5 research outputs found
Discovery of 1ā((2<i>R</i>,4a<i>R</i>,6<i>R</i>,7<i>R</i>,7a<i>R</i>)ā2-Isopropoxy-2-oxidodihydroā4<i>H</i>,6<i>H</i>āspiro[furo[3,2ā<i>d</i>][1,3,2]dioxaphosphinine-7,2ā²-oxetan]-6-yl)pyrimidine-2,4(1<i>H</i>,3<i>H</i>)ādione (JNJ-54257099), a 3ā²-5ā²-Cyclic Phosphate Ester Prodrug of 2ā²-Deoxy-2ā²-Spirooxetane Uridine Triphosphate Useful for HCV Inhibition
JNJ-54257099 (<b>9</b>) is
a novel cyclic phosphate ester
derivative that belongs to the class of 2ā²-deoxy-2ā²-spirooxetane
uridine nucleotide prodrugs which are known as inhibitors of the HCV
NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). In the Huh-7 HCV genotype
(GT) 1b replicon-containing cell line <b>9</b> is devoid of
any anti-HCV activity, an observation attributable to inefficient
prodrug metabolism which was found to be CYP3A4-dependent. In contrast,
in vitro incubation of <b>9</b> in primary human hepatocytes
as well as pharmacokinetic evaluation thereof in different preclinical
species reveals the formation of substantial levels of 2ā²-deoxy-2ā²-spirooxetane
uridine triphosphate (<b>8</b>), a potent inhibitor of the HCV
NS5B polymerase. Overall, it was found that <b>9</b> displays
a superior profile compared to its phosphoramidate prodrug analogues
(e.g., <b>4</b>) described previously. Of particular interest
is the in vivo dose dependent reduction of HCV RNA observed in HCV
infected (GT1a and GT3a) human hepatocyte chimeric mice after 7 days
of oral administration of <b>9</b>
Nucleotide Prodrugs of 2ā²-Deoxy-2ā²-spirooxetane Ribonucleosides as Novel Inhibitors of the HCV NS5B Polymerase
The limited efficacy, in particular
against the genotype 1 virus,
as well as the variety of side effects associated with the current
therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection necessitates more efficacious
drugs. We found that phosphoramidate prodrugs of 2ā²-deoxy-2ā²-spirooxetane
ribonucleosides form a novel class of HCV NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
inhibitors, displaying EC<sub>50</sub> values ranging from 0.2 to
>98 Ī¼M, measured in the Huh7-replicon cell line, with no
apparent
cytotoxicity (CC<sub>50</sub> > 98.4 Ī¼M). Confirming recent
findings, the 2ā²-spirooxetane moiety was identified as a novel
structural motif in the field of anti-HCV nucleosides. A convenient
synthesis was developed that enabled the synthesis of a broad set
of nucleotide prodrugs with varying substitution patterns. Extensive
formation of the triphosphate metabolite was observed in both rat
and human hepatocyte cultures. In addition, after oral dosing of several
phosphoramidate derivatives of compound <b>21</b> to rats, substantial
hepatic levels of the active triphosphate metabolite were found
Discovery of JNJ-1802, a First-in-Class Pan-Serotype Dengue Virus NS4B Inhibitor
Dengue
is a global public health threat, with about half of the
worldās population at risk of contracting this mosquito-borne
viral disease. Climate change, urbanization, and global travel accelerate
the spread of dengue virus (DENV) to new areas, including southern
parts of Europe and the US. Currently, no dengue-specific small-molecule
antiviral for prophylaxis or treatment is available. Here, we report
the discovery of JNJ-1802 as a potent, pan-serotype DENV
inhibitor (EC50ās ranging from 0.057 to 11 nM against
the four DENV serotypes). The observed oral bioavailability of JNJ-1802 across preclinical species, its low clearance in
human hepatocytes, the absence of major in vitro pharmacology safety
alerts, and a dose-proportional increase in efficacy against DENV-2
infection in mice were all supportive of its selection as a development
candidate against dengue. JNJ-1802 is being progressed
in clinical studies for the prevention or treatment of dengue
Discovery of JNJ-1802, a First-in-Class Pan-Serotype Dengue Virus NS4B Inhibitor
Dengue
is a global public health threat, with about half of the
worldās population at risk of contracting this mosquito-borne
viral disease. Climate change, urbanization, and global travel accelerate
the spread of dengue virus (DENV) to new areas, including southern
parts of Europe and the US. Currently, no dengue-specific small-molecule
antiviral for prophylaxis or treatment is available. Here, we report
the discovery of JNJ-1802 as a potent, pan-serotype DENV
inhibitor (EC50ās ranging from 0.057 to 11 nM against
the four DENV serotypes). The observed oral bioavailability of JNJ-1802 across preclinical species, its low clearance in
human hepatocytes, the absence of major in vitro pharmacology safety
alerts, and a dose-proportional increase in efficacy against DENV-2
infection in mice were all supportive of its selection as a development
candidate against dengue. JNJ-1802 is being progressed
in clinical studies for the prevention or treatment of dengue
Discovery and Early Development of TMC647055, a Non-Nucleoside Inhibitor of the Hepatitis C Virus NS5B Polymerase
Structure-based macrocyclization
of a 6-carboxylic acid indole
chemotype has yielded potent and selective finger-loop inhibitors
of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B polymerase. Lead optimization
in conjunction with in vivo evaluation in rats identified several
compounds showing (i) nanomolar potency in HCV replicon cells, (ii)
limited toxicity and off-target activities, and (iii) encouraging
preclinical pharmacokinetic profiles characterized by high liver distribution.
This effort culminated in the identification of TMC647055 (<b>10a</b>), a nonzwitterionic 17-membered-ring macrocycle characterized by
high affinity, long polymerase residence time, and broad genotypic
coverage. In vitro results of the combination of <b>10a</b> with
the HCV protease inhibitor TMC435 (simeprevir) supported an evaluation
of this combination in patients with regard to virus suppression and
resistance emergence. In a phase 1b trial with HCV genotype 1-infected
patients, <b>10a</b> was considered to be safe and well-tolerated
and demonstrated potent antiviral activity, which was further enhanced
in a combination study with TMC435