General Evaluation of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders with Symptoms and Signs

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders are a group of conditions, often with overlapping signs, symptoms and etiology. Pain during mandibular movement, limitation of movements, clicking and joint noises are the most common presenting complaints in TMJ disorders. The movements of the jaw must be measured passively; normally, the inter incisor opening is 34-44 mm. The mandibular protrusion should be up to 10 mm. The lateral movements are normally 10 mm to each side. Turk J Phys Med Rehab 2010;56 Suppl 1:11-4

Bone Mineral Density of Stroke Patients and it’s Clinical Relevance - Original Investigation

Aim: The aim of this study were to compare paretic and non- paretic side’s bone mineral density (BMD) and to investigate whether demographic, clinical and some laboaratory findings were correlated with bone mineral loss or not in stroke patients. Patients and Methods: 46 unilateral stroke patients mean aged 61.8±5.8 were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were evaluated. Brunnstrom motor recovery scale, Turkish version of the FIM, Ashworth scale, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used for assessments. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry’s Biochemical’s data were collected. Statistics were analyzed using SPSS version 10.0. Results: The BMDs of the paretic side were statistically significant lower than the non-paretic side at femoral neck BMD/T scores and distal radius T scores (p<0.05). BMDs and T scores of left sided stroke patients were statistically significant lower than non-paretic side at distal radius and femur, but BMD and T scores of right sided stroke patients were not statistically significant different than their non-paretic side BMD of women were statistically significant lower from than men’s BMD, (p<0.05) There were a correlation BDI and mobilization, r=-0,379 (p<0.05). Lower functional independence measurements score were found a relationship with osteoporosis. Conclussion: Low FIM scores can predict low BMD. Early walking and mobility must be targeted in stroke rehabilitation. Bigger sample sized, prospective studies must designed for observation of depression effect on osteoporosis in stroke. (From the World of Osteoporosis 2007;13:49-55

Bone mineral density of stroke patients and it’s clinical relevance

Amaç: Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, inmeli hastalarda paretik ve nonparetik tarafların kemik mineral yoğunluğu (KMY) değerlerini karşılaştırmak, kemik mineral kaybı varlığı ile demografik, klinik özellikler ve bazı laboratuar bulguları arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir. Hastalar ve Yöntem: Yaş ortalaması 61.8±5.8 yıl olan 46 tek taraflı inmeli hasta çalışmaya alındı. Klinik ve demografik özellikler değerlendirildi. Brunnstrom evrelemesi, fonksiyonel bağımsızlık ölçümünün Türkçe versiyonu (FBÖ), Ashworth skalası, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) değerlendirmelerde kullanıldı. Dual-enerji X-ray absorpsiometri ile KMY biokimyasal veriler toplandı. İstatistikler SPSS versiyon 10.0 ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Paretik tarafın femur boynu KMY/T skorları ve distal radius T skoru paretik olmayan taraftan istatistiksel anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü (p<0.05). Sol hemiplejiklerin femur total ve distal radius KMY/T skorları paretik olmayan taraflarından daha düşüktü, fakat sağ hemiplejiklerde paretik olmayan tarafla anlamlı fark yoktu. Kadınların KMY’leri erkeklerin KMY’lerinden istatistiksel anlamlı olarak daha düşüktü (p<0.05). BDÖ ve mobilite arasında anlamlı korelasyon mevcuttu, r=-0,379 (p<0.05). Düşük FBÖ puanları ile osteoporoz varlığı arasında bir ilişki saptandı. Sonuç: Düşük FBÖ puanları düşük KMY’nin göstergesi olabilir. Erken yürüme ve mobilite inme rehabilitasyonunda hedef alınmalıdır. İnmeli hastalarda depresyonun osteoporoza etkisini gözlemlemek için daha büyük ölçekli, prospektif çalışmalar dizayn edilmelidir. (Osteoporoz Dünyasından 2007;13:49-55)Aim: The aim of this study were to compare paretic and non- paretic side&amp;#8217;s bone mineral density (BMD) and to investigate whether demographic, clinical and some laboaratory findings were correlated with bone mineral loss or not in stroke patients. Patients and Methods: 46 unilateral stroke patients mean aged 61.8&plusmn;5.8 were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients were evaluated. Brunnstrom motor recovery scale, Turkish version of the FIM, Ashworth scale, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used for assessments. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry&amp;#8217;s Biochemical&amp;#8217;s data were collected. Statistics were analyzed using SPSS version 10.0. Results: The BMDs of the paretic side were statistically significant lower than the non-paretic side at femoral neck BMD/T scores and distal radius T scores (p&lt;0.05). BMDs and T scores of left sided stroke patients were statistically significant lower than non-paretic side at distal radius and femur, but BMD and T scores of right sided stroke patients were not statistically significant different than their non-paretic side BMD of women were statistically significant lower from than men&amp;#8217;s BMD, (p&lt;0.05) There were a correlation BDI and mobilization, r=-0,379 (p&lt;0.05). Lower functional independence measurements score were found a relationship with osteoporosis. Conclussion: Low FIM scores can predict low BMD. Early walking and mobility must be targeted in stroke rehabilitation. Bigger sample sized, prospective studies must designed for observation of depression effect on osteoporosis in stroke. (From the World of Osteoporosis 2007;13:49-55

