Human system modelling in support of manufacturing enterprise design and change

Organisations comprise human and technical systems that typically perform a variety of business, engineering and production roles. Human systems comprise individuals, people groups and teams that work systematically to conceive, implement, develop and manage the purposes of any enterprise in response to customer requirements. Recently attention has been paid to modelling aspects of people working within production systems, with a view to improving: production performance, effective resource allocation and optimum resource management. In the research reported, graphical and computer executable models of people have been conceived and used in support of human systems engineering. The approach taken has been to systematically decompose and represent processes so that elemental production and management activities can be modelled as explicit descriptions of roles that human systems can occupy as role holders. First of all, a preliminary modelling method (MM1) was proposed for modelling human systems in support of engineering enterprise; then MM1 was implemented and tested in a case study company 1. Based on findings of this exploratory research study an improved modelling method (MM2) was conceived and instrumented. Here characterising customer related product dynamic impacts extended MM1 modelling concepts and methods and related work system changes. MM2 was then tested in case study company 2 to observe dynamic behaviours of selected system models derived from actual company knowledge and data. Case study 2 findings enabled MM2 to be further improved leading to MM3. MM3 improvements stem from the incorporation of so-called DPU (Dynamic Producer Unit) concepts, related to the modelling of human and technical resource system components . Case study 4 models a human system for targeted users i.e. production managers etc to facilitate analysis of human configuration and also cost modelling. Modelling approaches MM2, MM3 and also Case Study 4 add to knowledge about ways of facilitating quantitative analysis and comparison between different human system configurations. These new modelling methods allow resource system behaviours to be matched to specific, explicitly defined, process-oriented requirements drawn from manufacturing workplaces currently operating in general engineering, commercial furniture and white goods industry sectors

Numerical Modeling of Air-Based Bus Seat

Travel with long hours will create discomfort feeling for passenger especially express bus passenger. Long hour travel will create physiological stress on passenger. It may due to seat space limitation, noise, vibration, seat hardness as well as seat comfort. Seat comfort is a subjective feeling that related to psychological aspect of passenger. In this project, the bus passenger seat is integrated with air-based and gel-based material. In Malaysia, most of the express coaches are using polyurethane foam based cushion in the seat padding. This type of the seat padding may cause a bus passenger who sit for long journey will feel uncomfortable and fatigue. There are two main causes which lead to seating discomfort which is vibration and pressure distribution on the seat. The new design a bus passenger seat is using air-based cushion to improve the seating comfort. The air-based seat was validated by using MatLab SimuLINK software. In the model validation process, the parameters of air cell height gave effect on the pressure change rate of air cushion model. The comfortable level of the air cushion could be improved by reducing the pressure change rate and cell height

Company preception on the employability skills of industrial traning students

Employability is the main concern for students and universities. It is one of the objectives of Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) as to produce skilled, experienced and knowledgeable graduates to fulfill manpower needs with 75% of the graduates employed in their relevant fields within six months upon graduation. This study was conducted to review the company perception on the employability skills possess by Mechanical Engineering students in Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka who has undergone their industrial training program in respective company. Five elements of employment skills studied here are based on the generic student attributes (GSA) established by MOHE i.e. communication skills, teamwork skills, critical thinking, work attitude and long life learning. It used to ensure the students will enrich themselves as a competent and comprehensive student after graduated. Questionnaire was prepared in three phases. Phase I and 2 are about the adaptability of students to their working environment and how the knowledge and experience in classroom being integrating into real life work experiences. Phase 3 is about the professionalism and work ethics among industrial training students. The result shows that most of the industrial supervisors agreed that industrial training program is one of the vital contributors to the employability skills

Dimensional Accuracy And Surface Roughness Of Part Features Manufactured By Open Source 3D Printer

