29 research outputs found
Jobless Youth and \u27Periphery Freeters\u27in Japan(<Special issue>New Approaches to the Study of \u27Freeters\u27)
Get PDFこれまで様々な論者によって研究が進められてきた「フリーター」は,主として「残業のない正社員なみ」に働いている若者が多く含まれていた.こうした若者を本稿では「中核的」なフリーターと位置づけ,「あまり働いていない」者を「周辺的」フリーターとし,さらに「働いていない」者を「無業」として,その現状と問題を明らかにした.政府統計を用いた分析によれば,(1)「周辺的フリーター」はおよそ35万人,無業者はおよそ80万人と推計される(2)90年代後半以降,非在学・非家事の「無業」が増加している,という傾向が見られた.また都道府県別に失業と無業の関係をみたところ,若年男性では雇用情勢の厳しい都道府県で無業化していたが,女性については家事従事者が増加するためはっきりした相関が見られなかった.こうした「周辺的フリーター」の増加に対して,すでに就業支援を行っている機関に対してインタビューを行い,若者に対する認識と,その認識に基づく支援の論理の構築を探った.インタビューによれば,これらの諸機関の活動はそれぞれの範囲では十分機能しているものの,しばしば限定的な支援を正当化する論理へと帰結しているという問題が見出された.今後は,これまで十分に注目されてこなかった「周辺的フリーター」の現状把握と,若者から信頼される支援のさらなる構築が求められる.This paper aims to investigate the actual situation of ""periphery freeter"" and NEET. ""Periphery freeter"" are seldom working young people. According to the analysis, (1) ""periphery freeter"" are estimated about 800,000 people. (2) about 350,000 are NEET. In case of youth male the relation between unemployment rate and NEET was mutually related. But the correlation about a woman was not seen. Moreover the interview of the organization which has already offered employment support says the problem is the logic which often justifies limitation-support
Prevalence of pathogenic germline variants in the circulating tumor DNA testing
Get PDFBACKGROUND: Somatic and germline variants are not distinguishable by circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) testing without analyzing non-tumor samples. Although confirmatory germline testing is clinically relevant, the criteria for selecting presumed germline variants have not been established in ctDNA testing. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence of pathogenic germline variants in clinical ctDNA testing through their variant allele fractions (VAFs). METHODS: A total of consecutive 106 patients with advanced solid tumors who underwent ctDNA testing (Guardant360®) between January 2018 and March 2020 were eligible for this study. To verify the origin of pathogenic variants reported in ctDNA testing, germline sequencing was performed using peripheral blood DNA samples archived in the Clinical Bioresource Center in Kyoto University Hospital (Kyoto, Japan) under clinical research settings. RESULTS: Among 223 pathogenic variants reported in ctDNA testing, the median VAF was 0.9% (0.02-81.8%), and 88 variants with ≥ 1% VAFs were analyzed in germline sequencing. Among 25 variants with ≥ 30% VAFs, seven were found in peripheral blood DNA (BRCA2: n = 6, JAK2: n = 1). In contrast, among the 63 variants with VAFs ranging from 1 to < 30%, only one variant was found in peripheral blood DNA (TP53: n = 1). Eventually, this variant with 15.6% VAF was defined to be an acquired variant, because its allelic distribution did not completely link to those of neighboring germline polymorphisms. CONCLUSION: Our current study demonstrated that VAFs values are helpful for selecting presumed germline variants in clinical ctDNA testing
Laços que prendem: interpretações culturais sobre a maturidade tardia na Europa ocidental e no Japão
Full text linkIntimate expectations and practices: freeter relationships and marriage in contemporary Japan
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