STUDY OF RACHANA SHARIR DESCRIBED IN LAGHUTRAYEE IN COMPARISON WITH BRIHATRAYEE

Sharir Rachana and Kriya is essential for the knowledge of Chikitsa, Shalya and Shalakya. Depending upon the availability and complete knowledge of Ashtang Ayurveda the trio of creations of Acharya Susruta, Charaka and Vagbhata is regarded as Brihatrayee. Later on the other trio of Madhava Nidan, Bhavaprakash, Sharangadhara Samhita reffered as Laghutrayee. The knowledge of Sharir and medicine available in Brihatrayee; So, Ayurvedic terminologies explaining the Sharir aspects in Samhitas are many times mentioned by comparing it with the objects commonly seen in day-to-day life. This concept of comparison may be classified on Rachnatmaka groups. This concept helps in knowing, understanding, learning and memorizing the important features in Rachana Sharir, as a whole. Acharyas has thus greatly contributed to the Vaidyas in studying the Sharir in the language of the layman. Sharir stands for bodily, anything related to body. It is defined by Brihatrayee Acharyas as per their ideologies. Sharirvichaya is a detailed knowledge of Sharir Anga Pratyanga which is useful for Sharir Svasthya as well as Chikitsa. All the Acharyas consider Shadangas according to their different point of view

Experimental Investigation of Reactive Extraction of Levulinic Acid from Aqueous Solutions

The separation of levulinic acid from aqueous solutions is costly and non-ecofriendly in many cases. The major concerns are the low concentration of levulinic acid in fermentation broths and industrial downstreams. In this study, reactive extraction of levulinic acid from aqueous phase is proposed and its efficacy was investigated. Various extractants viz. tri-n-butyl phosphate, trioctylamine, and trioctylmethylammonium chloride along with i-octanol as a diluent were used. The extent of separation was investigated and various performance parameters like extraction efficiency, distribution coefficient, equilibrium complexation constant, and loading ratio were estimated. The number of transfer units, diffusivity, and mass transfer considerations were also discussed in the reactive separation system. Finally, the conceptual method was provided for the separation of levulinic acid using efficient reactive separation. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

A CLINICAL STUDY OF CHARAKOKTA SAUVARCHALADI CHURNA IN SHWAS (ASTHMA)

Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of Charakokta sauvarchaladi churna and Theo-asthalin in Shwas”, it aimed at evaluating the efficacy of Sauvarchaladi Churna in Shwas. Materials and Methods: A study was conducted and 60 patients were randomly selected of Shwas, attending OPD or IPD department of Kayachikitsa OPD was included in study and divided into 2 groups. In Group A 30 patients were selected and trial drug was advocated in a dose of 3gm twice a day with Koshna Jal as Anupana. In Group B 30 patients were selected, Tab Theo-Asthalin was given twice a day. Treatment was given for 30 days with the result assessment recorded at every 5 days. Subjective and objective parameters were analyzed before and after the treatment. In subjective parameters Pinasa, Kasa veg, Kapha Sthivan, Shwas Veg gati, Asino Labhate Saukhyam, Ghurghurakam, while ESR, Chest Expansion, Breath holding time and Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) are considered as objective parameters. Results: Effect of the Sauverchaladi churn (Group A) and Tab. Theo-Asthalin (Group B) on symptoms observed in Shwas is statistically proved to be significant. But on comparison between two groups, group A is more effective in reducing the symptoms Kasa veg, Kapha Sthivan, Shwas Veg gati, Asino Labhate Saukhyam. In reducing the symptoms Pinasa and Ghurghurakam there is no significant difference between two groups i.e. both groups are equally effective. It was observed that total percentage of relief in symptoms in Group A is 75.24%, whereas in Group B it was found 63.86%. It shows that Group A therapy of Saauvarchaladi churna is more effective in relieving symptoms of Shwas. Conclusion: Comparison between two groups was statistically evaluated by chi- square test. The Chi-square value 7.929 at 2 degrees of freedom, P<0.001 which is statistically highly significant which suggest that Group A was more effective than Group B

EFFICACY OF SHIVA GUTIKA WITH SARASWATARISHTA IN THE MANAGEMENT OF AGE ASSOCIATED MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT (AAMCI)

Objective: To find the efficacy of Shiva gutika with Saraswatarishta in management of Age Associated Mild Cognitive Impairment (AAMCI). To review the literature of mild cognitive impairment, Jara, and aging as per modern science and Ayurveda. To observe side effects of the drug if any. To access effect of drug on other signs and symptoms of Jara.Method: Open Trial study was conducted on 25 patients having AAMCI and were selected for the study randomly. The patients received 1gm Shiva gutika once a day with 40ml Saraswatarista as Anupan for 3 months.Assessment Criteria: Improvement in all the six cerebral higher functions on the basis of various tests such as MMSE, CAMCOG (CAMDEX), ADL/IADL, GDS.Follow up: 0, 15th, 30th, 45th, 60th, 75th, 90th day.Duration: Total duration study was 90 Days. This study was carried out in Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University College of Ayurved & Hospital Pune in Year 2010 and 2011.Results: Comparing all the symptoms before and after treatment had significant action in age associated mild cognitive impairment (AAMCI). No side effects of the drug during clinical trial were seen.Statistical Analysis: The Statistical Analysis reveals that Shiva gutika with Saraswatarista as Anupan effective in age associated mild cognitive impairment (AAMCI).Conclusion: Shiva gutika with Saraswatarista shared significant results in AAMCI. The overall effect of drug on ADL & IADL showed significant result

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MOCHARASA SIDDHATAIL AND MAHAMASHA TAIL NASYA IN VISHVACHI

AIM: A comparative study of Mocharasa siddhatail and Mahamasha tail Nasya in Vishvachi.Objective: To study the efficacy of Mocharasa Taila Nasya in Vishvachi, compare effect of Mocharasa Taila with Mahamasha Taila, and to Study Literary explanation of Vishvachi Vyadhi.Method: Randomized single blind comparative clinical trial on 40 patients having Vishvachi and were selected for the study randomly. 20 patients were selected and treated as study group A with Mocharasa Taila for 14 days and 20 patients were selected and treated as group B with Mahamasha taila.Mocharasa taila: Authentication of Mocharasa was done in department of botany at Pune University. Standardisation of Mocharasa taila was done in Department of Rasa shastra Bhaishajakalpana vigyan at Bharati Ayurved College. Mahamasha Taila is prepared from Shankar pharmacy (GMP certify no.GA/1153 Government of Gujarat drug control administration) according to Bhaishjya Ratnavali.Follow up: 0th, 7th, 14th, 15th day.Duration: Total duration study was 14 days. This study was carried out in Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University College of Ayurved & Hospital Pune in Year 2010 and 2011.Results: Comparing Mocharasa taila and Mahamasha taila Nasya and are equally effective in Vishvachi.Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis shows that Mocharasa taila and Mahamasha taila are equally effective in symptoms such as Bahu Shoola, Bahu badhirya & Bahu chesta apaharana.Conclusion: Mocharasa taila and Mahamasha taila Nasya is equally effective in Vishavchi

EFFECT OF SHARPUNKHAMULACHURNA WITH TANDULODAK IN ASRUGDARA

Any abnormality in Rutuchakra (menstrual rhythm) leads excessive and irregular uterine bleeding which is known as “Asrugdara” in classical text. In routine practice of Striroga and Prasutitantra number of patients present with excessive and irregular bleeding vaginally. To study the effect of Sharpunkhamulachurna with Tandulodak in Asrugdara. Asrugdara gives rise to various systemic and psychological disorders which needs treatment. 30 patients were diagnosed with symptoms of Asrugdara attending OPD of our institute and fulfilling criteria are taken for the study. A special proforma was prepared with all points of history taking, physical signs and symptoms and lab. Investigations. The parameters were scored on the basis of standard methods of statistical analysis.In the study, Artavapraman shows 78.8% of relief, Rajastarvaavadhi shows 49.0% of relief, Daha shows 36.9% of relief, Adhoudarshula shows 59.2% of relief, interval between 2 cycle shows 0% of relief, consistency of bleeding shows 44.8% of relief, Varna shows 41.1% of relief and by wilcoxon test it is found that it is highly significant. So it can be concluded that efficacy of Sharpunkhamula churna is significant in Asrugdara on this symptom.Among the available treatment for Asrugdara, Sharpunkhamulachurna is beneficial in curing the vitiated Doshas. The treatment which includes Sharpunkhamulachurna which have been used based on their properties like Tikta and Kashayarasatmak which helps in Stambankarma, it is also Vatakaphaghna - all these objectives are fulfilled to the greater extent

