18 research outputs found
An Integrated Assistance Tool for Visual Impairment
Although vision restoration is slowly becoming a reality through the various advancements in medical research and technology, the applicability of most methods are fairly limited as they only work in a few eye conditions and cannot provide help for most visually impaired people. Intelligent assistive devices however, albeit without offering visual experience, have three distinct advantages: they can be used by anyone, they have a huge potential cost advantage, and they can be brought to market much faster. We present a portable assistive device that processes the visual image flow provided by a built-in camera, and provides interactive detection and recognition functions. Pattern detection is designed to be universal, building on structural embeddedness and morphologic saliency including the Gestalt principles. Shape recognition in turn is trained for typical patterns appearing in specific situations proposed by blind experts. Testing is carried out regularly on blind subjects using experimental prototypes
Látásjavító implantátumok látóhártya-degenerációkban = Vision restoration with implants in retinal degenerations
Az ideghártya fényérzékelő sejtjeinek maradandó károsodásával járó és vaksághoz vezető betegségek eddig gyógyíthatatlannak bizonyultak. Jelenleg a szembe ültethető retinaimplantátumok fejlesztése biztat leghamarabb a klinikai gyakorlatba is bevezethető eredménnyel e betegek számára. A közlemény célja az eltérő működési elv alapján csoportosított, különböző fejlesztési szakaszban levő implantátumokkal kapcsolatos kutatások ismertetése és jellemzőinek kiemelése, valamint a fejlesztések hazai vonatkozásainak bemutatása. Az összefoglaló a nemzetközi szakirodalomban megjelent publikációk áttekintésével és feldolgozásával, valamint személyes tapasztalatok alapján kíván áttekintést nyújtani a retina degeneratív betegségei esetén beültethető retinaimplantátumokról. Az elmúlt évek mikroelektronikai fejlesztései tették lehetővé, hogy a retina elpusztult fotoreceptorainak helyettesítése elektromos ingerléssel sikeresen megoldható legyen. Több egymástól mind felépítésében, mind egyéb tulajdonságaiban jelentősen eltérő implantátum fejlesztése folyik jelenleg is egymással párhuzamosan. Ezek közül két, az ideghártyával közvetlen kapcsolatban álló, a szemgolyóba ültethető rendszer emelkedik ki. Az ideghártya alá ültethető, subretinalis típusú implantátumokkal sikerült eddig a legfinomabb felbontást elérni. Az ideghártya felszínére rögzített implantátumnak ugyan csekélyebb a felbontása, de rövidebb műtétet igényel a beültetése. A retinaimplantátumok segítségével egyes ideghártya-betegségekben immár bizonyított, hogy látásszerű élmény váltható ki. A multicentrikus klinikai vizsgálatok lezárását követően néhány éven belül várható, hogy többfajta implantátumtípus is megjelenik a klinikai gyakorlatban. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 537–545.
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Up until now there has been no available treatment for diseases causing the permanent impairment of retinal photoreceptors. Currently the development of the retinal prostheses is the earliest to promise a result that can be implemented in the clinical treatment of these patients. Implants with different operating principles and in various stages of progress are presented in details, highlighting the characteristics, as well as the Hungarian aspects of the development. This survey intends to provide an overview on retinal prostheses, implantable in case of degenerative diseases of the retina, by reviewing and assessing the papers published in relevant journals and based on personal experience. Developments in microelectronics in recent years made it possible and proved to be feasible to replace the degenerated elements in the retina with electrical stimulation. Multiple comparable approaches are running simultaneously. Two types of these implants are directly stimulating the remaining living cells in the retina. Hitherto the finest resolution has been achieved with the subretinal implants. Although the epiretinal implant offer lower resolution, but requires shorter surgery for implantation. Retinal implants in certain retinal diseases are proved to be capable of generating vision-like experiences. A number of types of retinal implants can be expected to appear in clinical practice a few years after the successful conclusion of clinical trials. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 537–545
Text recognition, event detection and some theoretical aspects of cellular wavw computer architectures
Shape Recognition Based on Projected Edges and Global Statistical Features
A combined shape descriptor for object recognition is presented, along with an offline and online learning method. The descriptor is composed of a local edge-based part and global statistical features. We also propose a two-level, nearest neighborhood type multiclass classification method, in which classes are bounded, defining an inherent rejection region. In the first stage, global features are used to filter model instances, in contrast to the second stage, in which the projected edge-based features are compared. Our experimental results show that the combination of independent features leads to increased recognition robustness and speed. The core algorithms map easily to cellular architectures or dedicated VLSI hardware
Saliency based Attention Mechanism for Topographic Architectures
Finding outstanding parts in a visual scene is a natural task that humans perform casually using skills learned in early childhood. The process is mostly unconscious, but may also be guided deliberately. This paper presents a model that formalizes abstract quantitative bottom-up cues influencing visual attention. We propose an interestingness metric based on which regions and pattern groups can be selected for processing in order of importance. To show that the cues match well the operator set of cellular visual processors, a sample implementation on the Toshiba-Teli Smart Photo Sensor and detailed results are presented