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Not AvailableObjective: To assess the effect of foot and mouth disease (FMD) vaccination on seminal and biochemical profiles of semen of mithun at pre and post vaccinated stage. Methods: The breeding bulls were maintained at Semen Collection Centre, National Research Centre on Mithun, Jharnapani, Nagaland. A total of 160 ejaculates were collected from eight mithun bulls twice a week at about 4 weeks in pre vaccinated stage and 12 weeks post vaccinated stage to know the effect of vaccine stress on seminal and biochemical profiles of mithun semen. The vaccine was given at the end of the 4th week of experimental period and semen was collected and evaluated upto the 16th weeks of experimental period. Result: It revealed that FMD vaccination affected the sperm functional and biochemical parameters significantly (P<0.05) upto 10th weeks of vaccination. But the animal recovered slowly in both physical health and spermiogram. Conclusion: The adverse effect of vaccination on seminal parameters suggest that the semen collection and preservation should be suspended till 10th week of vaccination using such semen in this precious species.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe present study was undertaken to assess the effect of melatonin (MT) on sperm motility, viability, total sperm abnormality, acrosomal and plasma membrane integrity, DNA abnormality, antioxidant profiles such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), enzymatic profiles such as aspartate amino transaminase (AST), alanine amino transaminase (ALT), and biochemical profiles such as malonaldehyde (MDA) production and cholesterol efflux. Total numbers of 30 ejaculates were collected twice a week from eight mithun bulls and semen was split into five equal aliquots, diluted with the TEYC extender. Group 1 has semen without additives (control) and group 2 to group 5 have semen that was diluted with 1mM, 2mM, 3mM, and 4mMof melatonin, respectively.These seminal parameters, antioxidant, enzymatic, and biochemical profiles were assessed at 5∘C for 0, 6, 12, 24, and 30 h of incubation. Inclusion of melatonin into diluent resulted in significant ( < 0.05) decrease in percentages of dead spermatozoa, abnormal spermatozoa, and acrosomal abnormalities at different hours of storage periods as compared with control group. Additionally,melatonin at 3mMhas significant improvement in quality ofmithun semen than melatonin at 1mM, 2mMor 4mMstored in in vitro for up to 30 h. It was concluded that the possible protective effects of melatonin on spermparameters are it preventsMDA production and preserve the antioxidants and intracellular enzymes during preservation.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableMithun (Bos frontalis) is mostly utilized for meat purpose by the local tribal people of north eastern hilly region of India. Meat born diseases are very important issues for the people of these areas from the public health point of view. In order to realize the issues, the serological prevalence of Toxoplasmosis was carried out as per ELISA kit (CHEKIT* TOXOTEST, IDEXX Laboratory, USA) to find out Toxoplasma gondii antibody. As a whole, out of 195 animals examined, only 8 (4.10 %) animals were found to be suspected and one (0.51 %) animal was found to be positive in this precious animal of the north eastern region.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableThe present study was undertaken to assess the effect of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on sperm motility, viability, total spermabnormality, acrosomal and plasmamembrane integrity. A total of 30 ejaculates were collected from mithun bulls and semen was split into five equal aliquots, diluted with the TEYC extender. Group 1: semen without additives (control), group 2 to group 4: semen was diluted with 5 mg/ml, 10 mg/ml and 20 mg/ml of BSA, respectively. These seminal parameters were assessed at 5oC for 0, 6, 12, 24 and 30 h of incubation. Inclusion of BSA into diluent resulted in significant (P <0.05) decrease in percentages of dead spermatozoa, abnormal spermatozoa and acrosomal abnormalities at different hours of storage periods as compared with control group.Additionally, BSAat 5mg/ml has significant (p< 0.05) improvement in quality of semen than BSA at 10 mg/ml and 20 mg/ml stored in in-vitro for up to 30 h. It was concluded that the possible protective effects of BSA on sperm parameters may be due to the prevention of lipid peroxidation.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableMitochondrial DNA sequence of the sub-unit 1 of cytochrome c oxidase (Cox1) and ribosomal DNA sequence of the first internal transcribed spacer (ITS-1) of Fasciola collected from mithun and cattle from Arunachal Pradesh, India were characterized at molecular level in order to identify the species of parasite. Based on sequence and phylogenetic analysis, the identity of the parasite was confirmed as Fasciola gigantica in mithun as well as from cattle. In order to know histopathological alteration in Fasciola infection, a histopathological study was performed on eight liver specimens, out of 110 animals studied during the period from 2010-2016. Histopathological examination of F.gigantica infected liver showed extensive fibrous connective tissue proliferation with necrosis of hepatocytes and infiltration of polymorphonuclear cell. There was evidence of migratory tracts of parasites with losing of normal lobular hepatic architecture. Bile duct proliferation was followed by congestion of portal vein with perivascular cuffing with surrounding degeneration of hepatocytes. The hepatocytes showed pyknosis with hyperplasia of bile duct.Not Availabl

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