A CLINICAL STUDY OF MARICHA CHURNA AND PIPPALI MOOL IN THE MANAGEMENT OF STANYAKSHAYA

Sthanya is the Updhatu of Rasa dhatu. Ayurveda explain the importance of Sthanya through its main function Pushti and Jeevan. Rasa DHATU is said to Addidhatu i.e. Prathamdhatu. If Rasa dhatu formation is disturbed, its Updhatusthanya is also get disturbed. In Stanyakshaya there is Kshaya due to Dhatukshaya and Dushti. In present study, “effect of Maricha pippalimool churna on Sthanyakshaya’’ has been designed by taking reference from Kashyapsamhita Ksheeroudpadya. The purpose is to analyse and evaluate the complete concept and its etiopathogenesis of Sthanyakshaya and treatment with Ikshumulkashya as whole in light of Ayurvedic and modern concept. The aim is to study causes of Stanyakshaya which occurs with different reasons prescribed in Ayurveda like Krodha, Shoka etc., and according to modern science stress, anaemia etc., and to determine the effectiveness of Maricha Pippalimool churna on galactagogue, improve the detail study about Stanyakshya from Ayurvedic and modern text. The drugs used for this clinical study are Maricha Churna, Pippalimool Churna. 60 patients clinically diagnosed as Stanyakshya patients were selected. Statistical analysis of the parameters: Socio-demographic profile, ejection breast milk, duration of breast feeding, according to Stanapurnatva, according to frequency of feeding, weight of infant, frequency of urine, sleep of infant was done. The drug “Maricha pippalimool churna” was given for 30 days. Significant increase in parameter had been observed during the study. There was increase in Stanya after application of drug “Maricha pippalimool churna” given in Stanyakshaya. This treatment does not show any toxicity and no side effects were seen during the follow up. This remedy is economical and easy to use, store and carry

Reversible Logic Circuit Synthesis

Reversible or information-lossless circuits have applications in digital signal processing, communication, computer graphics and cryptography. They are also a fundamental requirement in the emerging field of quantum computation. We investigate the synthesis of reversible circuits that employ a minimum number of gates and contain no redundant input-output line-pairs (temporary storage channels). We prove constructively that every even permutation can be implemented without temporary storage using NOT, CNOT and TOFFOLI gates. We describe an algorithm for the synthesis of optimal circuits and study the reversible functions on three wires, reporting distributions of circuit sizes. We study circuit decompositions of reversible circuits where gates of the same type are next to each other. Finally, in an application important to quantum computing, we synthesize oracle circuits for Grover's search algorithm, and show a significant improvement over a previously proposed synthesis algorithm.Comment: 30 pages, 14 figs+tables. To appear in IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Electronic Circuits. Contains results presented at the Intl. Conf. on Computer-Aided Design, 2002 and new material on decompositions of reversible circuits where gates of the same type are next to each othe

Reactive Crystallization of Calcium Oxalate: Population Balance Modeling

Reactive crystallization of calcium oxalate has been studied to determine particle size distribution for calcium oxalate precipitation using population balance model with method of moments. The model is formulated and tested for single feed semi-batch reactive crystallization of calcium oxalate with reactants calcium chloride and sodium oxalate with literature data. The simulated results include local supersaturation distribution, number of particle distribution, mass of particle crystallized, particle size, nucleation and growth rate during the process. The model results are in good agreement with available experimental data from literature. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License