associated with parental readiness amongst Japanese female undergraduate nursing students. Methods: The study design is cross-sectional. An anonymous self-reported questionnaire survey was distributed to 225 female undergraduate nursing students from Kyushu, Japan, and the factors associated with parental readiness were examined. Results: Of the 225 recipients, 208 responded to the questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the parental readiness score was significantly higher in the following groups: students who lived alone or without parents (regression coefficient: β = 1.82, p = .027), students who often interacted with children (β = 1.88, p = .018), students who wanted to give birth (β = 5.72, p = .007), and students who wanted to rear children as their own parents did (β = 2.73, p = .009). Conclusions: The factors associated with parental readiness were living without parents, experiences interacting with children, desire to give birth, and desire to rear children as their own parents did

Factors Associated With Parental Readiness Amongst Japanese Female Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Trends towards a nuclear family unit, a decline in birth rate, and lack of community relationships make it difficult for adolescents to improve parental readiness in Japanese society. Low parenting skills will be a risk factor for high parenting stress or child abuse. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the factors associated with parental readiness amongst Japanese female undergraduate nursing students. Methods: The study design is cross-sectional. An anonymous self-reported questionnaire survey was distributed to 225 female undergraduate nursing students from Kyushu, Japan, and the factors associated with parental readiness were examined. Results: Of the 225 recipients, 208 responded to the questionnaire. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the parental readiness score was significantly higher in the following groups: students who lived alone or without parents (regression coefficient: β = 1.82, p = .027), students who often interacted with children (β = 1.88, p = .018), students who wanted to give birth (β = 5.72, p = .007), and students who wanted to rear children as their own parents did (β = 2.73, p = .009). Conclusions: The factors associated with parental readiness were living without parents, experiences interacting with children, desire to give birth, and desire to rear children as their own parents did

Association between Mothers’ Attachment Styles and Parenting Stress among Japanese Mothers with Toddlers

Parenting stress is affected by various factors, including maternal attachment; however, the number of studies focusing on Japanese samples is limited. As such, we explored the association between mothers’ attachment styles and parenting stress among Japanese mothers with 18-month-old toddlers. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Sasebo City, Japan between 2018 and 2019. Anonymous self-reported questionnaires were distributed to 1399 mothers who attended an infant health check-up. We categorized maternal attachment style as secure, anxious/ambivalent, or avoidant, and conducted a multiple logistic regression analysis to evaluate the associations between each attachment style and parenting stress. Of the 1399 mothers, 529 responded to the survey (37.8%). About 40% reported experienced parenting stress. Further, approximately two-thirds showed a secure attachment style, 20% had an anxious/ambivalent style, and 15% had an avoidant style. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the ambivalently attached mothers had a significantly higher level of parenting stress than those with secure attachment (odds ratio = 2.4, 95% confidence interval (1.5, 3.9)), but avoidantly attached mothers did not have a significantly higher level of parenting stress than those with secure attachment (odds ratio = 0.9, 95% confidence interval (0.5, 1.6)). The findings demonstrate that an anxious/ambivalent attachment style is associated with a higher level of parenting stress than a secure style. Thus, it is important for experts to understand the mother’s attachment style when offering childrearing support