Genotypic response of short day garlic (Allium sativum L.) accessions to shoot multiplication

A simple protocol for in vitro shoot multiplication of 10 accessions including 8 varieties and 2advanced lines of short day Indian garlic (Allium sativum) is described. Two shootmultiplication media (Murashige and Skoog 1 and Murashige and Skoog 2) were tried usingbasal plate explant from mature cloves for multiple shoot induction. The medium (Murashigeand Skoog 2) consisting of 6-(γ,γ-dimethylallylamino)-purine (3 mg l-1) was the best forinduction of multiple shoots. Although genetic variability existed among the genotypes,shoot multiplication was obtained in all the accessions in Murashige and Skoog 2 mediumalong with almost 100% bulb formation in the shoots produced. &nbsp

Callus culture and regeneration from root tip of garlic (Allium sativum L.)

Callus induction and subsequent plant regeneration was studied in acommercial Indian cultivar of garlic, cV. G-41 (short-day type). 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid at lower concentration (0.25 mg 1-1) and picloram at higher concentration 1.0 mg 1") were suitable for efficient callus formation from the root tips. Callus was obtained only from the apical portions of root-tips treated with 2,4-dicholorophenoxyacetic acid whereas picloram led to callus fo rmation throughout the root segment except the non apical (subjacent) portion. Callus obtained from induction medium containing both auxins and cytokinins responded well toregeneration. The average shoot regeneration frequency ranged from 16.7% to 50.0%. The best combination for callus culture and regeneration was callus formation in root tip medium 2 (CRT 2) (2,4-d icholorophenoxyacetic acid 0.25 mg 1" + 6-benzylaminopurine 1.0 mg I'') induction medium followed by garlic regeneration medium 3 (GR 3) (ki netin 1.0 mg 1") as the regeneration medium. In other regeneration media, profuse root formation and appearance of dark green callus was also observed

Genotype x environment interactions and stability analysis in elite lines of garlic (Allium safivum L.)

Thirty five elite lines and three released varieties of garlic (Allium sativum) were evaluated for their stability, with respect to yield and its contributing traits, for three years at Rajgurunagar (Maharashtra) during rabi season. Analysis of variance for stability of different characters indicated that mean differences for varieties and environments (years) were significant for all the characters except for number of leaves, indicating that the performance with respect to number of leaves in different years was not stable. Genotype 50 gave stable performance for higher plant height, clove weight, total yield and marketable yield, while genotypes 74 and 163 gave better yield under adverse situations. Genotype 117 had stability for dwarf plant height, less number of leaves and more equatorial diameter. Genotype 58 had stability in desired direction for less number of leaves and lesser neck thickness. Genotype 52 showed stability for higher plant height, greater neck thickness and average number of cloves with less number of leaves. Variety G-41 was stable for marketable yield only. In genotypes 52, 58, 117, 163,200, 229 and variety G-41, the yield was more in favourable environmental conditions. &nbsp