Some Old English Phonological Processes : A Nonlinear Analysis

This paper examines some problematical Old English phonological processes within a nonlinear framework that employs an intermediate C-V tier in syllable structure: 1)various injectivity and surjectivity relationships between segments and C-V units, 2)extrasyllabicity, 3)assimilation, compensatory lengthening and degemination, 4)reduplication, 5)long consonants, and 6)an appendix on ambisyllabicity and s-obstruent clusters. In 1976 Kahn represented the syllable as a hierarchical unit with two tiers: the root (0) node of the syllable and the terminal segments of the actual vowels, consonants, and glides that it dominates. Various expanded versions of it have since appeared, differing from each other in the number of the intermediate structures posited between the two basic tiers. Clements and Keyser (1981), for one, have introduced a third C-V tier to mediate between the root tier and the terminal segmental tier. The elements of the C-V tier that make up the syllable are composed of C (for a nonsyllabic) and V (for a syllabic). Unlike others, they maintain that the C and V skeletal units are linked directly to a syllable node with no intervening consitutents such as onset, rime, and appendix, as postulated in Halle and Vergnaud(1980) and Harris (1983).2 Thus, the syllable structure of a Luganda word ono 'this' can variously be represented as follows

A Phonemic Interpretation of the Vocalic Graphemes of Old English 'Pastoral Care' (Ms. Hatton 20).

Ph.D.LinguisticsUniversity of Michiganhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/156954/1/6717796.pd

비인접 대상연장에 관하여

대상연장(=CL)에는 인접 (local) CL과 비인접 (nonlocal) CL이 있으며, 인접 CL에 대한 첫 복선적 (nonlinear) 분석은 운율(metrical)음운론에 입각하여 분석한 것으로(Ingria 1980), 이 운율음운론을 고대영어에 적용하여 Ingria의 coda에 대한·제약인 Empty Node Covention (ENC)을 다소 수정한 것(2)이 Kim(l983)이다. Kim(1983)에서는 고대영어의 비인접 CL 현상을 히랍어에 입각하여 Kiparsky(l967)와 Ingria(1980)에 제시된 음전이 (metathesis)규칙을 받아들여 (1)을 (2)와 같이 도출하였다

Graphic Substitutions In Middle English

Of the innumerable instances of graphic substitutions to be met with in Middle English manuscripts, some are undisputable scribal blunders, being downright mistakes or errors arising from scribes' ignorance or carelessnesses, while others can be accounted for on some graphic or phonological grounds, as for the substitution of the letter 3 for p

Stress Assignment Rules for Old English (Poetry)

The present paper presents a grid-based analysis of Old English stress rules for Old English poetry. based on metrical evidence. It addresses conflicting theories of and lack of uniformity in, scansion, arising from lack of rule-governed word stress principles to he based upon. Therefore. for correct and uniform scansion of a given half-line word stress rules should be determined first and th en applied to the words constituting the ha lf-line . and finally. the resulting linguistic stress pattern should be matched to a verse type

The Vowel Shift in Unstressed Syllables of Old English

The historical vowel changes that took place in unstressed or weakly stressed syllables haven't been treated as operating methodically as those in stressed syllables. Even though the tendency for unstressed vowels to be shortened, if long, and reduced, or eliminated has long been noted as common to all Germanic languages and hence traceable in English throughout its history (Wyld , 1927: 272) no serious attempts have been made to account for the exact phonetic realization of vowel reduction processes. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that unstressed vowels were not reduced variously or all suddenly, but systematically and regularly, to [ə] before loss, via two stages weakening and centralization thus unstressed vowels were first weakened, and then these weakened vowels were in turn centralized to [ə] before loss