クラスター分析を用いたうつ病の新分類

ハミルトンうつ病評価尺度(HDRS)をもとにクラスター分析を用いてうつ病患者を分類した.そして以下の結果が得られた.(1)うつ病を『るいそう型』,『軽症型』,『激越型』,『心気型』および『身体型』の5群に分類できた.(2)『るいそう型』は体重減少で特徴づけられた.(3)『軽症型』はHDRS得点が低く,特徴がなかった.(4)『激越型』は不眠,不安,激越,身体症状で特徴づけられた.(5)『心気型』は離人症,心気症,生殖器症状,身体症状で特徴づけられた.(6)『身体症』は不眠,身体症状,体重減少,日内変動で特徴づけられた.(7)躁病の既往があるものは『るいそう型』と『軽症型』に有意に偏った(p<0.05).We attempted to create a new classification of depression through the Cluster analysis using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). The results obtained were as follows: (1) We identified five groups; i.e., the emaciated type, the mild type, the agitated type, the hypochondriacal type and the somatic type. (2) The emaciated type was identified by loss of weight. (3) The mild type was characterized by no items and a low score on the HDRS. (4) The agitated type was identified by insomnia, anxiety, agitation and somatic symptoms. (5) The hypochondriacal type was characterized by depersonalization, hypochondriasis, genital symptoms and somatic symptoms. (6) The somatic type was identified by insomnia, somatic symptoms, loss of weight and diurnal variation. (7) Patients who had a manic episode in their past history significantly (p<0.05) deviated to the emaciated type and mild type

Changes in myoproteins follwing long-term with high intensity endurance training in rats

Effects of long-term with high intensity endurance training upon histochemically assessed myofibrillar actomyosin ATPase, myosin composition and creatine kinase content were analyzed in muscles from rats which were trained to run up to 240min/day at 40m/min. Following 16 weeks of the training, in M. soleus, proportions of slow-twitch oxidative (SO) fibers and slow type myosin light chains were increased ; no changes in myosin light chain were significantly observed. Furthermore, a decrease in creatine kinase was found in this muscle, indicating that SO fibers might have acquired slower properties. On the other hand, in M. extensor digitorum longus, there was only a transformation between fast-twitch fiber subgroups, with a decrease in LC3f by which fast myosin constructed was characterized by the highest myofibrillar ATPase activities. These data suggest that fiber type transformation may be brought about not only from fast-twitch glycolytic (FG) fibers to fast-twitch oxdative glycolytic (FOG) fibers but also from FOG fibers to SO fibers by long-term with high intensity endurance training.Masanobu Wada and Shigeru Katsuta, "Changes in myoproteins following long-term with high intensity endurance training in rats", Jap. J. Phys. Educ., 32-4 : 221-29, March, 198

Histochemical Study on the Effect of Jump Training upon the Skeletal Muscle Fibers in Rats

The present study was carried out to examine the histochemical adaptations of the skeletal muscle fibers induced by standing high jump training. Twenty one Wistar-strain male albino rats were used, of which ten were used for the jump training group and the remainings were as controls (non exercised group). After training for eight weeks, animals were sacrificed, and their soleus and plantaris muscles were excised. Transverse sections from the midportion of the muscle were stained for alpha glycerophosphate dehydrogenase, and those serial sections were prepared for the examination with a light microscope. As the results, there were no significant differences between the jump trained and the control rats as compared with following parameters, changes in muscle weight per body weight, rate of various types of muscle fiber number and comparison of muscle fiber diameter. In the view of the fact that the jump training did not cause the significant hypertrophy of muscle fibers, it suggest that more long term training program and higher intensity of load are necessary to clarify the training effect in tissue level

TWO-DIMENSIONAL ELECTROPHORETIC ANALYSIS OF MYOPROTEINS IN DEVELOPING RAT SKELETAL MUSCLE

Changes in myoproteins during development of rat skeletal muscle were investigated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. In M. soleus (SOL) which in adult, is composed predolninantly of slow twitch fibers, fast type myosin light chains(fLC)were the major species and slow type light chains (sLC) were the minor species at birth. During development, the replacement rate of fLC to SLC sequentially occurred so that LC patterns at 21 days postpartum were similar to adult where fLC were difficult to visualize. In contrast, M. extensor digitorum . longus (EDL) always contained dominant fLC although SLC were found only for 5～ 9 days. LC 3 f became detectable at 5 days and gradually increased. In α-tropomyosin there were isozymes of fast and slow type based on difference in molecular weight, but not in β-tropomyosin. Changes in isozymes of α-tropomyosin approxhuately corresponded with that in isozymes (fast and slow type) of LC in both EDL and SOL. During adult stage following birth, in EDL creatine kinase underwent a three-fold increase in molecular ratio to actin, whereas in SOL there was little change though increase took place transiently. These results suggest that with development many myoproteins change more dramatically in slow muscle than in fast muscle, and that transitions in LC isozymes and changes in distribution of histochemically typed muscle fibers may follow different time courses