Study the Effect of Medicinal Plant Extracts on the Growth of Bacterial and Fungal

Study antimicrobial and antifungal activity of three selected plants medicinal Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Anise (Pimpinella anisum L.). The plants were extracted and dissolved with ethanol, and study the effects of them against growth of some bacterial pathogens isolates like (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus roseus and streptococcus pygenes) also study the effects of this plants extracts against the growth of some fungal like Candida tropicalis, Candida albicanus Penicillium sp. Fusarium sp. Rhizopus sp. Aspergillus niger . The results showed that all plants extracts exhibited antibacterial activity and antifungal activity against the tested isolates in tow concentration (10-1 and 10-3). S. aureus was the most bacterial species effected inhibition zone (18 mm) with Rosemary and the lowest species of bacteria effected and show minimum inhibition zone (8 mm) was Anise against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, on the other hand the highs inhibition zone against fungi was recorded with Anise so (18 mm) which inhabit growth of Aspergillus niger and the minimum inhibition zone (8 mm) show with Ginger against C. albicanus. Keywords: Plant extracts, Rosemary , Ginger , Anis

Antimicrobial Inhibition Activity of Some Plant Oil Extracts (Syzygium aromticum , Cinnamomum zeylanicum and Citrus limon)

The be done study impression concentrations different from of Extraction essential oils some of the plants clove (Syzygium aromticum L.), Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and lemon  (Citrus  limon)  against isolations bacterial and which included(Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli,  Micrococcus roseus, Serratia  sp) and isolations fungals (Penicillium sp. Rhizopus sp. Fusarium sp., Aspergillus  niger) where showed  results if extract essential of clove got  high inhibition against bacterial ,comparison with extract essential of lemon .Were rate inhibition extract oil of clove against bacterial at concentration 0.1, 8.98%, 10,67%, 9.48%, 11.54% mg/ml  on respectively and against fungal 18.24%, 17,84%, 15.08%, 16.15% mg/ml  on respectively while extract of lemon were rate inhibition low from inhibition extract of clove and got inhibition complete against bacterial and fungal extract essential of clove at concentration 1,2.5,5 mg/ml while got inhibition complete against bacterial and fungal extract essential of lemon  at concentration 2.5,5 mg/ml while got inhibition complete against fungal extract oil Cinnamon at concentration 1,2.5,5 mg/ml . where showed  results if extract oil Cinnamon got  high inhibition against fungal ,comparison with extract oil clove and lemon. Keywords: Extract oils, plant ,clove ,lemon, Cinnamon, antimicrobi

Solvability of Some Types for Multi-fractional Integro-Partial Differential Equation

خلال البحث تم المناقشة وبالتفصيل قابلية الحل لبعض الأنظمة من المعادلات المتعددة التفاضلية التكاملية ذات الرتب الكسرية باستخدام مفهوم مسائل كوشي المختصرة وايضا نظرية شبه زمرة المختارة مع بعض الشروط الضرورية والكافية.In this article, the solvability of some proposal types of the multi-fractional integro-partial differential system has been discussed in details by using the concept of abstract Cauchy problem and certain semigroup operators and some necessary and sufficient conditions.

Determination a Reasonable Concession Period for (PPP) Projects

Public Private Partnership (PPP) are agreements where public bodies enter into long term contractual with private entities for construction or management the public sector facilities, or provision services to the community. Internal rate of return (IRR), pay back regime or tariff, and the concession period (CP) are essential items to success (PPP) projects. This research presents a systematic approach for a win-win partnership contract determined on a quantitative basis, by informing the partnership parties how long contract period should be made.  Essence of the proposed methodology is that project completion time should allow a competent contractor to complete the project on schedule and operation period should be long enough to enable the concessionaire to achieve a reasonable return, but not too long such that concessionaire’s return is excessive and public sector’s interests are sacrificed. A case study of a PPP project in Mayoralty of Baghdad was conducted to evaluate performance of the developed mathematical models. The determined concession period (CP) has found to be approximately equal to actual concession period (CP) granted to the private sector.  Evaluation shows the possibility to adopt the proposed approach to determine the concession period (CP) more effectively. Instead of opportunism policy, the proposed methodology enables local government of Baghdad province to enhance its policies of awarding the partnership projects to increase private sector participation in infrastructure development. Finally, the proposed method can be used by investment practitioners as a decision support tool for contract concession period (CP), and is worth popularizing to design the contracted concession period (CCP) for partnership projects in Iraq, and also can use as a methodology to assess the critical aspects which related to partnership projects in general

