Status of the ANTARES Project

The ANTARES collaboration is constructing a neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea at a depth of 2400 metres, about 40 kilometres off the French coast near Toulon. The detector will consist of 12 vertical strings anchored at the sea bottom, each supporting 25 triplets of optical modules equipped with photomultipliers, yielding sensitivity to neutrinos with energies above some 10 GeV. The effective detector area is roughly 0.1 square kilometres for neutrino energies exceeding 10 TeV. The measurement of the Cherenkov light emitted by muons produced in muon-neutrino charged-current interactions in water and under-sea rock will permit the reconstruction of the neutrino direction with an accuracy of better than 0.3 degrees at high energies. ANTARES will complement the field of view of neutrino telescopes at the South Pole in the low-background searches for point-sources of high-energy cosmic neutrinos and will also be sensitive to neutrinos produced by WIMP annihilation in the Sun or the Galactic centre.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Proc. HEP2003 Europhysics Conf., Aachen, Germany, 17-23 July 200

Effects of aminoperimidine on electrolyte transport across amphibian skin

The effect of aminoperimidine (AP)on transepithelial Na+ transport and Cl- conductance (G(Cl)) of isolated amphibian skin (Bufo viridis and Rana esculenta) was analyzed using transepithelial and intracellular electrophysiological techniques. AP, applied at concentrations between 30 and 100 mu M from the mucosal side, stimulated Na+ transport rapidly and reversibly by more than 30% of the control value due to an increase in apical membrane Na+ permeability. Influence of AP on basolateral membrane conductance and effective driving force for Na+ were negligible. Voltage-activated G(Cl) of toad skin, but not the resting, deactivated conductance, as well as spontaneously high G(Cl) in frog skin was rapidly inhibited by AP in a concentration-dependent manner. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 20 mu M is the highest hithero reported inhibitory power for G(Cl) in amphibian skin. The effect of AP on G(Cl) was slowly and incompletely reversible even after brief exposure to the agent. Serosal application of AP had similar, albeit delayed effects on both Nai and Cl- transport. AP did not interfere with the Cl- pathway after it was opened by 100-300 mu M CPT-cAMP, a membrane-permeable, nonhydrolyzed analogue of cAMP. Inhibition of the voltage-activated G(Cl) by AP was attenuated or missing when AP was applied during voltage perturbation to serosa-positive potentials. Since AP is positively charged at physiological pH, it suggests that the affected site is located inside the Cl- pathway at a certain distance from the external surface. AP affects then the Na+ and Cl- transport pathways independent of each other. The nature of chemical interference with AP, which is responsible for the influence on the transport of Na+ and Cl-, remains to be elucidated

Study to perform preliminary experiments to evaluate particle generation and characterization techniques for zero-gravity cloud physics experiments

Methods of particle generation and characterization with regard to their applicability for experiments requiring cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) of specified properties were investigated. Since aerosol characterization is a prerequisite to assessing performance of particle generation equipment, techniques for characterizing aerosol were evaluated. Aerosol generation is discussed, and atomizer and photolytic generators including preparation of hydrosols (used with atomizers) and the evaluation of a flight version of an atomizer are studied

Relative systoles of relative-essential 2-complexes

We prove a systolic inequality for the phi-relative 1-systole of a phi-essential 2-complex, where phi is a homomorphism from the fundamental group of the complex, to a finitely presented group G. Indeed we show that universally for any phi-essential Riemannian 2-complex, and any G, the area of X is bounded below by 1/8 of sys(X,phi)^2. Combining our results with a method of Larry Guth, we obtain new quantitative results for certain 3-manifolds: in particular for Sigma the Poincare homology sphere, we have sys(Sigma)^3 < 24 vol(Sigma).Comment: 20 pages, to appear in Algebraic and Geometric Topolog

A Conformal Truncation Framework for Infinite-Volume Dynamics

We present a new framework for studying conformal field theories deformed by one or more relevant operators. The original CFT is described in infinite volume using a basis of states with definite momentum, $P$, and conformal Casimir, $\mathcal{C}$. The relevant deformation is then considered using lightcone quantization, with the resulting Hamiltonian expressed in terms of this CFT basis. Truncating to states with $\mathcal{C} \leq \mathcal{C}_{\max}$, one can numerically find the resulting spectrum, as well as other dynamical quantities, such as spectral densities of operators. This method requires the introduction of an appropriate regulator, which can be chosen to preserve the conformal structure of the basis. We check this framework in three dimensions for various perturbative deformations of a free scalar CFT, and for the case of a free $O(N)$ CFT deformed by a mass term and a non-perturbative quartic interaction at large-$N$. In all cases, the truncation scheme correctly reproduces known analytic results. We also discuss a general procedure for generating a basis of Casimir eigenstates for a free CFT in any number of dimensions.Comment: 48+37 pages, 17 figures; v2: references added, small clarification