FLOW CHARACTERISTICS of r-Fe203-HYDROCARBON SLURRY IN THE PRESENCE OF VARIOUS FATTY ACIDS

The effect of some fatty acids on the flocculation and dispersion properties of r-Fe203 particles in magnetic slurry was investigated. For preparation of the magnetic slurries in this experiments, r-Fe203 powders, some straight chained fatty acids with carbon numbers of C9-C21 in the alkyl chain and toluene-cyclohexane solution were used. The rheological properties of the slurry，namely the flow curve，yield stress and sedimentation volume of the r-Fe203 slurry were measured. It was found that the flow characteristics of the slurry varies depending on the alkyl chain length for each fatty acid added. The addition of stearic acid gives the best dispersion in our experimental trials. From the result of the calculation of the energy acting between particles，it was found that r-Fe203 particles in the slurry have a strongly magnetic attractive force

Time-to-Furosemide Treatment and Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With Acute Heart Failure

BACKGROUND Acute heart failure (AHF) is a life-threatening disease requiring urgent treatment, including a recommendation for immediate initiation of loop diuretics. OBJECTIVES The authors prospectively evaluated the association between time-to-diuretic treatment and clinical outcome. METHODS REALITY-AHF (Registry Focused on Very Early Presentation and Treatment in Emergency Department of Acute Heart Failure) was a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study that primarily aimed to assess the association between time to loop diuretic treatment and clinical outcome in patients with AHF admitted through the emergency department (ED). Door-to-furosemide (D2F) time was defined as the time from patient arrival at the ED to the first intravenous furosemide injection. Patients with a D2F time RESULTS Among 1,291 AHF patients treated with intravenous furosemide within 24 h of ED arrival, the median D2F time was 90 min (IQR: 36 to 186 min), and 481 patients (37.3%) were categorized as the early treatment group. These patients were more likely to arrive by ambulance and had more signs of congestion compared with the nonearly treatment group. In-hospital mortality was significantly lower in the early treatment group (2.3% vs. 6.0% in the nonearly treatment group; p = 0.002). In multivariate analysis, earlier treatment remained significantly associated with lower in-hospital mortality (odds ratio: 0.39; 95% confidence interval: 0.20 to 0.76; p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS In this prospective multicenter, observational cohort study of patients presenting at the ED for AHF, early treatment with intravenous loop diuretics was associated with lower in-hospital mortality. (Registry focused on very early presentation and treatment in emergency department of acute heart failure syndrome; (C) 2017 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation