YAG Laser Treatment of Tinea Pedis

A clinical experiment on the treatment of tinea pedis infections (common as an athlete’s foot) was conducted using a pulsed Nd-YAG laser with an output energy of 0.5 joule/pulse and duration of 1 millisecond. The experiment was supported by 13 volunteers for skin samples used in this experiment. The treatment was performed with the following irradiation condition; an energy density of 400 joule/cm2 at a skin sample surface, a spot diameter of the laser beam on the surface of 0.4 mm and a repetition rate of laser pulse shots of 3 Hz. It was shown that the laser treatment was very effective even when a horney laser was thickly cornified by serious tinea pedis; about half of the volunteers were healed with a cure rate of about 70% and, among others, two were cured completely

Studies on CO2 Laser Treatment of Tinea Pedis

An experiment on the treatment of tinea pedis, common athlete’s foot, infections was done using a pulsed CO2 laser having an output energy of 3 joule/pulse and pulse duration of 0.5 μsec. Based on the results by the culture experiment, the ratio of the number of the samples having a cure rate of above 70% to all the samples is about 0.55 for thin skin and 0.35 for thick skin. The itchiness on the blistered infected parts virtually disappear within a few hours after the laser irradiation and the vesicles almost completely disapper within about 2 days

The Deposition Rate of Arsenic by the Hydrogen Reduction of Arsenic (III) Chloride

The hydrogen reduction of arsenic (III) chloride has been examined under different conditions. The reduction was carried out in gas phase, and the manometric measurement showed that the reaction in gas phase did not proceed below 450℃. Arsenic was deposited on a substrate heated in the flow of the mixed gas composed of arsenic (III) chloride and a large excess of hydrogen, and its deposition rate was measured. The activation energy of arsenic deposition was found to be 22.3kcal/mol (298～370℃), when the rate-determining step was the chemical reaction proceeding on the surface of previously deposited arsenic

Preparation of Ultrafine Oxide Powders by Inductively Coupled Plasma Generated with Modified Conventional Induction Heater

Ultrafine oxide powders (MgO and ZrO_2, 0.01 μm order of size) were prepared by spraying nitrate solutions into an argon inductively coupled plasma of ultra-high temperature (ICP). A conventional induction heater (5 kw, 400 kHz and thyratron-controlled) was modified for generating the argon ICP flame. The basic modification consisted in increasing its power and frequency (15 kw, 4-16 MHz and thyristor-control led). In order to quench the formed powders rapidly, a water-cooled powder collector was used. The particle shape of the magnesium oxide was not cubic but roundish, and the main phase of the zirconium oxide was metastable tetragonal-ZrO_2. These suggest that the powders formed by ICP should be quenched so rapidly that they could not grow large or could not convert to high temperature phases. The particle size distribution of the magnesium oxide followed the Gaussian type of formula proposed by Aboav (range 0.016-0.044 μm, modal diameter 0.028 μm)

Scalable Spin Amplification with a Gain over a Hundred

We propose a scalable and practical implementation of spin amplification which does not require individual addressing nor a specially tailored spin network. We have demonstrated a gain of 140 in a solid-state nuclear spin system of which the spin polarization has been increased to 0.12 using dynamic nuclear polarization with photoexcited triplet electron spins. Spin amplification scalable to a higher gain opens the door to the single spin measurement for a readout of quantum computers as well as practical applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to infinitesimal samples which have been concealed by thermal noise.Comment: 6 pages, 7 figure

Rates of Dissolution of Rotating Cobalt Cylinders in Liquid Copper and Cu-Co Alloys

Cobalt cylinders having the top and bottom faces capped with molybdenum were rotated at the speeds of 260, 600, and 860 rpm in liquid copper and Cu-Co alloys maintained at 1200, 1270, and 1340℃ under argon at 1 atm. pressure. The dependence of the dissolution rate of the cylinders on the concentration of cobalt in the bulk liquid was observed. The solution-rate constants defined by a modified form of the Berthoud equation varied from 6.6×10^ to 2.7×10^ cm・sec^. The activation energies for the dissolution processes at the rotational speeds of 260 and 600 rpm were 12.7 and 13.7 kcal. mol^, respectively. The rate constant was found to vary with the 0.76 to the 0.94 power of the Reynolds number in the range 5.7×10^4<Re<2.1×10^4. The dependence of the dissolution rate on the activity of cobalt in the bulk liquid was observed and was discussed on the basis of the thermodynamic expression for diffusion. The results of this investigation suggest that the dissolution process is diffusion controlled. Oxygen increases markedly the dissolution rate

