Results of hierarchical cluster analyses.

<div><p>Dendrograms of complete linkage hierarchical cluster analyses based on the vector of contrast beta weights per child within the reliability mask. D = dyscalculic child, C = control child. </p> <p>A. comparison task; B. calculation task; C. conjoint data of comparison and calculation task, cluster C1: red, cluster C2: blue, cluster C3: black.</p></div

Significant differences in brain activation pattern for individual dyscalculic children.

<div><p>Brain areas where an individual dyscalculic child shows a significant (p<0.05, corrected) difference compared to the control group as detected by means of the single-case comparison test by Crawford et al. [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083722#B23" target="_blank">23</a>] visualized with a different color per child.</p> <p>Top row: relative over-activation for comparison (left) and calculation (right) task;</p> <p>Bottom row: relative under-activation for comparison (left) and calculation (right) task.</p></div

Combinations of ROIs leading to the best classification rate in the SVA.

<p>A. two combinations of 7 ROIs for the comparison task; B. two combinations of 4 ROIs for the calculation task, C. one combination of 6 ROIs for the concatenated vector, D. ROIs that led most frequently to the best classification.</p

Second level group analysis of two clusters.

<p>Second level group analysis data tested against baseline for the two groups that were obtained from a conjoint cluster analysis (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083722#pone-0083722-g004" target="_blank">Figure 4C</a>). Brain (de)activations of the predominantly dyscalculic (C1) and the predominantly control (C2) cluster are depicted in red and blue respectively, overlap is depicted in pink. </p

Overall extent of significant differences in brain activation pattern.

<div><p>Brain areas, where at least one dyscalculic child shows a significant difference (p<0.05, corrected) in brain activation in comparison to the control group as detected by means of the single-case comparison test by Crawford et al. [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083722#B23" target="_blank">23</a>] are conjointly visualized with areas that showed significant (p<0.05, corrected) between group differences as detected by the standard GLM (see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083722#pone-0083722-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1C</a>). </p> <p>Relatively stronger or weaker activations as detected by means of the single-case comparison test by Crawford et al. [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083722#B23" target="_blank">23</a>] are shown in violet or green, respectively, whereas group effects follow the same color convention as in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0083722#pone-0083722-g001" target="_blank">Figure 1C</a>. </p></div

Brain activation during Executive Control contrast for patients with bulimia nervosa relative to healthy controls.

<p>The image shows an axial slices. For complete results, please refer to <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0161329#pone.0161329.t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a>. Executive control contrast Incongruent Target–Congruent Target. The whole-brain analysis was corrected for multiple comparisons using cluster thresholding of 40 voxels. Right, the mean beta values extracted from the region that differed significantly between the groups. BN: Bulimia nervosa, HC: Healthy controls, ACC: Anterior Cingulate Cortex.</p

Brain activation during Alertingcontrast for patients with bulimia nervosa relative to healthy controls.

<p>The images show three axial slices positioned superiorly to inferiorly from top to bottom. For complete results, please refer to <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0161329#pone.0161329.t002" target="_blank">Table 2</a>. Alerting contrast Double Cue–No Cue. The whole-brain analysis was corrected for multiple comparisons using cluster thresholding of 40 voxels. Right, the mean beta values extracted from the regions that differed significantly between the groups. BN: Bulimia nervosa, HC: Healthy controls, ACC: Anterior Cingulate Cortex.</p

Analysis of correlation with clinical parameters.

<p>Brain activations extracted from areas significantly different between BN and HC for Alerting, Reorienting and Executive Control were correlated with clinical parameters. Correlations were corrected for age, BMI, depression and anxiety scores. A: Hyperactive during Alerting, bilateral posterior cingulate correlated with global eating-disorder symptoms (SIAB total score); B: Hypoactive during Reorienting, temporo Parietal Junction (TPJ) correlated inversely with ADHD scores (WRI-total); C: Hypoactive during Executive Control, parahippocampal gyrus correlated inversely with impulsivity scores (BIS-total).</p

Paradigm of the Attention Network Task.

<p>A timeline of the task with several examples is shown from the lower left to the upper right. The task combines 4 cue conditions with 2 target conditions, which enables all 3 contrasts to be tested within a single experiment, thus eliminating the potential variance introduced by combining different tasks.</p

Demographics and clinical characteristics of female adolescents with bulimia nervosa and healthy controls.

<p>Demographics and clinical characteristics of female adolescents with bulimia nervosa and healthy controls.</p