This paper investigates the effectiveness and the accuracy of open source 3D printer of Mendel Max and Kossel Mini which the additive manufacturing technique of Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) was implemented.A benchmark of the 3D printer test model was designed based on critical features of AM process i.e. hemispheres, cube,cylindersand slots.The benchmark was produced by both machines using variation FFF parameters of layer height and infill density.In addition,the material of FFF was varied between PLA and ABS for each test.The dimensional accuracy of the part features were measured by the nominal dimension of the part using Profile Projector DS600.In addition,TR200 roughness tester was used to measure the surface roughness.The result shows that for dimensional accuracy results,Mendel Max machine has a lower deviation result compared to Kossel machine. Furthermore,PLA filament gives better result compare to ABS filament in term of surface quality finishing for both machines.The result shows that for both 3D printer machines,the quality and accuracy of the part features are better when the layer thickness is 0.178 and 20% of infill density

Thermal Errors Affecting Engineering Measurement

Thermal effect in engineering measurement is a research done to acknowledge the thermal effect on engineering measurement during manufacturing i.e. machining processes. This project is aimed to investigate the effects of thermal errors on engineering measurement and identify the causes and characteristics of the thermal expansion in a workpiece/s being heated at certain elevated temperatures. The largest source of error in engineering measurement is temperature. There are many factors that affect temperature elevation during engineering measurement. Namely the factors are machine internal heat generation, environmental temperature changes and radiant external heat resources. In this experiment a few assumptions were made to simplify and model the heat generation of workpiece. The design of the specimen is kept simple, i.e. the shape of sphere and cube. The heating element is embedded in the middle of the body of the specimen to ensure uniform distribution of heat transfer. In addition, the total expansion of the workpiece under heat generation from temperature 25°C - 60°C has been characterized and studied using one material and one test component. 2D detailed thermal and dimensional measurement analysis has been performed· from the result taken from the experiment

COMPANY PERCEPTION ON THE EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS OF INDUSTRIAL TRAINING STUDENTS

Employability is the main concern for students and universities. It is one of the objectives of Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) as to produce skilled, experienced and knowledgeable graduates to fulfil manpower needs with 75% of the graduates employed in their relevant fields within six months upon graduation. This study was conducted to review the company perception on the employability skills possess by Mechanical Engineering students in Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka who has undergone their industrial training program in respective company. Five elements of employment skills studied here are based on the generic student attributes (GSA) established by MOHE i.e. communication skills, teamwork skills, critical thinking, work attitude and long life learning. It used to ensure the students will enrich themselves as a competent and comprehensive student after graduated. Questionnaire was prepared in three phases. Phase 1 and 2 are about the adaptability of students to their working environment and how the knowledge and experience in classroom being integrating into real life work experiences. Phase 3 is about the professionalism and work ethics among industrial training students. The result shows that most of the industrial supervisors agreed that industrial training program is one of the vital contributors to the employability skills

Fuzzy TOPSIS method as a decision supporting system to rank Malaysia online shopping website quality during COVID-19 MCO 2020

The rapid growth of Internet technology development has allowed consumers to purchase online products or services, especially during the Movement Control Order (MCO) lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. Online shopping has become a new norm; however, the services needed frequent updates for improvements. Literature has shown that online shopping website quality influenced online shoppers’ decision-making. Hencein improving the quality of online shopping websites, the criteria for the website’s quality is vital. Therefore, this study aims to identify the criteria of Malaysia online shopping website quality and rank the website quality by using Fuzzy TOPSIS method. Questionnaire is developed for website usersto evaluate the online shopping website quality via google form and disseminated through social media. After data cleaning, 300 respondents’ data were used for analysis. The result shows that the online shopping website quality for Shopee is ranked the first, next is Lazada, then Lelong and finally the 11-street

Design of welding armrest based on ergonomics analysis: Case study at educational institution In Johor Bahru, Malaysia

© 2006-2018 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). Nowadays, many high technology machines, mechanical devices, and modern mechanical processes exist to create better products and to produce them instantly. The welding process is one of the mechanical processes to produce a product, and it requires the welder to stay in a static posture for long period of time. Due to this problem, the process is seen to be unsafe and unhealthy to the welder. This study focuses on students who perform welding activities in the welding workshop of an educational institution in Johor Bahru, Malaysia. The aims of this study were to propose a design to improve the welding process and reduce the ergonomics problem. The study used Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) analysis to analyze the posture of students during the welding process. The RULA analysis and proposed design were performed using CATIA V5R19 software. The results show that the proposed design gave better results which reduced the RULA score from 6 to 2 while the color turned from orange to green (acceptable position)