3,201 research outputs found
A to Z of Flavour with Pati-Salam
We propose an elegant theory of flavour based on family
symmetry with Pati-Salam unification which provides an excellent description of
quark and lepton masses, mixing and CP violation. The symmetry unifies
the left-handed families and its vacuum alignment determines the columns of
Yukawa matrices. The symmetry distinguishes the right-handed families and
its breaking controls CP violation in both the quark and lepton sectors. The
Pati-Salam symmetry relates the quark and lepton Yukawa matrices, with
and . Using the see-saw mechanism with very
hierarchical right-handed neutrinos and CSD4 vacuum alignment, the model
predicts the entire PMNS mixing matrix and gives a Cabibbo angle
. In particular it predicts maximal atmospheric mixing,
and leptonic CP violating phase
. The reactor angle prediction is
, while the solar angle is , for a lightest neutrino mass in the range meV, corresponding to a normal neutrino mass hierarchy and a very
small rate for neutrinoless double beta decay.Comment: 38 pages, 28 figures, published versio
and the origin of Yukawa couplings
We explore the possibility that the semi-leptonic decay ratios
which violate universality are related to the origin of
the fermion Yukawa couplings in the Standard Model. Some time ago, a
vector-like fourth family (without a ) was used to generate fermion mass
hierarchies and mixing patterns without introducing any family symmetry.
Recently the idea of inducing flavourful couplings via mixing with a
vector-like fourth family which carries gauged charges has been
proposed as a simple way of producing controlled flavour universality violation
while elegantly cancelling anomalies. We show that the fusion of these two
ideas provides a nice connection between and the origin of Yukawa
couplings in the quark sector. However the lepton sector requires some tuning
of Yukawa couplings to obtain the desired coupling of to muons.Comment: Minor corrections to phenomenology section to match published
version. 19 pages, 4 figure
Testing constrained sequential dominance models of neutrinos
Constrained sequential dominance (CSD) is a natural framework for
implementing the see-saw mechanism of neutrino masses which allows the mixing
angles and phases to be accurately predicted in terms of relatively few input
parameters. We analyze a class of CSD() models where, in the flavour basis,
two right-handed neutrinos are dominantly responsible for the "atmospheric" and
"solar" neutrino masses with Yukawa couplings to proportional to and , respectively, where
is a positive integer. These coupling patterns may arise in indirect family
symmetry models based on . With two right-handed neutrinos, using a
test, we find a good agreement with data for CSD(3) and CSD(4) where
the entire PMNS mixing matrix is controlled by a single phase , which
takes simple values, leading to accurate predictions for mixing angles and the
magnitude of the oscillation phase . We carefully study the
perturbing effect of a third "decoupled" right-handed neutrino, leading to a
bound on the lightest physical neutrino mass meV for the
viable cases, corresponding to a normal neutrino mass hierarchy. We also
discuss a direct link between the oscillation phase and
leptogenesis in CSD() due to the same see-saw phase appearing in both
the neutrino mass matrix and leptogenesis.Comment: 34 pages, 15 figures. Version to be published in J.Phys G. Note the
change in title. Clarifying comments added. Previous versions: 32 pages, 15
figures. Improved discussion of chi squared analysis, new plots added. // 29
pages, 13 figures. Minor changes and discussion about the origin of the
vacuum alignments added to an Appendi
Lepton Mixing Predictions including Majorana Phases from Flavour Symmetry and Generalised CP
Generalised CP transformations are the only known framework which allows to
predict Majorana phases in a flavour model purely from symmetry. For the first
time generalised CP transformations are investigated for an infinite series of
finite groups, . In direct models the
mixing angles and Dirac CP phase are solely predicted from symmetry.
flavour symmetry provides many examples of viable predictions
for mixing angles. For all groups the mixing matrix has a trimaximal middle
column and the Dirac CP phase is 0 or . The Majorana phases are predicted
from residual flavour and CP symmetries where can take several
discrete values for each and the Majorana phase is a multiple
of . We discuss constraints on the groups and CP transformations from
measurements of the neutrino mixing angles and from neutrinoless double-beta
decay and find that predictions for mixing angles and all phases are accessible
to experiments in the near future.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures; references added; clarification in section 2.3
added; results are unchange
A model of quarks with Delta (6N^2) family symmetry
We propose a first model of quarks based on the discrete family symmetry
Delta (6N^2) in which the Cabibbo angle is correctly determined by a residual
Z_2 times Z_2 subgroup, and the smaller quark mixing angles may be
qualitatively understood from the model. The present model of quarks may be
regarded as a first step towards formulating a complete model of quarks and
leptons based on Delta (6N^2), in which the lepton mixing matrix is fully
determined by a Klein subgroup. For example, the choice N=28 provides an
accurate determination of both the reactor angle and the Cabibbo angle.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures; reference adde
Neutrino Mass and Mixing with Discrete Symmetry
This is a review article about neutrino mass and mixing and flavour model
building strategies based on discrete family symmetry. After a pedagogical
introduction and overview of the whole of neutrino physics, we focus on the
PMNS mixing matrix and the latest global fits following the Daya Bay and RENO
experiments which measure the reactor angle. We then describe the simple
bimaximal, tri-bimaximal and golden ratio patterns of lepton mixing and the
deviations required for a non-zero reactor angle, with solar or atmospheric
mixing sum rules resulting from charged lepton corrections or residual
trimaximal mixing. The different types of see-saw mechanism are then reviewed
as well as the sequential dominance mechanism. We then give a mini-review of
finite group theory, which may be used as a discrete family symmetry broken by
flavons either completely, or with different subgroups preserved in the
neutrino and charged lepton sectors. These two approaches are then reviewed in
detail in separate chapters including mechanisms for flavon vacuum alignment
and different model building strategies that have been proposed to generate the
reactor angle. We then briefly review grand unified theories (GUTs) and how
they may be combined with discrete family symmetry to describe all quark and
lepton masses and mixing. Finally we discuss three model examples which combine
an SU(5) GUT with the discrete family symmetries A4, S4 and Delta(96).Comment: 99 pages, 13 figures, review article, updated to include the results
from the latest global fit
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