Efficacy of tenoxicam on the experimental pain model in rats

Nonsteroid antiinflamatuvar ilaçların (NSAİİ) analjezik etkileri hücre yıkımı ardından oluşan prostaglandin ve benzeri algojenik vazoaktif maddelerin inhibisyonu ile açıklanmaya çalışır Oysa NSAİİ'nin doku yıkımı olmadan oluşan ağrıyı başka santral ve periferik mekanizmalarla da inhibe edebileceği ileri sürülmektedir. Bu düşünceden yola çıkılarak, bir NSAİİ olan tenoksikamin sıçanlarda ısı ile oluşturulan deneysel ağrı eşiğine olan etkisini ölçmek ve inflamasyonun devreye girmediği potansiyel ağrı modelinde etkisini araştırmak amaçlandı. On adet Wistar-Albino sıçan çalışmaya alınarak iki gruba ayrıldı, 5 tanesine nazogastrik tüp ile 3 mg/kg dozda tenoksikam, diğer 5'ine ise plasebo verildi. İki saat sonra ışık ile oluşturulan ısı kaynağı kullanılarak "tail-flick" yöntemi ile ağrıya reaksiyon süresi ölçüldü. Tenoksikam verilen sıçanlarda ısıya dayanma süresi kontrol grubundaki sıçanlardan daha uzun olup aralarındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı idi (sırası ile, 14 ± 9.13 saniye, 5.5±1.29 saniye, p<0.05). Sonuçlar tenoksikamin doku harabiyeti gelişmeden ısıyla oluşturulan ağrıya direnci arttırdığını göstermektedir. Tenoksikamin periferden veya santral yollarla ağrı iletimini engelleyebilme özelliği taşıdığı düşünülmektedir.The mechanism involved in the analgesic activity of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been considered by prostaglandins and other vasoactive substrates synthesis after cell injury. It is claimed that NSAIDs have analgesic effect by other central and peripheral mechanisms other than tissue injury. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tenoxicam, as NSAID, on the threshold of the experimental pain due to heat, and to investigate the effect on the pain model without inflammation. Ten Wistar-Albino rats were assigned to two groups, each of which was made up of five rats. 3 mg/kg tenoxicam was administered to study group, and placebo the control group. After 2 hours, tails of the rats heated by halogen light using analgesimeter. Reaction time to pain was measured by tail-flick method. Pain tolerance time to heat was significantly longer in the tenoxicam group than controls (respectively, 14 &plusmn; 9.13 sec, 5.5 &plusmn; 1.29 sec, p&lt;0.05). These results had shown that tenoxicam increased tolerance time to pain secondary to heat without tissue injury. It is considered that tenoxicam has central or peripheral blocking effect of pain conduction