Covariate conscious approach for Gait recognition based upon Zernike moment invariants

Gait recognition i.e. identification of an individual from his/her walking pattern is an emerging field. While existing gait recognition techniques perform satisfactorily in normal walking conditions, there performance tend to suffer drastically with variations in clothing and carrying conditions. In this work, we propose a novel covariate cognizant framework to deal with the presence of such covariates. We describe gait motion by forming a single 2D spatio-temporal template from video sequence, called Average Energy Silhouette image (AESI). Zernike moment invariants (ZMIs) are then computed to screen the parts of AESI infected with covariates. Following this, features are extracted from Spatial Distribution of Oriented Gradients (SDOGs) and novel Mean of Directional Pixels (MDPs) methods. The obtained features are fused together to form the final well-endowed feature set. Experimental evaluation of the proposed framework on three publicly available datasets i.e. CASIA dataset B, OU-ISIR Treadmill dataset B and USF Human-ID challenge dataset with recently published gait recognition approaches, prove its superior performance.Comment: 11 page

Masses of 2S single heavy baryons using non-perturbative parameters in HQET

We have employed heavy quark effective theory (HQET) to determine the masses of $n=2$, S-wave charm and bottom baryons. The HQET parameters $\overline{\Lambda}$, $\lambda_1$ and $\lambda_2$ are calculated for $n=1$ using the masses of S-wave baryons. The behavior of ratio of mass terms of $n=1$ mesons and baryons containing these parameters are also studied by varying the bottom quark mass. The HQET symmetry of $\overline{\Lambda}$ parameter is used to find the parameters and masses for $n=2$ S-wave baryons. The variation of mass of 2S baryons with the non-perturbative parameters $\lambda_1$ and $\lambda_2$ for radially excited baryons is discussed. The Regge trajectories are also plotted in the $(n,M^2)$ plane using masses of $n=1$ and 2 charm and bottom baryons. The Regge trajectories are parallel and equidistant lines in the $(n,M^2)$ plane.Comment: 12 pages, 13 figure

On the Generalized Birth-Death Process and its Linear Versions

In this paper, we consider a generalized birth-death process (GBDP) and examined its linear versions. Using its transition probabilities, we obtain the system of differential equations that governs its state probabilities. The distribution function of its waiting-time in state $s$ given that it starts in state $s$ is obtained. For a linear version of it, namely, the generalized linear birth-death process (GLBDP), we obtain the probability generating function, mean, variance and the probability of ultimate extinction of population. Also, we obtain the maximum likelihood estimate of one of its parameter. The differential equations that govern the joint cumulant generating functions of the population size with cumulative births and cumulative deaths are derived. In the case of constant birth and death rates in GBDP, the explicit forms of the state probabilities, joint probability mass functions of population size with cumulative births and cumulative deaths, and their marginal probability mass functions are obtained. It is shown that the Laplace transform of a stochastic integral of GBDP satisfies its Kolmogorov backward equation with certain scaled parameters. Also, the first two moments of the stochastic path integral of GLBDP are obtained. Later, we consider the immigration effect in GLBDP for two different cases. An application of a linear version of GBDP and its stochastic path integral to vehicles parking management system is discussed

Application of Finite Difference Time Domain to Calculate the Transmission Coefficient of an Electromagnetic Wave Impinging Perpendicularly on a Dielectric Interface with Modified MUR-I ABC

MATLAB codes were implemented in this study for a one dimension wave formulation using the computational technique of finite difference time domain (FDTD) method. The codes have then been verified under two cases, one a simple one dimensional wave impinging perpendicularly on a dielectric layer from air interface and second is a one dimensional wave impinging momentarily on a small dielectric slab. The transmission coefficients under both the cases have also been verified. For the former case, there is a constant transmission coefficient irrespective of the frequency of the electromagnetic wave impinging on it and for the latter; there is a sinusoidal type variation due to multiple reflections along the wall of the dielectric slab. In the course of this implementation of the codes a novel technique to implement the absorbing boundary condition (ABC) on the dielectric interface has also been devised based on the Mur-I ABC which has been verified for a dielectric of dielectric constant 4єo. The implementation of the codes presents a recapitulation of the evolution of FDTD from Yee’s Algorithm to the latest modifications in the ABC.Defence Science Journal, 2012, 62(4), pp.228-235, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.62.79

An Optimum Allocation with a Family of Estimators Using Auxiliary Information in Sample Survey

The problem of obtaining optimum allocation using auxiliary information in stratified random sampling. An optimum allocation with a family of estimators is obtained and its efficiency is compared with that of Neyman allocation based on Srivastava (1971) class of estimators and the optimum allocation suggested by Zaidi et al., (1989). It is shown that the proposed allocation is better in the sense having smaller variance compared to other optimum allocation

Emergence of half-metallic ferromagnetism in transition metal substituted Na0.5_{0.5}Bi0.5_{0.5}TiO3_3

The multifunctional materials with prominent properties such as electrical, ferroelectric, magnetic, optical and magneto-optical are of keen interest to several practical implications. In the roadmap of designing such materials, in the present work, using density functional theory based first-principles calculations, we have investigated the functional properties of transition metal substituted-NBT. Our calculations predict the emergence of half-metallic ferromagnetism in the system. A nonzero magnetic moment of 1.49 $\mu_{\rm B}/{\rm f.u.}$ is obtained for 25\% concentration of Ni. Our data on optical properties for pure NBT is in excellent agreement with available theory and experiments. For Ni-NBT, we observed a diverging nature of static dielectric constant, which could be attributed to the induced metallic character in the material. Our simulations on MOKE predict a significant Kerr signal of 0.7$^\circ$ for 6.25\% Ni-concentration.Comment: 8 figures, 2 table

Environmental Strategies for Sustainable Development: An Analysis of the Drivers of Proactive Environmental Strategies in the Manufacturing Sector

Stakeholders’ concern towards the ecological damage arising out of emissions from the industrial processes has raised serious issues before the industrial sectors. Environmentalists and researchers are raising these issues in various forums. Few industrial sectors are well informed about environmental protection and act accordingly to address these issues by complying with environmental norms. However, some firms are more ethical in their business and proactively redefine their operations and policies beyond the regulatory requirements. What factors compel these firms to go beyond the extant laws to protect the environment? This study statistically analyses India’s cement sector for the factors that may be the drivers of environmental proactivity. Using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), eight hypotheses were tested. The study’s findings can be helpful for the policymakers, environmental managers, and industrial sectors to frame policies for environmental protection, which will redound to societal benefit