Performance of free-running end -pumped Nd:YAG laser system

Experiments on a end-pumped Nd:YAG rod laser will be presented, the high performance of this laser in terms of output power, laser slope efficiency, single longitudinal and transverse mode operation and stability. This high performance of these laser devices attractive for a variety of applications. Keywords : Beam quality , free- running , diode pum

Single channel overlapped-speech detection and separation of spontaneous conversations

PhD ThesisIn the thesis, spontaneous conversation containing both speech mixture and speech dialogue is considered. The speech mixture refers to speakers speaking simultaneously (i.e. the overlapped-speech). The speech dialogue refers to only one speaker is actively speaking and the other is silent. That Input conversation is firstly processed by the overlapped-speech detection. Two output signals are then segregated into dialogue and mixture formats. The dialogue is processed by speaker diarization. Its outputs are the individual speech of each speaker. The mixture is processed by speech separation. Its outputs are independent separated speech signals of the speaker. When the separation input contains only the mixture, blind speech separation approach is used. When the separation is assisted by the outputs of the speaker diarization, it is informed speech separation. The research presents novel: overlapped-speech detection algorithm, and two speech separation algorithms. The proposed overlapped-speech detection is an algorithm to estimate the switching instants of the input. Optimization loop is adapted to adopt the best capsulated audio features and to avoid the worst. The optimization depends on principles of the pattern recognition, and k-means clustering. For of 300 simulated conversations, averages of: False-Alarm Error is 1.9%, Missed-Speech Error is 0.4%, and Overlap-Speaker Error is 1%. Approximately, these errors equal the errors of best recent reliable speaker diarization corpuses. The proposed blind speech separation algorithm consists of four sequential techniques: filter-bank analysis, Non-negative Matrix Factorization (NMF), speaker clustering and filter-bank synthesis. Instead of the required speaker segmentation, effective standard framing is contributed. Average obtained objective tests (SAR, SDR and SIR) of 51 simulated conversations are: 5.06dB, 4.87dB and 12.47dB respectively. For the proposed informed speech separation algorithm, outputs of the speaker diarization are a generated-database. The database associated the speech separation by creating virtual targeted-speech and mixture. The contributed virtual signals are trained to facilitate the separation by homogenising them with the NMF-matrix elements of the real mixture. Contributed masking optimized the resulting speech. Average obtained SAR, SDR and SIR of 341 simulated conversations are 9.55dB, 1.12dB, and 2.97dB respectively. Per the objective tests of the two speech separation algorithms, they are in the mid-range of the well-known NMF-based audio and speech separation methods

Spectroscopy Characterization of Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Degradation by Different Kinds of Accelerated Aging

يقدم البحث رؤية حول التشوه الحاصل في التركيب الكيمياوي للبوليمر المشترك المتحلل  اثلين فنيل الخلات EVA وذلك بحسب تغير نسبة قيم ثوابت المعدل المستحصلة من منحنيات الحركية الطيفية للعينات المتحللة. اذ تم تحديد  تضبيط رسم منحنيات الحركية الطيفية للفلورة ولمجالين مميزين من الاطوال الموجية لشدات الفلورة. حيث أظهرت الاطوال الموجية القصيرة (320-400 nm) تداخلا في الاطياف, بينما عند الاطوال الموجية الطويلة (400-800 nm) بدت الاطياف منتظمة وحسب أزمنة التعتيق المعجل. أن النسبة لثابت معدل سرعة التفاعل  عند الاطوال الموجية الطويلة الى ثابت معدل سرعة التفاعل للاطوال الموجية القصيرة هو المعيار لدرجة التشوه في البنية الكيمياوية. حيث يعتمد المعامل المولاري الخارجي على البنية الكيمياوية. من خلال قياس الامتصاصية, تم تصنيف نماذج EVA الى مجموعتين. اذ ان وجود اضافات Cyasorb هي النقطة الرئيسية في التصنيف. تم دراسة تأثير الأنواع المختلفة للتعتيق المعجل وهي, تسخين جاف عند 115 ℃و تسخين رطب عند رطوبة نسبية مقدارها 85% ودرجة حرارة 85 ℃ وتعتيق التشعيع بالاشعة فوق البنفسجية عند درجة حرارة 65 ℃ وعند ازمنة تعتيق مختلفة لكل مجموعة. وقد تم مناقشة نتائج اطياف الامتصاص والفلورة للعينات. اجمالا, فان اضافة Cyasorb تسبب تشوه اعلى في التركيب الكيمياوي عند تحلل. EVA  أن العامل الاكثر تأثيرا هو التعتيق الرطب بينما الاقل يحصل بواسطة التشعيع بالاشعة فوق البنفسجية. بينما تغير التركيب الكيمياوي الاكبر يحدث للعينة الخالية من اضافة Cyasorb , حيث ينتج من التعتيق الرطب أما التغير الاقل فينتج بواسطة التسخين الجاف.            This paper presents a sight about the chemical structure deformation of poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) samples according to the change ratio of rate constant values. Spectroscopy kinetics fluorescence curves are fitted for two characteristic wavelength domains of fluorescent intensities. The short wavelengths (320-400 nm) domain show spectra overlapping, while at long wavelengths (400-800 nm) domain spectra are arranged in regular for each specific accelerated aging time. The ratio of kinetics rate constant at long wavelengths to kinetics rate constant of short wavelengths is the criterion of the degree chemical structure deformation. Molar extrinsic coefficient relies on the chemical structure change. Through absorbance measurement, EVA samples have been classified into two groups. Presence of Cyasorb additive is the key point of the ranking. The effect of three different accelerated aging of dry (115 oC), damp (85% moisture, 85 oC), and irradiated (UV, 65 oC) aging have been considered for two samples of each group over different aging time. Spectroscopy of absorbance and fluorescent for aged samples have been discussed. In general, Cyasorb adding causes higher chemical structure deformation for the EVA sample. The most effective factor is the damp aging and the less one is the UV irradiation aging, while the biggest chemical structure change of Cyasorb-free sample is produced by damp aging and the less by dry heat.  &nbsp

Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Plant Extracts of (Thymus vulgaris) and (Cinnamomum) against fungal

The present study impression concentrations different from extract alcohol some of the medicinal plants thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum zylanicum) agent isolation the fungal and which included (Aspergillus niger, Penicillium ssp, Fusarium ssp, Alternariа ssp, Cladosporium ssp, Mucor ssp, Rhizopus ssp, Botrytis ssp ) where showed the results if extract thyme give higher inhibition against fungal at concentration 1500 mg/ml Aspergillus niger, Penicillium ssp, Fusarium ssp, Alternariа ssp, Cladosporium ssp, Mucor ssp, Rhizopus ssp, Botrytis ssp. of 9 mm , 5 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 8 mm, 10mm,8 mm on respectively comparative other while was extract cinnamon effected low from extract thyme agents fungal at concentration 1500 mg/ml Aspergillus niger, Penicillium ssp, Fusarium ssp, Alternariа ssp, Cladosporium ssp, Mucor ssp, Rhizopus ssp, Botrytis ssp. of 11 mm , 8 mm, 9 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 9 mm, 11mm,10 mm on respectively . got decrease inhibition against fungal Aspergillus niger, Penicillium ssp, Fusarium ssp, Alternariа ssp, Cladosporium ssp, Mucor ssp, Rhizopus ssp, Botrytis ssp both extract (thyme and cinnamon) . Key words. :Plant extracts, fungal, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Alternariа, Cladosporium, Mucor, Rhizopus, Botryti

The Optimization of HiperLAN/2 Baseband Transceiver Based Wavelet Signals with Multiple Antennas

The present trends in the improvement of high-data-rate wireless systems focus on the integration of multiple input, multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), this paper investigates a new approach to the adaptation of the HiperLAN/2 Baseband Transceiver based on Haar orthonormal wavelets signals and the physical layer performance of wireless communications systems, as well as multi-antenna techniques, such as multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The use Alamouti-based orthogonal space-time block coding technique. In MATLAB/ Simulink modeling simulation proved that the performance of HiperLAN/2 Baseband Transceiver Based wavelet Signals has a significant degradation in the packet (PDU or PSDU) error rate (PER) compared to conventional HiperLAN/2 Baseband Transceiver due to the considerable channel models. Keywords: HiperLAN/2, OFDM, DWT, IDWT, MIMO, PER, C/N

Improving HiperLAN/2 Physical Layer Model Based Multiwavelet Signals by using Block Turbo Codes System

The progress of broadband wireless communication systems should cope with different performance restrictive challenges that include channel fading as well as size and power limitations at the mobile units.  In this paper, the Block Turbo Codes (BTC) is evaluated for the HiperLAN/2 OFDM system based multiwavelet signals. Matlab software-simulated physical layer performance results are presented show that Packet-Error- Rate (PER) performance is improved when using block turbo codes in the HiperLAN/2 system. We also show that the frequency interleaver has a big impact on the performance of the turbo decoding process and that increasing its size lead to good performance when compared to the convolutional code Keywords: HiperLAN/2, OFDM, DMWT, IDMWT, BTC, PER