Giant geometry modulation on magnetic proximity effect observed in isomeric oxide heterostructures

Magnetic proximity effect (MPE) is generally considered to occur at the magnetic-nonmagnetic material interface within a short-range space domain, while the structural geometry modulation on such an interface effect has not been explored. Here, we fabricate isomeric paramagnetic metallic IrO2 with rutile and anatase structures, respectively, on a ferrimagnetic insulating CoFe2O4, and study the MPE-induced magnetism by anomalous Hall effect (AHE) measurements. The rutile phase with layered structure shows a conventional AHE and identical coercive-field with CoFe2O4, indicating a concomitant magnetic switching as a result of a strong magnetic coupling at the interface. In contrast, the anatase phase with tetrahedral structure exhibits an unconventional AHE with negative coercive-field at low temperatures. Further analyses indicate that in anatase, the contribution that strongly couples with CoFe2O4 is dramatically suppressed while a giant frustration-like response emerges. Our findings reveal that the MPE-induced spin orders can be pronouncedly modulated by structural geometry

Improved detection of air-filled lesions using computed tomography in dogs with recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax through reduction of pulmonary atelectasis via positive pressure ventilation

IntroductionSpontaneous pneumothorax in dogs is predominantly caused by the rupture of air-filled lesions, such as bullae or blebs. The efficacy of Computed Tomography (CT) in detecting these lesions has been deemed limited due to its reportedly low sensitivity. This retrospective, cross-sectional study investigates the utility of CT in eight dogs diagnosed with recurrent pneumothorax, all of which had surgical confirmation of the cause of the pneumothorax.Materials and methodsThoracic radiographs were obtained before and the day following the CT studies. Initially, a CT study was conducted without positive pressure ventilation (pre-PPV CT). Subsequent CT studies were performed post-evacuation of pneumothorax and with positive pressure ventilation of 15 cmH2O until lung atelectasis was resolved (post-PPV CT). The pre-PPV CT and post-PPV CT images were anonymized and reviewed by two board-certified radiologists. The presence and morphology of air-filled lesions were evaluated on all images. Surgical findings were recorded and compared to the CT findings.ResultsAir-filled lesions were detected in 5 out of 8 dogs in the pre-PPV CT studies and in all 8 dogs in the post-PPV CT studies. The CT findings of air-filled lesions were consistent with surgical findings. None of the dogs showed increased severity of pneumothorax in radiographs taken the day following the CT studies.DiscussionsThe study concludes that the resolution of lung atelectasis by evacuation of pneumothorax and positive pressure ventilation during CT studies is feasible and enhances the detection of air-filled lesions in dogs with recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax. This could potentially aid in improving surgical planning

Pathophysiological functions of CD30+ CD4+ T cells in rheumatoid arthritis.

High levels of soluble CD30 (sCD30) were detected in the serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), indicating the involvement of CD30+ T cells in the pathogenesis. We investigated the induction of CD30 and its functions in CD4+T cells from patients with established RA (disease duration &#62;_2 years). CD4+ T cells from both the peripheral blood (PB) and synovial tissue (ST) of RA patients expressed surface CD30 when stimulated with anti-CD3 antibody (Ab) and anti-CD28 Ab, but their CD30 induction was slower and weaker compared with PB CD4+ T cells of healthy controls (HC). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that only a small proportion of lymphocytes expressed CD30 in the ST (-1%). RA PB CD4+ T cells, after recovery from 6-day stimulation with anti-CD3 Ab and anti-CD28 Ab, showed in intracellular cytokine staining that CD30+ T cells could produce more interleukin-4 (IL-4) but less interferon-gamma. In the culture of RA PB CD4+ T Cells with anti-CD3 Ab and anti-CD28 Ab, blocking anti-CD30 Ab similarly inhibited the cell proliferation and activation of nuclear factor-kappaB on day 4 in RA and HC, but inhibited the apoptotic cell death on day 6 only in RA. These results indicate that despite high-level expression of sCD30, the anti-inflammatory activity of IL-4-producing CD30+ CD4+ T cells may be limited in the ST due to a poor induction of surface CD30 and a susceptibility to CD30-mediated cell death.</p