Leveraging Artificial Intelligence to Reduce Human-Animal Conflict in India

The case focuses on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) and computer vision (CV) technologies to solve a socially complex issue of human-animal conflict in the geographical regions surrounding the Tadoba Andhari Tiger Reserve (TATR) in Maharashtra state in central India. Due to an increasing tiger population, the villages surrounding the TATR often encountered tigers that strayed outside the reserve, sometimes leading to injuries or fatalities either to the humans or the wild animals involved. Valiance, a technology company, collaborated with the Forest department and other local stakeholders to create a computer vision based AI virtual wall system as a pilot project. The technology solution monitored the location 24hrs a day 7 days a week and had the capability of identifying tigers, leopards, and other predators, and sending out automated, real time alerts to help prevent human-animal conflict situations. Based on the outcome of the pilot, the solution could be refined and then a wider rollout could be planned

Garud Survey: A Case of Improving Safety and Transparency in Mining Operations Using Drone Technology

SAI Minerals Pvt. Limited (SAI Minerals), a renowned company engaged in mining cement-grade limestone and manufacturing cement in Rajasthan, India, has been grappling with recurring survey reconciliation and safety issues across its mining operations. Additionally, in compliance with new government regulations, they are now required to conduct aerial surveys and submit digital images and survey reports to the Indian Bureau of Mines (IBM). SAI Minerals sought a permanent solution to these challenges and approached Garud Survey Private Limited (Garud Survey), a technology-driven surveying agency. SAI Minerals recognized that these issues not only impacted their production but also tarnished the company\u27s reputation in the mining industry due to frequent accidents. Garud Survey recommended that the best approach to address the problem was to make the survey process faster and more accurate, enabling all stakeholders to have a clear and up-to-date view of the operational status. Garud Survey proposed the implementation of cutting-edge technology to identify and address the root cause of the problem. This case further explores the application of system analysis and design to the adoption and implementation of the latest technology in a real-world use case, as well as the challenges associated with managing change

Leveraging Text Mining for Trend Analysis and Comparison of Sustainability Reports: Evidence from Fortune 500 Companies

In the recent upsurge in environmental concerns, business sustainability has become more prominent than ever. Organizations worldwide are expected to function sustainably, causing the least negative impact on the environment and promoting harmony among the firm, environment, and society. Most firms report their actions related to sustainability in corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports. This research aims to understand and analyze contemporary trends in CSR reports by Fortune 500 companies using text mining. It compares how the focus of sustainability reports varies across countries and industries along key dimensions of sustainability (i.e., environmental, economic, social, and government). Findings from the study suggest variations in the focus of sustainability reports based on various factors, such as country of origin and company size, sector, and tenure, on the Fortune 500 list. Thus, it helps to gain a deeper understanding of the company’s motivations for focusing on various dimensions of corporate sustainability

INVESTIGATIONS ON THE INFLUENCE OF LASER SURFACE TREATMENT ON HARDNESS AND WEAR BEHAVIOUR OF AL-MMC PREPARED THROUGH POWDER METALLURGY ROUTE

Aluminium metal matrix composites (Al-MMCs) are extensively used in various industrial sectors, including aerospace, automotive, construction, and electronics, owing to higher hardness, low density, higher fatigue and specific strength. Powder metallurgy is an effective method for manufacturing composite materials. Compared to pure metals and alloys, the mechanical characteristics of the SiC-reinforced MMCs are enhanced. The Al-MMC surface can undergo metallurgical changes due to the laser treatment, which can also strengthen the binding between the matrix material and the reinforcement particles. Therefore, the current work investigates the impact of SiC particle addition and laser surface treatment on the hardness and wear characteristics of aluminium metal matrix composite (Al-MMC). The Al-MMC is initially fabricated using a powder metallurgy process, and then the MMC is treated with a laser. Compared to the untreated MMC, the laser surface treatment increased the hardness by almost 12%. Additionally, the addition of SiC content by 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% in laser-treated Al-MMC resulted in increased hardness by 12%, 14%, 15%, and 16%, respectively, compared to untreated Al-MMC. Furthermore, the wear resistance improved as the reinforcement particles increased. The laser-treated samples exhibited lower wear than untreated ones due to the formation of a new layer on the treated surface, preventing the release of SiC particles. The surface treatment of MMC through the laser is a novel approach to fabricating wear-resistant Al-MMCs

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BLUETOOTH, 802.11 AND HIPERLAN

ABSTRACT This manuscript presents comparison of various wireless services. Wireless network are used to communicate with different device which may be computer or any other consumer devices like ATM machines, Mobile Internet, LANs, etc. The wireless communication is used at commercial as well as personal use also to achieve the higher speed of data transfer, easy communication and utilization of the devices. In this area as infrastructural facilities are increased wireless services are widely used and gaining popularity among users this dissertation will help to identify advantages, limitations of wireless services (Like 802.11(IEEE 802.11), HIPERLAN, Home-RF (Home Radio Frequency), and Bluetooth) based on comparison of various parameters

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI